34 RETURNS RELATING TO PILOTS AND PILOTAGE, PORT OF NEWPORT ( MONMOUTH)— continued. 8. No person shall be licensed to act as a pilot in the district unless he shall have passed a creditable examination on the follow- ing subjects, viz.:— 1st. He must be able to give the course and distance between any two places within the limits of the Channel. 2nd. The rise, velocity, and set of the tides. 3rd. The depth and character of the soundings. 4th. The best anchorages, and where to stop for a tide. 5th. The sand banks, rocks, shoals, and other dangers. 6th. The land marks, buoys, lights, their different bearings and distance. 7th. The appearance of the different headlands. 8th. The management of a vessel; to bring her to anchor ; to keep her clear of her anchor in the tideway ; to moor, unmoor, and get under weigh, and to handle a vessel under any circumstances. 9. Each pilot shall provide himself with a good and efficient skiff or boat, which shall be registered and licensed by the Pilotage Hoard for the port to which he may belong, which skiff or boat shall be kept in good repair, and subject to periodical examination by the Pilotage Board, only it may be permitted that two or not more than three pilots may sail in the same boat and ant in con- junction at the discretion of the Board, and that there shall be one indentured apprentice to each boat. 10. Etch pilot skiff or boat shall have on the stern the name of the owner thereof, and the natne of the port to which she belongs, painted in white letters, at least one inch broad and three inches long ; on each bow the number of the license of such boat or skiff, and shall have the first letter of her port marked in black paint, of not. less than three feet in length, in her mainsail ; and shall by day carry at her masthead a flag of not less than four feet by three feet, of two colours, the upper horizontal half white, and the lower horizontal half red ; and at night a white light only, at the mast- head, and shall exhibit a flare- up light every 15 minutes, under a penalty not exceeding 20 I. for non- compliance. 11. Any pilot who shall refuse or neglect to proceed to sea when ordered by the clerk or other person duly appointed by the Board, unless prevented by illness or unavoidable circumstances, or who shall be guilty of drunkenness when in the discharge of his duty, or of insolent and unwarrantable conduct towards any master, owner, or agent of vessel for which he may be engaged, shall be liable to a penalty of not exceeding 5 I. for the first offence, and for the second or any subsequent offence to the like penalty, or the loss of his license. 12. Any pilot who shall absent himself from duty, or who may go overland to take charge of any vessel, or who shall seek employ- ment otherwise than in his own boat, without the written consent of the Board, shall be liable to a penalty of not less than 51, nor exceeding 10/. 13. Any pilot having charge of a vessel inward bound, except to a port to which he is not licensed, shall not be released from his duties or responsibilities until such vessel is securely moored in the dock, lock, or harbour of the port; but if in charge of a vessel hound to a port to which he is not licensed he shall be released from his duties or responsibilities when such vessel is anchored in the nearest roadstead to the port to which she is bound ; and if outward bound to such distance or stage for which he has been engaged. Any pilot violating this rule shall be subject to a penalty of not exceeding 10/. or the loss of his license. 14. That every pilot shall from time to time conform himself strictly to all directions which shall be given by the harbour or dock masters touching the mooring, unmooring, placing, or removing of any vessel under his charge, as long as such vessel shall be lying and situate within the limits of the authority of such harbour or dock masters. 15. Every master, owner, or agent of any vessel navigating the Bristol Channel within the limits of this pilotage who shall employ any unlicensed person to act as, or perform the duty of pilot, unless proved that no licensed pilot could be obtained, or who shall retain such unlicensed pilot on board to act as pilot after a licensed pilot shall have offered his services, shall be subject to a penalty of not exceeding 50 I. for every such offence. 16. If any vessel, whilst in charge of a pilot, does, or receives damage, the circumstances of the accidents will be investigated by the Board, and the Board may, if it see fit, require the license of the pilot to be given up to the Board until the case has been disposed of. 17. The licenses of the pilots shall be renewed annually, or otherwise, at the discretion of the Board, in the first week in January, and a fee of 2,1. 2 s. shall be paid by each pilot to the Board upon receiving his license, and 1 /. 1 s. upon each renewal of it, and each pilot shall pay to the Board an annual sum of 2s. 6d. for registering his boat. 18. Each pilot shall, within 24 hours of his return from a cruise, report himself to the clerk of the Board, and make a full and proper return ( according to a form which shall be provided by the Board) of all vessels he may have piloted, monies received during the cruise, date of sailing, & c. Penalty not exceeding 5 I. for the first offence, and the loss of his license for any subsequent one. 19. The pilots are permitted to collect theirown inward pilotage rates, or they may be collected by a person who may be appointed for the purpose by the Board ; and every pilot is required to make a monthly return to the Board of the pilotage earned by him, whether in piloting vessels to or from the port of Newport, or else- where, the name and tonnage of the vessels piloted ; where belong- ing, where from, and where bound ; the cargo and the distance piloted, paying over at the same time a poundage of 1 s. in the pound on the amount earned to the person appointed by the Board to receive it. The pilots shall also state in such return all cases where vessels bound to or from Newport have been piloted over any and what portion of the district by a pilot not licensed by the port. Pilots making a false return shall be subject to a penalty of not exceeding 10/., and may, at the discretion of the Board, forfeit their licenses. 20. Any master, owner, or agent of any vessel bound to sea who may require a pilot shall, at or before clearing at the Custom- house, inform the clerk of the Pilotage Board of the vessel's tonnage, draught of water, and give such further information as may be required, and pay the dues outwards to the district for which the master or owner may require the services of the pilot; the pilot who brought the vessel into port being first entitled to her outwards, unless the master or owner may make and sustain a charge against the said pilot of incompetency or irregular conduct. 21. In case a vessel is brought by a pilot up the River Usk for admission into the Newport Docks, and is by any misadventure unable to enter the docks, if the pilot is required to take the vessel to an anchorage in deep water, or to lay her on any of the mud banks in or at the mouth of the river, he shall be entitled to the full distance pilotage for taking the vessel back, in addition to the inward pilotage ; but if a pilot should bring a vessel up for admis- sion to the docks when the usual dock signal is hoisted by day or night in the usual manner for non- entrance into the docks, and the vessel is thereby compelled to return to an anchorage or moorino- place, the pilot shall not be entitled to any pilotage for bringing the vessel up or for taking her back to her anchorage. 22. Each pilot shall be furnished with, and keep in his possession a printed copy of these bye- laws and regulations; and he shall produce the same to the master of any vessel or other person employing him when required to do so, under a penalty, in case of default, of not exceeding 5 /. It is enacted by the BRISTOL CHANNEL Pilotage Act, 1861 :— Section 23. Subject to the provisions of " The Merchant Shipping Act, 1854,'' the Board may from time to time license and appoint such number of proper persons to act as pilots within the pilotage district, and to or from the port for which such Board may have been appointed as they may think necessary, and may remove or suspend the license of' any such pilot at their pleasure, and may establish such rates and fees to be levied and paid for the risk, trouble, and labour of such pilots as to such Board shall from time to time seem just and reasonable; and if any person shall pretend to hold himseif out to be a licensed pilot, or in any manner act as a pilot without having been so licensed, or after his license may have been revoked or suspended, he shall be liable to a penalty of not exceeding 50/. Section 29. The master of every vessel bound from any of the ports of Cardiff, Newport, or Gloucester, may, if he shall think it expedient so to do, require the assistance of any pilot licensed by the Board for that port, and on being so required any pilot shall take on himself the charge of such vessel, and shall pilot the same for such distance within the pilotage district for which he may be licensed as the master of such vessel shall require; and any pilot who shall in any such case refuse to pilot such vessel to any such distance as aforesaid,