FREE PRESS. OCTOBER 29, 1842. No. IX. Price One Penny. And now the time in special is, by privilege, to write and speak what may help to the further discussing of matters in agitation. The Temple of Janus, with his two controvcrsal faces, might now not unsignificantly be set open : and though all the winds of doctrine were let hose to play upon the earth, so Truth be in the field, we do injuriously, by licensing and prohibiting, to misdoubt her strength. Let her and falsehood grapple. Who ever knew Truth put to the worse, in a free and open encounter. Her confuting is the best and surest suppressing.- MILTON'S AREOPAGITICA. ADVERTISEMENTS. S. DENTON, Tailor and Woollen Draper, begs to inform his Friends and the Public that he has received the present Fashions, with his usual Stock of Winter Goods, consisting of Waterproof Beavers, Tweeds, Pilot Cloths, with every other description of Goods, suitable to the Tailoring and Woollen Drapery businesses. S. D. in returning thanks to his Friends for their past favours, earnestly begs a con- tinuance of the same, assuring them nothing shall be want- ing on his part to give satisfaction as tolcheapness, quality of material, and elegance of style. The best London Hats from the most approved makers. 2, Corn Market End, Halifax. W. MATHER, Tailor and Woollen Draper, begs leave re- spectfully to inform his Friends and the Public that he has just returned from London, where he has been for the pur- pose of Purchasing Goods, and becoming acquainted with whatever is New in his Line of Business. Carlton Place, Halifax, Oct. 28, 1842. Just Published, by H. Pohlman, Halifax, and may be had of Mr. Sugden, Talbot Inn, and all Music Sellers, Price 2s. THE BIAFTIFDL WEST, a Ballad, the Poetry by E. C. S.; the music composed expressly for, and dedicated to, Mrs. Sun- derland, of the York, Halifax, and Huddersfield Concerts, by Alexander Lee. THE ESSAYIST. THE WATER QUESTION. BY QUINTUS AQUATIC VS. With a few notes by our Printer's Devil. Non rura quse Liris quieta Mordet aqua taciturnus amnis— HORACE.- Ariston men hudor, f said Pindar,— not Peter, but he of ancient Greece, — that prince of tetotallers, who drank so deeply of the pure waters of Helicon and the chrystal fountain of Castaly, that his writings have become embalmed by the antiseptic qualities of bis favourite liquor ;— ariston men hudor, he ex-, claimed ; and that meaneth, when done into English, that water is the bettermost of drinks,— the very aristocrat of beverages : or, to give a poetical trans- lation of it into our vernacular tongue,— Of all the liquors that men drink Water is the best, I think: And, in truth, the goodmen and goodwives of our town seem to be all of the very self- same notion ; in- asmuch as one can scarcely meet a body at a crossing, or at the corner of a street, but the universal talk is about water. We are verily and every where fl& oded with the verbiage. One of our neighbours growls and grumbles about the scarcity of the town's water:— another chaunts the eulogies of pure spring water, aud recites its manifold healing virtues :— and a third vociferates in our ears a torrent of abuse against the foul and muddy misdeeds of the water committee. In good sooth, our ar/ ua is not quieta, and our amnis not taciturnus. Surely, our townsfolk have not all set themselves in right earnest upon the study of hydraulics and hy- drostatics:— surely they have not all drunk of the simple, uincontaminated element, until the water has got into their heads : J— surely they have not all be- * Not the rich fields that Lirls laves, , And eats away with silent wares. FRANCIS'S HORACE. t Mr. Quintus must not suppose that there is so little solid learning in our printing office, that I don't understand Greek, and therefore print it in English characters, from ignorance. It is caused by dire necessity,— not having any Greek type. Like a lawyer, however, ( and Col. Thompson hints at considerable acquaintance between lawyers and the devil,) I will cite a precedent, from one of our British classics,— the Vicai of Wakefield. In all the editions of that book that I have seen, there is a Greek passage printed in English characters. t I wonder how this phrase came to mean what is gener- ally understood by it. Every thing a man drinks must " get into his head," unless his mouth be elsewhere,— a phenomenon only witnessed in the case of St. Denys, who issed his own head, while he carried it in his hands ; and it is a disputed question whether he kissed it with his heels or his elbows. come tetotallers; preferring the pure, wholesome, and delicious stream that purls and meanders down the picturesque channel of the Hebble beck, to the malt. and- hoppish compound that flows from the vats and cellars of its portly namesake, Peter .-— surely, the days of watercasters and urinals have not returned upon us, in all the plenitude of their mysterious quackery :— surely, as extremes meet, and as that which is fashionable to- day is often succeeded by its very opposite to- morrow ; ( just as the brandy- and- salt mania has been followed by the cold water recipe,) surely, the German hydropathy, that is driving into the midnight of obscurity Doctors of Medicine and Members of the College, with all their formidable array of pills and purges, powders and plaisters, blisters, emetics, and what not; surely, this novel description of hydra is not inundating the land with a whole nation of Sangrados, that even a Hercules could not overcome, although he commanded a Xerxean army of water- butts, officered by Neptune and his tritons.-— surely,— but enough of these varied and heterogeneous hypotheses,— these surelys that are anything but sure ; and let us come to the matter of fact,— the plain question,— a questio as much veccata as the bosom of the Adriatic, or the billows of the bay of Biscay; and presenting as distant a prospect of tranquillity as the far- famed " waters of strife'." " Question, question," exclaims our impatient reader; and to the question we will come. This question,— we should say questions, for Cerberus^ like there are three in one ;— these questions about cold water have got people into water as hot as ever was raised to the boiling point by the kindly calorific ap- pliance of its antagonistic element:— and yet, after all that has been said, or may be said, or can be said, or will be said,— after all, the differences of opinion upon these matters at issue may, perhaps, turn out to be as airy and unsubstantial as the vapour that is intruding itself into all our modern transactions, from the vast and varied operations of the steam- engine, to the boiling of an old woman's tea- kettle ; excepting that it hardly appears willing to undertake the pay- ment of the income- tax, and the filling- up of its complicated riddle- me- ree- puzzle schedules. Oh '. these women,— heaven bless ' em !— young, and those who are no longer juvenile ; slender, and those who are rather inclining to the embonpoint; fair, and those who are not quite sfo pretty ; ( fatness and ugliness are never, in the name of gallantry, to be associated with the gentler sex:)— what a clatter they all make about the water ! They're everlastingly squabbling,—•" from morn to eve, from eve to dew- fess morn, "-- about the unparalleled and un- precedented scarcity of that important liquid. Daily, — yea, hourly, are they adding to the fierceness of the tempest, by their incessant inquietude for a fuller and more copious supply of that elemental fluidity,— an article which is equally and alike necessary for the scouring of a kitchen floor, the revivification of their own pretty faces, and the boiling of a mealy potatoe. One of our poets tells us that" warmth, women, wine, against our lives combine ;"—( Oh 1 the rascally intriguers,— as bad as Guy Fawkes and the heroes of the Powder Plot!)— and then he pathetically asks,— " yet what were life without warmth, women, wine ?" Oh! if he had " nobbut" lived in the unpoetical town of Halifax, in the year one thousand eight hundred and forty- two, he would have included water, and not wine, amongst the three great marplots of sublunary felicity. Specially would he have connec- ted it with that portion of the daughters of Eve whose domestic concerns have been thrown into hot water, from the sheer want of an adequate supply of cold water. Mr. Mackintosh, || whose knowledge of married life is wonderfully extensive for a bachelor, could, no doubt, prove this, by an abundance of " statistical facts ;" and, indeed, cannot it be clearly made out, by an overwhelming torrent of evidence, that the want of water has '• conduced, above all other causes. § to bring about the existing crisis of distress" among the working classes ? Assuredly there has been a manifest deficiency of water- porridge, and is not that the same thing, or pretty near it ? Most certainly the water is that important ingredient with- out which there can be nothing but dry, unpalatable meal ; and generally,— too generally alas ! it has been, of late, the main ingredient; for the meal has been but scantily supplied, as was amply testified by the anti- thin- porridge- rebellion in the Halifax Union Bastile. But,— Oh ! these buts ! what obstacles do they not present to every good project. How many would have been poets,— Homers, Virgils, or Miltons,— but for want of poetic inspiration ! How many would have rivalled Demosthenes or Cicero in eloquence,— but for the unfortunate absence of oratorical ability 1 How many would have been as liberal as princes,— but for the unhappy condition of their finances ! How many would have been any thing but what they are, and any where but where they are,— but for the peculiar circumstances of their very peculiar fates and fortunes ! A little inoffensive- looking, insignificant word is this but,— but it always steps in, somehow or other, and turus out to be one of the veriest obstacle- makers in existence. The people could catch larks, but for the obstinacy of the sky in refusing to fall upon our heads : and the washerwomen would have abundance of water, but for the stubborn refusal of the springs to flow freely, and the equally stubborn refusal of the sky to pour down torrents of rain. But,— what have we to do, now- a- days, with any buts but water butts ? We would go on; but our bounds are reached ; and a power greater than Canute's restrains the over- flowing of our aquarian lucubrations ; for our paper is filled, and, therefore, our essay must come to an end. It may be dry; hut our subject is as far from being so, as could be desired either by an ultra- tetotaller or a lover of " heavy wet." 1] I wonder whether this gentleman is any relation to my great coat! It's a Mackintosh, and keeps out the water un- commonly well. § See Mr. Mackintosh's Letter, in the sixth Number of the " Free Press." I would have said " our " sixth number; but the plural dignity is beyond the reach of a printer's devil. It appertains only to editors j although royalty has, without permission, presumed to invade their exclusive right. Political philosophy is the philosophy of mankind. It springs alone from the rights of society, and tends alone to their interests : and there is a high sense in which the language of Pope is perfectly just, that " true self- love and social are the same."— Eclectic Review. A king may confer titles, but it is personal merit alone that insures respect.— Goldsmith. To be happy yourself, you must live among the- happy.— D'Israeli the Younger, THE HALIFAX FREE PRESS. 3 01) 11 LETTER BOX. STARTLING STATISTICAL FACTS SHOWING A DECLINE OF TASTE. TO BE READ AFTER READING D.' S LETTER. There is little sale for the new edition of the " Encyclopaedia Britannica " ( though nearly re- modelled) in comparison with what there was for the last two editions. Mr. John Murray, London, bears testimony that there is not now one half of the taste for solid literature that there once was. The Man- chester Mechanics' Institution has become really extinct— thatis, converted into a news room, and place of boisterous amusement. Only four out of 2000 standard works in the library are at an average read, while formerly nearly the whole of them were care- fully perused. The attendance on the classes at the Liverpool Mechanics' Institution, is not half what it formerly was. The Marylebone Institution, and others in London, have become theatres, or something akin. Mr. Tlios. Flint says that all scientific lectures must now prove a failure, and that nothing but noise and excitement is fitted to the taste of the people. Formerly, the proceedings of the British Association were recorded at length in every newspaper. Now, with the exception of a paragraph not so long as one recording a common accident, it is never favoured in general, but in many instances vehemently ridiculed and opposed. With all the novelty which now accompanies lectures ( for many institutions, like the Philosophical Society of Halifax, have now only lectures once in about seven years) they are not at all encouraged. About 10 murders have lately resulted from reading such books as Jack Sheppard. About 20 years ego, among the higher classes of this country, the conversation at parties was of a scientific descrip- tion, and whirling tables, electrical wheels, & c. were instruments of amusement. Now science is fairly expelled from the fashionable world. Thousands of other facts might be mentioned. D. MACKINTOSH. EXERCISES, REVIEWS, AND ACTION. LETTER VI.— CANADA. To the Editors of the Halifax Free Press. " Mr. Lafontaine and Mr. Girouard were actively engaged in therebellion of 1838, and for whose apprehension rewards of £ 500 were offered." ********** " In the meantime be it remembered, that Mr. Lafontaine and Mr. Girouard were marked for punishment in 1837, for the same reason which now marks them for power. They were the leading men of their race.— Spectator, October 15th, 1842. Yes ; it is quite true, to their high honour be it spoken, Mr. Lafontaine and Mr. Girouard were actively engaged in " the rebellion " in Canada in the year 1837. Fortunately they escaped martyrdom, although a price was put upon their heads, and in 1842, only five years afterwards, they are amongst the most influential members of the Government! This is great encouragement for " rebels" and " re- bellions." But what is rebellion ? The poet shall answer the question for us— " Rebellion! foul dishonouring word, Whose wrongful blight so oft hath stained The holiest cause that tongue or sword Of mortal ever lost or gained. How many a spirit born to bless, Hath sunk beneath that withering name, Whom but a day's, an hour's success, Had wafted to eternal fame 1" From the commencement of the " rebellion " the sympathies of the author of the Exercises, were en- listed on behalf of the Canadian population ; nor was it an inactive sympathy which he manifested. In Parliament and out of Parliament— in letters to his constituents— in the provincial papers— in the metro- politan papers— in public meetings of his fellow- townsmen of Hull— in public meetings of the cities of London and Westminster, did he explain the nature of the contest— point out the injustice of the conduct pursued by tbe Government against the Canadian population ; remonstrate, protest, and do all, and ten times more than all that any ordinary man would do ; or more than any one actually did, to prevent the calamity. True ; he was reviled and buffeted for his exertions, but he abated not one jot; he kuew that the caose was a righteous and a holy one, and that, as he said at the time, in a letter to Mr. Ward ( Member for Sheffield, and proprietor of the Weekly Chronicle, a sort of Liberal, whose liberality extended so far as to support the Whig Government in making war upon Canada) :— " The day will assuredly come when an appeal will be made from Philip drunk to Philip sober— from the British people stupified to the people with their wits about them."— Pol 4.327. Col. Thompson's report of what took place in par- liament on the Canadian question, will be found in the fourth volume of the Exercises, chiefly from pages S20 to 224, but by far tbe greater part of the records ° f his exertions or, the subject are in the same volume, from pagf 307 to 340. I refer your readers to the book itself, for no selection which your limits allow would convey an adequate idea of the keen indigna- tion and fervid eloquence, with which he contended against the iniquitous course pursued by government. Take as a specimen ( which contains the pith of the argument) what he said at the meeting at the Crown and Anchor Tavern :— " He rejoiced to hear the honourable member for West- minster declare there was disastrous " civil war" now raging in Canada. Was there not! And should they try to dwindle that away by calling it a disastrous disturbance { cheers}! Why, when three cats quarrelled in a chimney, that wasadisas trous disturbance ( laughter). The meeting, therefore would not be surprised at his stating, thfct if his will only had been consulted, the resolution would have been a mucti stronger one. If the minsters of the crown had endeavoured to take the supplies in this country by means of military force, what would Englishmen have called it? ( Voices in the meeting, * Treason 1') He thanked them for that word. Treason in England was treason in Canada, and he stood there to avow that had he succeeded in carrying the resolu- tion lie had proposed it would have been—" That the at" tempt of the ministers of the crown to seize on the supplies- in Canada, against the consent of the representative assem bly, is an act of treason ( vehement cheering)— which the British people, if they are wise, will punish when they are able ( continued cheering.) * * * * Suppose the government were to send soldiers to seize your goods, would you be satisfied with being told that it was patriotism in you to pray for the success of those troops, because forsooth they were Englishmen ( loud cheers). We maintain a body of troops for the defence of the country, but should we like them to put their hands into our pockets ? * * * Dull and stupid people of England, what will become of you if you do not take alarm in time ? What ground is there for believing that the ministers who had done these things in Canada would not do the same here whenever there was a temptation 1— Vol. 4, p. 308. The subject is rendered peculiarly interesting now that the recent accounts from Canada inform us that after all the murders which have been committed and the treasure expended; the principles, tbe suppres- sion of which was attempted, have strengthened and spread aud are ultimately triumphant! That as in olden times " the blood of the martyrs was the seed of the church," so the blood of the Canadian martyrs, which cried aloud to heaven, not for vengeance, ho' for something much betcer4than vengeance, has been answered. " For oh ! if there be/ m this earthly sphere A boon, an offering, Heaven holds dear, ' Tis the last libation liberty draws From the heart that bleeds, and breaks in her cause." The soil which was stimulated by the blood of the victims, has brought forth a crop— not of dragon's teeth, nor armed soldiers, but of calm reflecting men, " who know their rights, and knowing, dare maintain them." They have pursued their course with firm- ness, perseverance, and wisdom, until, in less than five short years, it has been found by the oppressors, the monopolists, impossible to carry on tbe govern- ment any longer without admitting tbe " rebel" chiefs into power and authority I This is glorious news.— There is a sympathy be- tween freemen, and those struggling to be freemen, in whatever country or climate the struggle goes on, and the success in one place is often accompanied or followed by success in another. The three days of July, which drove the Poligriac ministry of France from their places, was followed by the downfall of our Tory government, and the subsequent passing of the Reform Bill of England, and though, in neither country have the people reaped a moiety of the benefits which ought to have resulted from such a change, yet were the movements onward, and onward must the movement be again ; until the people obtain what they want, and will have, GOOD GOVERNMENT, and its results, FOOD, CLOTHING, HOUSES, EDUCATION, and PEACE ; instead of Hunger, Nakedness, Desti- tution, Ignorance, and War. But to obtain this change we must move ; there is no such thing as obtaining it by apathy, and if we do not move upon the common enemy, the enemy will move upon the popular caijse. The Tory organ for the West Riding of Yorkshire, says— " We are far from objecting to the due promotion of any portion of our fellow subjects in Canada, but we do object that any state of law shall exist, no matter how woll qualified for Whig purposes, under which places of office and trust must be given to the successful demagogues of an un constitutional party."— Leid. Intelligencer, Oct. 22. So that here is a protest against the continuance of legal protection for the Canadians, for be it observed, what is objected to, is not anything that might be unlawful, but that " any state of law shall exist," which shall be incompatible with the continuance of aristocratic domination. Perhaps the meaning is, that there is to be another Canadian war, to put down this new state of things, and as the Tories swelled the Whig majorities in the former debates on the subject, so probably the Whigs are expected to swell the Tory majorities on a second agitation of the question. What follows is strongly indicative of such i a disposition, for complaint is made, not that too much severity was exercised by the Whigs, in crush- ing the lebellion in 1837, but too little. " The Whig government have many sins to account for, and not the least of them is their continued encouragement of Canadian disloyalty, a course of conduct which has struck a sharp and effectual blow at the connection of our North American Colonies, and which has been ttie cause of present- ing, at this moment, the political anomaly of a Conserva- tive ministry in power at home, and a Radical Council ruling Canada."— Leeds Intelligencer, Oct. 22. Yes; this is an anomaly which cannot last, and there are signs in the heavens and on tbe earth, which to those who watch the clouds and the events, clearly indicative that this " political anomaly" is doomed. But how is uniformity to supersede anomaly? Which is to vanish ; " the Conservative ministry," or the " Radical council ?" Men begin to take con rage. In an Irish paper we find it written : — " Liberality in Canada has gained, thanks to the circum- stances with which England issurrounded— a signal victory. The men upon whose heads but lately a price was set, are now - in office, ascendant, the advisers and rulers of the State 1 Shall Ireland despair of doing what Canada has done ? How many think that opposing repeal is the high road to office, and that repeal is banished from itssweetsf Ah ' yet a little while, and it will be found that public trust as well as public duty— interest asiwell as honours wil crown the repealers— Dublin Pilot. In another Irish paper too, we find— " Justiceand right are alike in every latitude— the rule which suits Canada is equally applicable to Ireland. Are the people of Ireland of less Importuice to England than those of Canada ? Are their rights less sacred f Or is it that they are to be despised because jthey suffer themselves to be trampled on > To be treated with the same justice that is given to Canada, Ireland should have a parliament of Irish- men, she should have in the government councils— not Whig nor Tory— but men resolved to legislate fur the people instead of rulingforaclass. Such changes have been effected for Canada j we envy not that favoured . province, but we in- voke the people of Ireland to redouble their peaeeable and constitutional agitation, till they establish their right to equal justice."— Drogheda Argus, Oct. 22. In a Lancashire paper, which has recently con- tained some admirable articles on political affairs, we find equally encouraging symptoms ; they say— " We wish the Canadian example were followed out in Great Britain. It is indeed an emphatic lesson to both sections of the aristocratical faction. If the English would act as the Canadians have done— and follow the example of those who have followed the lessons which Sir R. Peel g ve them—" Register ! register! register 1 "— we should again see the triumphof our principles— PHACKJI REFORMI ECONO- MY!"— Bolton Free Press, Oct. 22. But in the same paper is something more to the point— " Sincere Reformers( wateh the'gradunl formation of new combinations— the slow but sure erection of a really popular party— bound together by great principles— and trusting to time and Providence for the apparition of men worthy to be the leaders in a glorious and energetic struggle for cheap and good government."— Bolton Free Prest, Oct. £ 2. This is to the point : and who that reads the Ex- ercises, and sees the part which Col. Thompson took in the Canadian struggle, mid in every struggle where tyranny and oppression were on one side, and truth and justice on the other, can fail to recognise in him, one of the centre about which the popular cause is to rally. Is there any other man whose experience, whose wisdom, whose devotion to the " GREATEST HAPPINESS" of mankind, offers such a guarantee of fitness to he a Leader in the Nation's Progress ? Col. Thompson ( inasmuch as he emphatically pro- claimed that justice was on the side of the Canadians,) was actively engaged in the rebellion of 1837, for which and similar offences— no price indeed was set upon bis head, as in the case of Lafontaine and Girouard— but he was fined ,£ 4,000, and excluded from Parlia- ment. If the champion received some wounds in the conflict, yet were l is exertions not without their effect. From that hour, the power of the Whig government declined, never again to rally; and on the other hand, the manifestation of such warm and generous sympathy, could not be without its cheer- ing and supporting influence on our transatlantic brethren. Aptly may we apply to him that which was said of Mr. Lafoutnine and Mr. Girouard at the com- mencement of this paper. " In the meantime be it remembered that" Col. Thomp- son " was marked for punishment in 1837 / or the same reason which now marks him for power— he is the leading man ofhisiace.' I am, 8ic. COADJUTOR. MODE OF FRIGHTENING A- SVAY ELEPHANTS.— There is a wretched tribe in llindostan, called the Cad' Curiibnru ; some of whom watch the fields, at night, to keep off the elephants and wild boars. Their manner of driving away tbe elephant is by run- ning against him with a burning torch, made of bamboos. The animal sometimes turns, and waits till the Curuburu comes close up ; but these poor people, taught by experience, push boldly on, and dash their torches against the bead of the elephant, who never fails to take immediate flight. Should their courage fail, and should they attempt to run away, the elephant would immediately pursue aud put. them to death. THE HALIFAX FREE PRESS. 3 THE SELECTOR. FACTORY GIRLS IN AMERICA. Mr. Charles Dickens, ( better known as " Buz," the author o!' the " Pickwick Papers," & c) has just published his promised work on America. It i' en- titled " American Notes for General Circulation;" and we select, for the information rather than the mere amusement of our readers, part Of the writer's description of Lowell, the infant seat of American manufactures, which our corn- law legislators, with such consummate wisdom, are striving their best to foster and bring into maturity. We extract the ac count of the factory girls there, for it is full of matter. " I happened to arrive at the first factory just as the dinner hour was over, arid the girls were returning to their work; indeed, the stairs of the mill were thronged with them as I ascended. They were all well dressed, but not, to my thinking, above their condition; for I like to see the humbler classes of society careful of their dress and appearance, and even, if they please, decorated with such little trinkets ascome within the compass of their means. Suppos- ing it confined within reasonable limits, 1 would always encourage this kind of pride, as a worthy element of self- respect, in any person I employed ; and should no more be deterred from doing so, be- cause some wretched female referred her fall to a love of dress, than I would allow my construction of Hie real intent and meaning of the Sabbath to be influ- enced by any warning to the well- disposed, founded on iiis blackslidings on that particular day, which might emanate from the rather doubtful authority of a murderer in Newgate. " These girls, as I have said, were all well dressed, and that phrase necessarily includes extreme cleanli- ness, They had serviceable bonnets, good warm cloaks, and shawls; and were not above clogs and pattens. Moreover, there were places in the mill in which they could deposit, these things without injury, and there were conveniences for washing. They were healthy in appearance, many of them remarkably so, and lifid the manners arid deportment of young women ; not of degraded brutes of burden. If I had seen in one of these mills ( but I did not, though I looked for something of this kind with a sharp eye), the most lisping, mincing, affected, and ridiculous young creature that my imagination could suggest, I should have thought of the careless, moping, slatternly, degraded, dull reverse ( 1 have seen that), and should have been still well pleased to look upon her. " The rooms in which they worked weie as well ordered as themselves. In the windows of some there were green plants, which were trained to shade the glass ; in all there was as much fresh air, cleanliness, and comfort, as the nature of the occupation would nossi bly ndibit of. Out of so large a number of females, many of whom were just only then verging upon womanhood, it may be reasonably supposed that some were delicate and fragile in appearance ; no doubt there were, lint 1 solemnly declare, that from all the crowd I saw in the different factories that day, I cannot recal a separate one young face that gave me a painful impression ; not one young girl whom, assuming it to be matter of necessity that she should gain her daily bread by the labour of her hands, I would have removed from those works if I had had the power. " They reside in various boat- ding houses near at hand. The owners of the mills are particularly care- ful to allow no persons to enter upon the possession of these houses, whose characters have not undergone the most searching and thorough inquiry. Any com- plaint that is made against them by the boarders, or by any one else, is fully investigated ; and if good ground of complaint be shown to exist against them, they sre removed, and their occupation is handed over to some more deserving person." After stating the astounding fact, that in July, 1841, nine hundred and seventy- eight of - these girls were depositors in the Lowell Savings Bank, to the amount jointly of 100,000 dollars, or £ 20,000 ( is it possible?) Mr. Dickens goes on to say— " I am now going to state three'facts, which will startle a large class of readers on this side of the Atlantic very much. " Firstly, there is a joint- stock piano in a great many of the boarding houses. Secondly, nearly nil these vonng ladies subscribe to circulating libraries. Thirdly, they have got up among themselves a peri odical called THE LOWELL OFFERING, ' A repositoiy of original articles, written exclusively by females actively employed in the mills,' which is duly printed, published, and sold; and whereof I brought away I'rOtu Lowell four hundred good solid pages, which I have read from beginning to end " The large class of readers, startled by these facts, wilfexclaim with one voice, ' How very preposterous 1' On mv deferentially inquiring why, they will answer, ' These things are above the r station.' In reply to that objection I would beg to ask what their station is ? " It is their station to work, and they do work. They labour in these mills, upon an average, twelve hours a day, which i.- unquestionably work, and pretty tight work too. Perhaps it is above their station to indulge in such amusements, on any terms. Are we quite sure that we in England have not formed our idens of the ' station ' of working people from accus- toming ourselves to the contemplation of that class as tlipy are, anil not as they might he? I think that, if Ave examine our own feelings, we shall find that the pianos, and the circulating libraries, and even the Lowell Offering, startle us by their novelty, and not by their beariiig^ npou any abstract question of right 01' wrong. " For myself I know no station in which the occu- pation Of to- day cheerfully done, and t'. ie'occupation of to- morrow'cheetfully looked to, any one of these pursuits is not most humanizing and laudable. I know no station which is rendered more endurable to the person in it, or more safe to the person out of it, by having ignorance for its associate. I know no station which has a right to monopolize the means of mutual instruction, improvement, and rational enter- tainment ; or which has ever continued to be a station very long, after seeking to do so." The description presents an unfavourable contrast, at first sight, with the state of things here, but Mr. Dickens truly says, that many of the circumstances whose strong influence has been at work in our man- ufacturing towns, have not arisen at Lowell, where there is in fact no manufacturing population strictly so called, for the girls come from other states, remain a few years in the mills, and then go borne for life. When the manufacturing interest of England shall be released from the shackles of a miserable and sordid legislation, we shall see whether the mora! amelioration of the operatives will not go band in hand with the improvement of their physical condition. STATISTICS OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA. The province of South Australia lies on the south coast of what was formerly called New Holland, between the 132nd arid 141st degrees of east longi- tude ; and, including the adjacent islands, extends inland to the 2St. li degree of south latitude. The area of South Australia comprises about three hundred thousand square miles, or one hundred and ninety- two millions of British acres; thus being nearly as large again as the whole of England, Ireland, and Scotland taken together. The quantity of land surveyed, up to the end of 1841, was 638,114 acres. Acres Surveyed During the First half of 1840, 12,601, at Is. 0| d. Second do. 89,641 at 0s. lOJd. First half 1841, 67,878 at 0s. 7 § d. Second do. 45,000 at Os. 3| d. Total, 328,529 acres, at an average cost of about 9fd. per acre, just half the contract price; or, inclu- ding superintendence and expense of office in town, the total expense would amount to one shilling per acre, for the last two years By returns made up to 30th June, 1841. Surveyed 589,114. Sold 258,649. There are thus upwards of 300,000 acres of land sur- veyed and open for selection, besides other immense tracts of land, commensurate with the wants arid wishes of any amount of population the mother country is capable of pouring in upon that colony for years yet to come, arid which may be made available " for pastoral and agricultural purposes, whenever the circumstances of the colony shall require it. These lands, when bought, are absolute freeholds— the titles are obtained direct from an officer appointed by the Crown, are granted under the authority of an Act of Parliament, and enrolled in a public register ; so that there can be no uncertainty as to the validity, of the titles, One important elemebt in determining the comparative value of lands, is their nearness to markets, and as implied in this, their accessibility by roads. From the general character of the country, very few natural obstructions to internal communica- tion exist; and great attention has been paid to forming roads, bridges, & c. Roads, of which the following is a summary, have branched out in all directions. Roads made practicable and open.. 155 miles Roads in progress 55 ,, Roads contemplated 152 ,, Total 358 miles. POPULATION RETURNS. A census of the population was taken at the com- mencement of 1841, and was published in the follow- ing form : — Census of the Municipality of Adelaide and Country Districts for the Year 1840. Adelaide. 3430 Males .... 3237 Females .... Total 6,667 Villages within the Municipality. 1021 Males .'... 911 Females .... Total 1,932. Country Districts. 3821 Males .... 2325 Females Total 6,146 Total Males 8,272 „ Females 6,473 14,745 The above table exhibits a return of 14,745, souls; but as no returns have been made from many remote districts, and as no allowance has been made for omissions, it is believed that the actual population of the province is not, at, this time, under 16,000 souls. The number of children in the province under seven years of age is not given in the above table, but they may set down at 3,000 ; and, in the past history of the colony, the births may be calculated at two- and- a- half per cent, above the deaths. The proportion of female's to males, is much greater in South Australia than in the neighbouring colonies — 11 circumstance not only favourable to an increase of population, but eminently conductive to domestic comfort, and preventive of vice. PUBLIC BUILDINGS. . The city of Adelaide, the capital of the province, and the seat, of Government, is situated on the eastern shore of St. Vincent's Gulf, in latitude 34" 57' south and in longitude 138° 38' east, being about six miles from the port, in a south easterly direction. The population of the city, including the villages within the Municipality, was 8,489 souls, according to the late census, but the increased attention to pastoral and agricultural pursuits, and the consequent departure of numbers for the country, bus probably reduced the population to between 6,000 and 7,000. The, number of houses, shops, stores, and other buildings, in the city, according to the return of the Town Surveyor, in May 1841, was 1,990, ( besides those contained in be villages within the Munici- pality,) capable of affording comfortable accomoda- tion to a population of 9,000 souls, and of yielding a sufficient sum for all the purposes of municipal govern- ment at a rate of sixpence in the pound. The public buildings in the city have been reared at much cos!, and in a style of much elegance and comfort, and are not, perhaps, surpassed by any erections of a similar kind in any part of the more modern colonies of the British Empire. TRINITY CHURCH,— This was the first public building of any importance erected in the colony. Its size and appearance bespeak the earnestness and zeal of the first settlers. Its style is somewhat Gothic, arid its form that of a cross, with a spire at its foot, under which is its principal entrance. It contains about six hundred sittings. GOVERNMENT HOUSE.— Although this building is but partially erected, it bears strong marks of solidity and durability, as also of the comfort it must afford to its inmates. BANK OF SOUTH AUSTRALIA.— The Bank of South Australia is situated on the southern side of North Terrace, and is in the Grecian Ionic style. The dwelling- bonseof the Manager, isattached, and is free from ornament, but neat and substantial. THE PUBLIC OFFICES.— These are situated in Victoria Square. This is the only building in the colony, the entire front of which is executed in wrought free- stone. It forms a quadrangle, the entrances to which are from the south and west. THE MUSIC SALOON.— This building was recently erected. Its front is a four columned portico, of the composite order, standing on a plain plinth. ST. JOHN'S CHURCH.— This is. in point of character and style as a building by far the best place of worship in the colony ; being in perfect keeping throughout. It is not yet completed, the interior fittings being only temporary. The cost of erection up to the present time, has been about £ 2,600. The length of the church, including the vestry room, is about: 86 feet, and the breadth 40 feet. INDHPENDKNT CHAPEL.— This a large and conveni- ent place of worship. The character arid comfort of the interior fittings are admirable, and would do credit to the mother country. The style of the front is Grecian, This building will accommodate about 600 persons. Its cost was about £ 3,000, exclusive of the ground, which was presented by John Brown, Esq. THE COMPANY'S BUILDINGS.— This is a range of four. shops in Rundle- street, of very ample dimensions, of three stories each, those at each end projecting slightly, and forming pedimented wings. The style is Roman, and the design lias a very good effect. " CVESLEYAN CHAPEL.— The principal Wesieyan Chapel is in Gawler- place. The front is a four columned pedimented portico in the Grecian Doric order. It was erected at a cost of about £ 2,000, and is capable of accommodating about 600 persons. The ground was presented by Edward Stephens Esq. THE BARRACKS.— This building was formerly known as Messrs. Flaxman and Rowland's store, but is now used as barracks. The style of the building is complete in all its parts, although ill itseif irregular. THE JAIL— This building is of very spacious di- mensions. It is but half finished, the design embra- cing similar towers on the south- west side to one at the north- east angle. The length of the south- east front is 500 feet; the Governor's residence forming the centre. TAVISTOCK BUILDINGS.— These are a range of fine houses, in Rundle- street. These houses have a pedi- meuted centre, with two wings, and are three storie-. high, with a large over- banging roof. Their appears anee is quite English. THE CLUB, HOUSE.— 1This is another erection of a very English appearance, and of very ample dimen- sions. It is quite central, being situated in Hindiey Street. THE SCOTS' CHURCH.— This building is only in the course of erection, It is situated in Gouger' Street, and belongs to the Scotch Presbyterian Secession body. BAPTIST CHAPEL.— This is situated in Hindiey Street, and was purchased from the Wesieyan Metho- dists for £ 530. It is a very convenient little Chapel, capable of holding about 150 persons. The whole of the sittings are free. THE ' THEATRE.— This a large and neat building, in Giltes' Arcade, is ti> e property of Messrs V. and E. Solomon, The fittings up are exceedingly neat. ( 2' o be Continued,) Every body was surprised and pleased while the Queen was in Scotland, at the punctuality with which her Majesty kepteveryappointme nt, and with theearly h uirs at, which the Sovereign got up in the morning. While at Drummond Castle the Queen rose at half- past six o'clock, and breakfasted at eight— chocolate, being the favourite beverage. A remarkable fact was mentioned at a late meeting of delegates at Manchester, by the secretary to that body, that upwards of 3,000,0002. had been expended by mechanics, during the last fifteen years, in an en- deavour to advance wages, and without success. TO CORRESPONDENTS. " Our Chatter Boxa letter on " the Alleged Decline of. Solid Learning,'' from D.; and several other communica- tions, are unavoidably deferred. We have received another letter from " Isaac Tomkins;" another letter from " A Special;" and a poetical " Epistle ' to Isaac Tomkins, by Sidrophel Seestar." These, and probably some other ** tit- bits " of " Sloaneana," shall appear next week, when ' Npddy " shall both bray and be brayed. THE HALIFAX FREE PRESS. POETRY. SELECTED. THE BEAUTIFUL WEST. A BALLAD. The words of this ballad are from the pen of a Lady re- siding in this neighbourhood j and it has been recently set to music by Mr. Alexander Lee, Composer and Director of music to Drury Lane Theatre. There is more real poetry in these two stanzas, than in many dozens of our modern ballads ; and the concluding thought is not only highly poetical, but has all the beauty and terseness of the. Greek Epigram, Oh ! wilt thou still love me the dearest and best, If I come to thy own smiling Land of the West! Wilt thou love me, when years have o'ershadowed my brow. And its beauty is dimmed, as thou lovest me now ? If I leave this dear home of mine own, shall I be All the world to thy bosom, as thou wilt to me ? And what though thy skies wear love's own changeful hue, They'll be sweet if thy love doth not change like them too Like the sun, when he rises in beauty and light, To chase far away the deep shadows of night, And dry up its tears; so, my love, would I be, To chase away sorrow and sadness from thee : And if their storm- showers should fall 011 my heart, Will thy smile be the sunshine to bid them depart ? Oh ! if my sweet home I should find on thy breast, I would haste, like the sun, to the beautiful West. WHAT IS TRUTH ? Truth is & flower, which rears its lovely form, Unscath'd amid the raging of the storm; No withering blast its beauty can impair ; It blooms in every clime and season fair. Truth is a gem, which like a beaming star. Emits a Hood of streaming lustre far ; When kingly crowns this ornament possess, Its heavenly light the happy nations bless. Truth is a sun, whose uncreated ray, Diffuses o'er the mind the light of day Its pow'rful beams the darksome shades dispel, Where only Ignorance and Error dwell. Truth is a lump to guide the pilgrim's feet, Till he, in safety, reaeh the blissful seat; That he may shun the dangers of the ro id, Which onward leads to happiness aud God. Truth is a mine in the celestial plain, Where he who digs, true riches will obtain ; More precious far than heaps of glittering ore, Which all may have, and yet may covet more. Truth is a shaft of all- prevailing force ; Not shields of adamant can stay its course: The torments of remorse it can impart. And sink dismay in ev'ry guilty heart. Truth is an index pointing to the skies, Which all may see, the simple and the wise It shows to all, the mansions of the blest, And guides the weary trav'ller to his rest. Truth is a voice, ( mysterious though it be) Revealing life and immortality ; It speaks without respect to age and youth— That voice is GOD, for GOD himself IS Truth. Halifax. J. G. OUR SCRAP BOOK. " A thing of Shreds and Patches." MAGPIES.— Charles Water ton, Esq. of Walton Hall, near Wakefield, in his very interesting " Essays on Natural History," relates the following humourous story of the capture, of a notorious poacher by the in tervention of these birds:—" Three years ago, at eleven o'clock in broad day, I was at the capture of one of the most expert and desperate marauders that ever scourged this of the country. He had an noyed me for a length of time, and was so exceedingly cunning, that, when we went in pursuit of him, he always contrived to escape, either by squatting down in the thick cover of the woods, or by taking himself off in time, when he saw us approach. At last he owed his capture to the Magpies. We were directed to the place of his depredations by the incessant cliat- terings of these birds in the tops of the trees, just over the spot where lie was working iu his vocation He bad banged fourteen hares ; and the ground was so covered with brambles and brushwood, that, when we surprised him, he told us that we never should have found him, had it not been for the cursed magpies, His name was Kirk. In the course of the following summer he set out on his travels towards New South Wales, at the King's expense; havingbeen convicted at the York Assizes of an over- weening inclination for his neighbours' mutton, to which he had helped him- self most abundantly." METHODS OF DESTROYING TIGERS.— Some ingeni- ous methods of destroying wild beasts are described in Captain Williamson's " Oriental Sports,"— a book which has more in: eresting facts in it than many a graver work upon India. He tells us that, " When the track of a tiger has been ascertained,— which though not invariably the same, may yet be known sufficiently for the purpose,— the peasants collect a quantity of the leaves of the prauss, which are like those of the sycamore, and are common in most un- derwoods, as they form the larger portion of most jungles in the north of India. The leaves are then smeared with a species of bird- lime, made by bruis- ing the berries of an indigenous tree, by no means scarce. They are then strewed, with thegluten upper most, near that opaque spot to which it is under- stood the tiger usually resorts during the noon- tide heats. If by chance the animal should tread on one of the smeared leaves, his fate may be considered as decided. He commences by shaking bis paw, with the view to remove Ibe adhesive incumbrance; but finding no relief from that expedient, he rubs the nui- sance against his face, with the same intention ; by which means, his eyes, ears, & c. become agglutinated, and occasion him such uneasiness as causes him to roll, perhaps among many more of the smeared leaves, till at length be becomes completely enveloped, and is deprived of sight. In this situation, he may be compared to a man who has been tarred and feathered. The anxiety produced by this strange and novel pre- dicament, soon discovers itself in dreadful bowlings, which serve to call the watchful peasants, who, iu this state, find no difficulty iu shooting the mottled object of detestation." Another method of destroying tigers is said to be common in Persia, and towards the north of Hindostan. " This device," says Captain William- son, " consists of a large seinispherical cage, made of strong bamboos, or other efficient materials, woven together, but leaving intervals, throughout, of about three or four inches broad. Under this cover, which is fastened to the ground by means of pickets, in some place where tigers abound, a man, provided with two or three short strong spears, takes post at night. Being accompanied by a dog, which gives the alarm, or by a goat, which by its agitation answers the same purpose, the adventurer wraps himself up in his quilt, and very composedly goes to sleep, in full confidence of his safety. When a tiger comes, and perhaps, after smelling all around, begins to rear against the cage, the man stabs him with one of the spears, through the interstices of the wicker work, and rarely fails of destroying the tiger, which is ordinarily found dead, at no great distance, in the morning." ELECTIONEERING IN THE UNITED STATES.— The political canvassing in America does not descend to the English practice of personally waiting 011 the poorest voters, iu their houses, shaking hands with them as perfect equals, flattering their wives, and kissing their little children, and then soliciting the favour of the individual's vote. The practice here is confined to the visiting certain towns and districts, by appointment, throughout the state ; there making a public statement of principles, and opinions on the great political topics of the day ; and then leaving the voters to decide for themselves. The labour and ex- pense of such a canvass are, however, very great; as, in this State of Tennessee, which is nearly as large in area as England, the candidates for the governship had already travelled upwards of 2000 miles ; and it was thought that it would require a journey of at least 1000 miles more, before they would have traversed the length and breadth of the land.— Buckingham's Slave States of America. AMERICAN ENTHUSIASM FOR ENGLAND.— A Gen- eral Summer talked to me enthusiastically about England, and General Dearborne was warm in his expression of good feeling towards us. He appears a most talented aud well informed person, with the frank and open bearing of a soldier. He touched 011 the sympathizers and their despicable deeds, on our late border feuds, and on the friendship existing be- tween General Scott and Sir John Harvey, with some well- timed praises of the latter. I cannot recollect; nor, if I could, have I time or space to enumerate, one half of the persons I conversed with ; but all, both male and female, I again repeat, seemed anxious to make out a pedigree connecting them with Old England, towards which they universally expressed the warmest regard and attachment.— Colonel Max- well's Run through the United States. INGENIOUS WAY OFESCAPING FROM WILD ANIMALS — 111 the Spanish bull fights, when one of the men on foot is closely pursued by the bull, he drops his cloali immediately before the animal, who continues to vent his fury upon it long enough for the man to escape. This lure never fails to succeed ; and the fact, if gen- erally known, might prevent so^ ne dangerous acci dents in this country. Joinville, in bis " Memoirs relative to the history of France, " says that the lion may be deceived in the same manner, and that some knights of Norone, knowing this, hunted lions in Syria very successfully. The bear may still more easily be lured. Some of our travellers in Iceland say that, if a glove be thrown to a bear, he will not leave, it till lie has turned the fingers inside out. In those countries where the peasants are liable to frequent rencontres with these animals, it would certainly be good policy always to perform the cere • mony of throwing the gluve before the combat. Against this beast, who is fond of coming to close quarters, a good hint might be borrowed from the ballad of the Dragon of Wantley. Bruin's hug would prove fatal to himself, if, at the moment when he would else be victorious, he should embrace a Moore- of Moore- hall jerkin. In the poor man, walking through our streets, with haggard countenance and tottering step, we ought to see something greater than all the opulence and splendour which surround him. O11 this foundation of respect for every mind, are built all social duties, and none can be thoroughly performed without it.— Channing. There are several kinds of punishment made use of among the natives of Africa, the most horrible of which is that of the ant- tree. If a felon commits any great offence, he. is made fast by the arms and legs to a tree infested with ants, which soon cover his body, and pierce him with holes ; and in this dreadful state he continues, the vermin working their way deeper and deeper, till death puts an end to his sufferings. DISTINCTION WITH AND WITHOUT A DIFFERENCE. — Distinction v/ itb a difference : " I have no objection," said a leveller, " that the ranks below me should be preserved just as they are now, but I wish to have none above ; and that is my notion of a fair and per- fect equality." An instance of the distinction without a difference was offered by the Irishman, who, having legs of different sizes, ordered his boots to be made accordingly. His directions were obeyed; but as he put the smallest booton his largest leg, lie exclaimed, petulantly, " Confound the fellow '. I ordered him to make one larger than the other ; and instead of that, he has made one smaller than the other." THE MIGRATION OF BIRDS.— The|! subject of mi- gration is a difficult one, and is by no means fully understood. It is not the physical power of flight, but the power which guides thatjflight to the far- dis- tant home of the swallow, which is above our appre- hension. The bird that leaves our shores in autumn, will return in spring, after traversing hundreds of miles, to the same eaves, ami build on the same spot. We may call it " instinct;" hut a word to which so many meanings are attached, is too indefinite to give any information. The same faculty which, with un- erring precision, directs the swallow, is manifested, though in a less degree, by other animals. Numer- ous instances have been recorded of cats returning to places to which they were attached, although they had been carried miles away, in close or in dark confine- ment. Kirby and Spence, in their " Introduction to Entomology," state that an ass returned two hundred miles, by an inland route, to a place from which it had been shipped. Dogs have accomplished the same feat. These were a'l evidently directed by the same mysterious faculty,— a faculty which, though evi- dently given to most animals, has been denied to man, and cannot, therefore, be correctly appreciated by him. WITCHES.— King James assigns, in his Dsemonol- ogy, a curious reason why there were twenty women given to witchcraft, for one man. " The reason is easy," says this sagacious monarch ; " for, as that sex is frailer than man, so is it easier to be entrapped in these gross snares of the divell, as was over well proved to be true, by the Serpent's deceiving of Eva at the beginning; which makes him the homelier with that sex sensine." His Majesty, in this work, quaintly calls the devil, " God's ape and hangman." Witch is derived from the Dutch witchelen, which signifies whinnying and ne< ghincr like a horse ; and, in a secondary sense, to foretel or prophecy : because the Germans, as Tacitus informs us, used to divine and foretel things to come, by the whinnying and neighing of their horses. His words are hinnitu et fremitu. READING.— Those that cannot themselves observe, can at least acquire the observation. of others. These are, indeed, shadows ; but by watching these shadows we learn tnat there are substances.— D'Israeli the Younger. A DISAGREEABLE HYPOTHESIS.— Two persons were once engaged in an argument. " Suppose," said one of them, " that you owe me two thousand crowns." " I wish," replied the other, " that you would suppose some other hypothesis." ENGLISH VOCALISTS.— It is the custom among many of our native critics, infected with foreign fop- pery, to talk slightly of our English singers. If they praise them, it is with an affectation of good- humoured indulgence;— as much as to say— ' Ah, yes— verv well, considering ;— not at all amiss for an Englis • itiger." It is not thus, however, that the highest Continental authorities speak of our English vocalists. Weber, in one of his charming letters to his wife, written from London on the eve of the production of his Oberon, said :—" And now, my dear love, I can assure you that you may be quite at ease both as to the simrers and the orchestra. Miss Paton is a singer of the first rank, and will play Reiza divinely. Bra- bam not less so, though in a totally different style. There are also several good tenors ; and 1 really can- not see w hy the English singing should be so much abused. The singers have a perfectly good Italian education, fine voices, and expression In short, I feel quite at ease as to the fate of Oberon." The opinion ofSpohr, too, has been expressed much more emphatically than in words, by his having entrusted to English singers, and an English orchestra, U\ e first performance of the three greatest of his works, The Last Judgment, 1 he Crucifixion, and The Fall of Babylon.— Maimer's Musical Times. " The relief of human suffering," says Dr. Alison, with equal truth and beauty, " is a sacred duty, written from the beginning on the hearts of men, enforced by the positive precepts of the Gospel, and which no nation can violate or neglect with impu- nity. It is the duty, then, of those who take the lead in directing the movements of society, and in govern- ing men, either to provide, as far as possible, for the mitigation of woe, or to take such steps as may ap- pear on the whole most likely to prevent the recur- rence of extraordinary distress and agitation. The Morning Chronicle says with great truth—" It is quite obvious that if the provision of increased em- ployment foi our people is matter of urgent necessity, and if such increased employment is oniv to be looked for as the result of an increased foreign de- mand for our manufactures, the most obvious remedy for us to have recourse to, is the removal of every unnecessary obstacle to our foreign trade. If we have reason to believe that foreigners would take more of our manufactures, were we 10 take their produce in return more steadily, we are periling the best interests of the country by a most culpable folly, if we allow prejudice or class interest to prevent our permitting the utmost development of trade with any foreign country, that would thus find our people the means of obtaining an honest subsistance. Free trade seems, therefore, the most obvious and certain remedy for the distress of our labouring population. A steady trade with the United States in corn and other provisions, with Brazil in sugar, and with the Batlic in timber, would employ all the hands now un- employed, and create a demand for the labour even of a much iucreased population. With the growth of population in this country, there wouljl occur a simultaneous, and, in all likelihood at least, an equal growth of the population of those countries, a con- stant developement of further resources, and further demand for our manufactures, and consequently a constant extension of employment for our people." HALIFAX:— Printed and Sold, for the Proprietors, at the General George Yard.