No. 690. SATURDAY, AUGUST 25, 1838. PRICE 4~ kd BIRMINGHAM ROYAL SCHOOL OF MEDI- CINE AND SURGERY. THE ANNUAL MEETING of the Governors and Friends of this Institution will be held on Wednesday next, August 29th. The chair to be taken at one o'clock precisely. WILLIAM SANDS COX, F. R. S, Hon. Secretary. Committee Room, August 22,1838. T 5th. BIRMINGHAM AND EDGBASTON PROPRIETARY SCHOOL. WANTED, for the Junior Classes in the above School, an ASSISTANT MASTER, accustomed to Tuition, and capable of teaching Arithmetic and the Elements of Geometry. Applications to be made, before Saturday, the 1st of Sep- tember next, to the Honorary Secretary, Bennett's- hill, Birmingham. J. C. BARLOW, Honorary Secretary. Committee- room, August 16th, 1838. BIRMINGHAM WATER WORKS COMPANY. TO COAL DEALERS. THE DIRECTORS of the Birmingham Water Works Company are desirous of receiving TENDE RS for the supply of BEST ENGINE SLACK, to be de- livered on to their Wharf, at Aston juxta Birmingham, for the space of one year. Samples to be sent if required. The Tenders to be forwarded ( post paid ) to the Company's Office, Old Square, on or before TUESDAY, the 4th day of September next, and marked— Tenders for Coals. By Order of the Board, J. ARNALL, Clerk to the Company. Committee- room, August 22, 1838. BIRMINGHAM AND STAFFORDSHIRE GAS- LIGHT COMPANY. " YTOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN, that a General JA Assembly of the Proprietors of the Birmingham and Staffordshire Gas- Light Company, incorporated by act of Parliament, will be holden at Dee's Royal Hotel, Temple- row, Birmingham, in the county of Warwick, on TUESDAY, the 28th day of August instant, at eleven for twelve o'clock precisely, when and where the several proprietors are de- sired to attend, either in person or by proxy, every such proxy being a proprietor in the said undertaking, pursuant to the directions of the said act. By order of the Directors, JOSEPH ROLLASON, Clerk to the Company. Office, Square, Birmingham, August 16, 1838. THE GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY. PURSUANT to an act passed in the third year of the reign of his late Majesty, intituled " An act for making a Railway from the Warrington and Newton Rail- way, at Warrington, in the cjunty of Lancaster, to Birm- ingham, in the county of Warwick, to be called the ' Grand Junction Railway,"' and the several other acts relating to the said Railway, notice is hereby given, that the Di- rectors acting in execution of the said acts, have, pursuant to the provisions thereof, made a call of the sum of £ 10, in respect of every share of £ 50, in the said undertaking; and have ordered that such call be paid to Messrs. Moss and Company, bankers, Liverpool, or, on their account, to Messrs. Barclay, Tritton, Bevan. and Company, bankers, London; or to the Birmingham Banking Company, Bir- mingham; on or before the 17th day of September next; and the several proprietors of such £ 50 shares are required to pay such call accordingly. Dated at Liverpool this 22nd day of August, 1838. J. SWIFT, Clerk of the Company. SOUTH WESTERN RAILWAY. HOLDERS of Shares are informed that a Second Dividend, of Three Shillings and Four- pence per Share, will be paid on Monday the 20th, and Monday the 27th, instant, and on Monday the 3rd, and Monday the 10th September, between the hours of ten and four. Parties applying for the dividend must produce and leave their Scrip certificates or Banker's receipts, for which ac- knowledgments will be given in exchange. Shareholders who have not hitherto presented their Scrip are requested to do so, as the office will speedily be closed, By order of the Committee, PHILIP D. SOUPER, Secretary. 5, John- street, Adelphi, 15th August, 1838. GEORGE FOX, Surgeon- Dentist, respectfully informs his friends and the public that he has entered on his profession in its various branches, and trusts, by strict attention, combined with his practical knowledge, to secure their confidence. 37, Paradise- street, Birmingham, 8th month, 18th, 1833. CROSS GARDENS, ASTON. MONDAY, Aug. 27, ASHLEY'S MAGNIFI- CENT DISPLAY OF FIREWORKS, GRAND MASQUERADE, and FANCY BALL, with a variety of novel amusements, under the superintendence of Mr. H. HOGG, principal Machinist to the Theatre Royal. Dancing, under the direction of Mr. W. RIGNOLD, of the Theatre Royal, for which a first rate Quadrille Band is engaged. A spacious booth has been erected expressly for the occasion, which will be splendidly illuminated. QUEEN'S HOTEL, CHELTENHAM. RICHARD L1DDELL HAS the honour to express his grateful thanks to the Nobility and Gentry for the distinguished patronage extended to him at the Clarence Hotel, and begs to inform them, that, for their better accommodation, he has engaged the above New Hotel, which, having been erected and fur uished in a style of superior elegance and comfort, is now OPEN for the reception of Visitors. THE QUEEN'S HOTEL is situated on rising ground, occu- pying the site of the Imperial Pump Room, and within view of the High Street; the dryness of the soil, the salu- brity of the air, and the beauty of the surrounding scenery being unrivalled. THE ESTABLISHMENT consists of a Private Hotel, Table d'Hote, and Coffee Room, the arrangements and appoint- ments of which are complete and efficient throughout. With the superior accommodation of the QUEEN'S HOTEL, R. LIDDELL pledges himself rigidly to adhere to his former moderate rate of Charges in respect to Living. THE KITCHEN DEPARTMENT is perfect in all its arrange ments, and will enable the head Cook to support his long established reputation. R. L.' s large stock of OLD WINE has been carefully remo ved to the cellars of the NEW HOTEL, which are arched, and of great extent, and his arrangements with the first Foreign Houses secure the excellency of his future supplies. THE STABLE DEPARTMENT, though in immediate commu- nication with the house, is separated by a spacious Garden and Plantation. The Stalls and Loose Boxes are lofty and roomy, and the Lockup Coach Houses are upon a very extensive scale. A STUD of SUPERIOR POST HORSES has been selected, and particular care taken in appointing steady und experienced Drivers. R. L. has also provided several new, elegant, and roomy FLYS, which will be in constant attendance; likewise superior LANDAUS, CHARIOTS, & c. & C. GLOUCESTER MUSICAL FESTIVAL. HE BALLOT for SECURED SEATS will take place at the BELL HOTEL, on WEDNESDAY, September NOTE The whole of the amount of the tickets applied for, must be paid before the ballot takes place After the ballot, tickets for secured and other seats to be had of Mr. Jew, Westgate- street, and the principal booksellers. Persons residing at a distance, and being desirous of securing places, by intimating the number required, by Utter, post- paid, addressed to Mr. Amott, Cloisters, and remitting, at the same time, the amount, may rely upon having the same advantage of choice exercised in their be- half, as if they were present in person. SOUTH AUSTRALIAN PACKET SHIPS, To be despatched from Liverpool every second Month. On 10th September, FLYHE beautiful Ship ORLEANA, 668 tons per re- A gister, ALEXANDER CAMERON, Commander; British built; only three years old ; and altogether one of the fastest and finest ships in the kingdom. Her accommodations for passengers are splendid. This vessel will call at Teneriffe and Kangaroo Island. She carries an experienced Surgeon and is now loading in Prince's Dock. On 25th October, The new Ship SUSAN, 577 tons per register, JOHN YOUNG, Commander. For freight or passage ( early application is necessary) apply to JAMES WADDELL and Co., London, Agents for the Sale of Lands to Her Majesty's Commissioners in South Australia; or to WM. WADDELL, 3, India- buildings, Liverpool; Or, H. W. ROLLASON, Steelhouse- lane, Birmingham. THE TOWN HALL, BIRMINGHAM. MORI'S CONCERT. SPLENDID combination of talent from Her Ma- jesty's Theatre, London. MADAME GIULIETTA GRISI, ( The far- famed Prima Donna of the Italian Opera House, London,) who will on this occasion sing some of her most celebrated Airs, and, with Madame ALBBRTAZZI, one of those magnificent Duets which created so much excite- ment and interest in the musical circles of London. MADAME ALBERTAZZI, The celebrated Prima Donna of Her Majesty's Theatre. SIGNOR IVANOFF, The celebrated Tenor Singer of Her Majesty's Theatre. SIGNOR F. LABLACHE, JUNIOR, The eminent Basso Cantante of the Opera Buffo. SIGNOR VERCELLINI, The favourite Tenor of the Nobility's Concerts, London. MR. MORI, Leader of Her Majesty's Theatre and of the London Concerts. By the kind permission of Col. TOWNSEND, THE ADMIRABLE BAND OF THE FOUR TEENTH DRAGOONS Will perform several admired Overtures. CONDUCTOR— MR. LAVENU, of Her Majesty's Theatre. Mr. MORI, anxious to provide for the public the highest Musical Entertainment that can be procured, has great pleasure in being enabled to announce, that he has had the good fortune to prevail upon the above Splendid Aitists to visit the principal towns, daring the short interval prior to their departure to fulfil their engagement at the Theatre Italien at Paris, and that in consequence he will give a GRAND CONCERT, On Monday, the 3rd of September next, to commence at eight o'clock precisely. The programme will consist of selections from the Operas which have created so great a sensation in London -.— Lucia di Lammermoor, Falstaff, I Puritani, L'Elisir D' Amore, Cenerentola, Marino Faliero, Scaramuccia, Malek Adel, Anna Bolena, Sonnambula, La Gazza, Ladra, Otello, & c. Plans of the hall may be inspected at Messrs. MUNDEN and CAMERON'S music warehouse, New street, where re- served seats may be secured. Tickets to the reserved seats 7s., to the great gallery 5s., and to the floor of the hall 4s., to be had at the music warehouses of Messrs. MUNDEN and CAMERON, 70, New- street; Mr. FLETCHER, Temple- row; Mr. FLAVELL, Ben- nett's- hill ; and Mr. SIIARGOOL, Union- street. ITALIAN OPERAS. THEATRE ROYAL, BIRMINGHAM. Splendid combination of talent, for one night only, from Her Majesty's Thealre, London. MADAME GIULIETTA GRISI, ( The far- famed Prima Donna.) MADAME ALBERTAZZI, ( The celebrated Prima Donna.) SIGNOR IVANOFF, ( The celebrated Tenor Singer.) SIGNOR F. LABLACHE, JUNIOR, ( The eminent Basso of the Opera Buffo.) SIGNOR VERCELLINI, ( Of the Nobilities' Concerts, London.) MR. MORI, ( Leader of Her Majesty's Theatre.) MR. MORI, in addition to the preceding perfor- mance, respectfully announces bis intention of pre- senting the following popular ITALIAN OPERAS, with scenery and dresses, interspersed with CONCERTS of favourite Vocal and Instrumental Music. The Performance will take place on Saturday, September 8th, at half- past Seven o'clock precisely, when will be pre- sented, witii scenery and dresses, compressed into one act Bellini's celebrated Opera, entitled I PURITANI, After which will be performed a CONCERT, in which Mr. MORI will play iome of his most favourite Solos, and a Concertante Duet for Violin and Piano- forte, with Mr. LAVENU; Mad. ALBERTAZZI, Signori IVANOFF, F. LABLACHE, JUN., and VERCELLINI will sing sevfral admired pieces; and Mad. G. GRISI and Mad. ALBERTAZZI will sing together one of their most splen- did Duets. To be followed by the most favourite Scenes from Rossini's admired Opera, LA CENERENTOLA. And to conclude with the last scene of Donizetti's serious Opera, ANNA BOLENA. Leader, Mr. MORI. Conductor, Mr. LAVENU. Prices of admission— Boxes 7s., Upper Boxes 5s., Pit 3s., Gallery 2s., Private Boxes, to admit four, £ 2. 2s.; to admit six, £ 3. 3s. Boxes and places to be secured at the Box Office of the Theatre. g! « l » IMPORTANT NOTICE. ARTIFICIAL TEETH SUPPLIED, AND DECAYED TEETH RESTORED. MONS. DE BERRI and CO., SURGEON DEN- TISTS, 17, EASY- ROW, Birmingham, and 121, Re- gent- street, London, most respectfully acquaint theirfriends and the public, that, in consequence of their improvements in the mechanical department of Dentistry, they are enabled to supply ARTIFICIAL TEETH without Pain, Springs,. Wires, or Ligatures, at the following reduced scale:— Filling a Decayed Tooth with Mineral Sili- ceum £ 0 2 6 A Single Artificial Tooth ™ . 0 5 0 A complete Set . 4 0 0 A complete set of Natural Teeth ™ . 10 10 0 An entire set of Natural Teeth, highly finished in the first style, with fine gold sockets, ( usually charged forty guineas) „.„,„.. 20 0 0 Mons. DE BERRI and Co. continue to RESTORE DECAYED TEETH with their celebrated MINERAL SILICE UM, applied without pain, heat, or pressure, which in a few seconds hardens into enamel, preventing and curing the Tooth- Ache, allaying in one minute the most ex • cruciating pain, and renderinu the operation of extraction unnecessary, they also FASTEN LOOSE TEETH, whether arising from neglect, the use of calomel, or any othercause. SCURVY of ttie GUM EFFECTUALLY CURED and PREVENTED. 17, Easy- row, Birmingham. Igjjp One of the above firm may be consulted daily, for a limited period, at 46, FOREGATE STREET, WORCESTER. HOME MADE WINES. nPHE peculiar adaptation of BETT'S PATENL BRANDY to JL the improvement of British Wines, has long induced con- noisseurs to adopt it in preference to any other spirit.— The harshness incident to all Home Made Wines, and which, until the introduction of this celebrated Spirit in 1829, age alone could correct, is entirely avoided, and a maturity and mellowness imparted to the Wines which the Patent Brandy is so famed for producing. The Distillery, No. 7, SMITHFIELD BARRS, LONDON, is the only Establishment of J. T. BELTS & Co. The Agents appointed for this district of country are Mr. JOHN SKELTON. Mr. Thomas Durham ... Mr. John Dell Mr. C. S. Clarke Mr. George Jull Mrs. Elizabeth Biddle ™ Mr. Thomas Cook Mr. Hugh Martin Mr. Henry Pointer ™ ™ Mr. James H. Lockyer from whom, respectively, the Patent Brandy may be ob- tained, either pale or coloured, on the same terms as at the Distillery, viz., for quantities not less than Two Gallons, Eighteen Shillings per Imperial Gallon, of the highest legal strength, for cash on delivery. Birmingham. Lichfield. Coventry. Wolverhampton. Leamington. Stourbridge. Worcester. Tewkesbury. Cheltenham. PRESIDENT. SIR JOHN WHALE. GRAND CONCERT, IN THE TOWN HALL, BIRMINGHAM. MR. HOLLINS HAS the honour to announce that his FIRST BE- NEFIT CONCERT is fixed for the Evening ol THURSDAY, AUGUST 30. PATRON, His Royal Highness the DUKE of CAMBRIDGE. Principal Vocal Performers, MISS BIRCH, Who will on this occasion sing the following Songs: " O Love! for me thy power," BELLINI. " Mad Bess," ™ . PCRCELL. " Lo! here the gentle Laik," ™ . ™ . BISHOP. MISS HOLMES, Who will perform two of her greatest pieces, viz. : — " Ah, s'estinto ancor," MEKCADENTE. AND " O bid your faithful Ariel fly," LINLEV. She will also Sing, with Miss BIRCH, the Duet of " One rosy smile." MR. BAKER, MR. PEARSALL, MR. MACHIN. AND SIGNOR LABLACHE, Who will perform his three greatest efforts:— " Sanctum et terribile," PERGOLESI. " Largo al Factotum," . ROSSINI. And the Duet, with Mr. MACHIN, " Suone la trombe," ,„ BELLINI. Leader of the Band, M R. HENRY SHARGOOL. Conductor, MR. MUNDEN. At the Organ, MR. HOLLINS. Tickets to the Floor 29. 6d., and to the Great Gallery 4s., to be had at all the Music Shops, and the principal Book- sellers. In consequence of the great demand for reserved places, it is found necessary to reserve a considerable portion of the President's Gallery. Plans of the Hall may be inspected at Messrs. ALLEN and LYON'S, Bennett's- hill, where reserved places may be secured. TOWN HALL, BIRMINGHAM. MONDAY EVENING NEXT, the 21th of August. MR. STRAUSS, ( the celebrated Waltz Composer, from Vienna) has the honour to announce to the Nobility, Gentry, Inhabitants, and Visitors of Birmingham and its Vicinity, and likewise all Lovers of Music, that he has made arrangements to give ONE GRAND EVENING CONCERT, ON THE ABOVE EVENING, • On which occasion, his UNRIVALLED BAND will perform some of the most favourite Quadrilles, Waltzes, Galops, and Overtures, which they performed at the six State Balls and two Concerts, given by Her Majesty the Queen, at Buckingham Palace, at the Courts of Austria, Prussia, Frunce, Holland, and Belgium. PROGRAMME— PART R. Overture ( Massaniello) Auber. Elizabeth ( Waltz) Strauss. Fantasie pour flute, composed and executed ™ Frisch. Paris Carnival ( Galoppe) Strauss. Lea Bouquets, ™ ™ . ™ . Strauss. PART II, Overture ( Pie aux Clercs) ™ ™ . Herold. Ball Rakatten Waltz Strauss. Introduction, Siege de Corinth _ ™ Rossini. Favourite Quadrille Dufren. Telegraph Musicale, Grand Pot Pourri Strauss. The Tickets will be on sale at all the Music Shops on Saturday and Monday next. Reserved Seats, Side Gallery, 5s. Front Gallery, 3s. Ground Floor, 2s. The Plan of the Reserved Seats will lie at Mr, Fletch er's Music Warehouse, 31, Temple- row, where seats can be secured. Doors open at a Quarter past Seven, and to commence at Eight o'clock. This is the only Concert Mr. Strauss can give, having to leave Birmingham on Tuesday morning to fulfil his other engagements. FIRST REPORT TO THE INSURERS IN THE NORWICH UNION LIFE OFFICE. THE REFEREES, appointed at the Meeting held at Norwich, the 30th ot November last, avail them- selves of the earliest possible period of laying before the Insurers the result of their inquiry into the Assets and Liabilities of the Office. They had hoped to have done this before, but the extent of the business of the Society, and a desire on the part of the Referees thoroughly to ascertain the true position of the office, has caused the delay. Although the time and attention of the Referees have been devoted to the examination of the affairs of the society generally, their primary object has been to ascertain the ex- tent of its Engagements and amount of Assets, and they are thankful in being able to state, that they have every reason to believe the interests of the assured are perfectly secure. In arriving at this conclusion, which has not been formed hastily, the Referees would state that they have availed them selves of the talents und experience of one of the first and most scientific Actuaries* in England, who has made a most elaborate and searching investigation into every branch of the Life Insurance and Annuity Contracts, and by whom the values of all the Insurances for Life, for Annuities, and for Contingencies have been computed. The Referees consider themselves also justified in stating their belief that the interests of the Insurers will be amply protected by the present scale of premiums. They do not, however, feel themselves authorised, at this stage of their proceedings, to say whether any bonus ought to be now added to the Policies, but they firmly believa that, with proper caution in the investment of the funds ot the society, and due regard to economy in the management of its affairs, a handsome bonus will at no distant period be declared. The Referees are now engaged in investigating, with the assistance of an Accountant of great practical experience and ability, the Accounts of the society, in order to report fully thereon, and to compile, from the past experience of the office, various documents, which will enable them, by a comparison with similar establishments, to offer such sug- gestions for improvement in its future management as may appear best suited to protect the interest of the Insurers. So many weighty considerations, however, arise, and so many prospects of improvement open to the Referees, as they continue their investigation, that some time must yet elapse before they are in a condition to leport fully OH the past, or are enabled to submit in form their recommendations and suggestions as to the future management; but they are strengthened in a belief that they > lmll not by this delay be lessened in the confidence hitherto placed in the sincerity of their wishes to maintain the Norwich Union Life Office in a poiition to deserve and to enjoy the fullest share of public support- The Referees desire further to state, that the Deed of Settlement, with the Bye- laws proposed at the General Meeting in November, and the alterations since suggested by several gentlemen in London holding Policies in the society, are now in the hands of an eminent Conveyancer, with a view to his fiaming such Bye- laws as may be best calculated to promote and to protect the general interests of the Policy- holders and Insurers. CHARLES FAREBROTIIER, TIMOTHY STEWARD, FRANCIS LLOYD. Norwich, August 11, 1838. * The Actuary referred to is Mr. Galloway, Actuary to the Ami- cable Life Office, and the result of his calculations is entirely con- confirmed by Mr. J. M. Rainbow, of the Crown Life Assurance Company; Mr, Davies, of the Guardian Life Assurance Company ; aud Mr. George Kirkpatrick, of the Law Life Assurance Society. RGLHE MARK- LANE EXPRESS is the largest JL Agricultural and Commercial Journal in the united kingdom. It is published every Monday evening in time for Post, and will be found invaluable in the present state of fluctuation and excitement in the Corn Trade. In authen- ticity and extent of Market Information the MARK- LANE EXPRESS stands unrivalled as a medium of communication to al! interested in Grain, Wool, Malt, Hops, Seed, Flour, Provisions, & c The Reports, Country Fairs, Smithfield and other Cattle Markets, Agricultural Meetings, and Monthly Reports, are full and comprehensive, being obtain- ed from nearly exclusive sources. May be had, by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen. Office, 24, Noifolk- stieet, Strand, London. BARTER. HA. DONALDSON has now on hand samples of • PORT and SHERRY WINES of superior quality, a large stock of which he is commissioned to EX- CHANGE, on liberal terms, for any description of goods suitable for a foreign market. Upholstery Manufactory, 19, Upper Temple- street, Bir- mingham. N. B— An immediate application ( for further particulars) is respectfully solicited. T1HE FREEMASONS' and GENERAL LIFE ASSURANCE COMPANY, ( uniting the advantages of a Mutual Association with the security of a Proprietary Company,) No. 11, Waterloo- place, Pall Mall, London. Capital, £ 500,000, in 25,000 Shares, of £ 20 each. Deposit, £ 1 per Share. A Share, not exceeding one- tenth, of the profits will be annually applied to such benevolent purposes, connected with Freemasonry, as the United Grand Lodge of England shall approve. PATRONS. The Rt. Hon. the Earl DIGBY The Rt. Hon. the Earl of MEXBOROUGH The Rt. Hon. Lord RE AY The Rt. Hon. Lord SALTOUN The Rt. Hon. CHARLES TENNYSON D'EYNCOURT, M. P. General Sir JOSEPH O'H ALLORAN, K. C. B. DIRECTORS. Colonel HENRY DUNDAS CAMPBELL, Chairman. William Cumming, Esq. Frederick Dodsworth, Esq. James Jephson, Esq. William King, Esq. Geo. Go! dsmithKirby, Esq. Richard Alex. Price, Esq. James Stephenson, Esq. Capt. Wm. Spencer Webb BANKERS. The London and Westminster Bank. MEDICAL ADVISERS. H. U. Thomson, Esq., M. D. Thomas King, Esq., Maddox- street, LEGAL ADVISERS. Sir Frederick Pollock, M. P. William Hayes, Esq. ADDRESS TO CAPITALISTS. Experience has shown that there is no more secure or profitable way of investing capital than in Life Assurance Companies. So great, indeed, were the gains of the earlier companies, that, in the space of a few years only, the various sub divisions of society, such as the Medical, Legal, Naval, and Military, have each formed its own peculiar Life Assur- ance Association, on the well founded expectation of sharing in their enormous profits. The Freemasons now come into the field; a class of all others the most influential by its numbers, and the most united by a general, and it may be said, a sacred principle. Actuated by the spirit which should influence every Freemason, the Directors of the new Com- pany intend appropriating a share of their profits to such benevolent purposes, connected with Freemasonry, as shall be approved by the United Grand Lodge of England, while Past- Masters and Masters of Lodges will be preferred as Agents. With the same views and feelings, a limited num- ber of Shares has been set apart for distribution among Lodges, which may desire to become pioprietors in their aggregate capacity. It would be absurd to suppose that all these acrifices are purely disinterested— that no return is expected for them. On the contrary, the Directors look for great and substantial advantages; but they are 6uch as flow naturally out of their connexion with Freemasonry, and which, from their widely extended ramifications of that body, not through England only, but through the whole of the civilised world, promise fair to make this the first and most profitable establishment of the kind. But it is not only from its connexion with Freemasonry, that the capitalist is to look for the expected augmentation of profits; independent of the various new, as well as cus tomary forms of Assurance, which are set forth in the pros- pectus, the Company will purchase reversionary interests, as well as annuities, present or deferred, absolute, or contin- gent. They will also grant annuities. If, too, the pros- pectus be attentively considered, it must be evident that tiie very extent of accommodation afforded to the public, opens up a multitude of profitable resources, which, though un- usual, are perfectly compatible with safety and the general benefit of the Company. This, indeed, is one of the grand features; by judicious calculations, by an extension of the usual plans, it holds out not only the hope, but the moral, and it might almost be said, mathematical certainty of a liberal return to the Shareholder, with advantages to the Assured, which he has a right to expect, but which are not to be obtained in any similar establishment. Upon the Paid- up Capital, a dividend of 5 per cent, per annum will be made half- yearly. The Proprietors' profits will be ascertained at the expiration of five years after the establishment of the Company, and will be divided rateably among the Shareholders, and added by way of inciease to the paid- up capital, and bear interest at 5 per cent, fiom the date of such apportionment. A similar division will then be repeated in every successive three years. The extent of liability on eRch shar- j is restricted to 20/., to which it is limited by the Deed of Association, and the Contract of Assurance. A call of 21, per share will be made on the 10th of October next: and a further call of 21, per share on the 10th of January following, beyond which no further call is contem- plated. IN LONDON— Applications for Shares must be made at the London and Westminster Bank, or at any of its Branch Establishments; a deposit of 1/. per share is then to be paid, and the Banker's receipt taken in exchange. Of the allot- ment of Shares, due notice will be given, and in those cases in which shares shall not be alioted, the deposits will be immediately returned. The Bank is at - ™ ™ . 38, Throgmorton- street The Westminster Branch 9, Waterloo- place, Pall Mai The Bloomsbury do. 213, High Holborn The Soutfiwark do. 11, Wellington- street, Boro' The Eastern do. 87, High- street, Whitechapel TheSt. Marylebone do. 155, Oxford- street Applicants from the country may remit their payments through the country bankers, or by post ( free) to G. G. Kirby, Esq., 11, Waterloo- place, Pall Mall, London. The receipt of the money will be acknowledged by return of post. PROSPECTUS. But while these great advantages are held out to the ca- pitalist, the Assured will find that his interests have been attended to with no less care and caution. The usual ex- tent of the scheme, the rigid economy of its detail in prac- tice, and the various new modes introduced into it of invest- ing and augmenting capital, enable the Directors to reduce the premiums on the several policies to a low rate, adapted to the means and wishes of every class. By a more univer- sal application of the system, it holds out a resource against the loss of income in all its shapes and bearings, it provides a fund for old age— tor the clerk, whose salary fails with his office— for the creditor, whose sole security is the life of his debtor— for the husband, whose only income is his wife's fortune— for the dependent upon an annuity for another's life— for the tenant bound to repair, or to pay fines for re- newals— for those parents or guardians who have paid ap- prentice fees, and such apprentice dies, and it then becomes an object to regain the money so expended— for those, who would create a fund for the education of their children, or who would secure an independence to the younger branches of their family— and in general for the many contingencies against which a moderate or uncertain income affords no provision. In regard lo the payment of the settled premium, every facility will be allowed the assured, either by gradually les- sening its yearly amount, according to a given scale, or by at once reducing both the premium and the policy, and consid- ering the overplus, that will then have been paid, as so much premium liquidated in advance. If the assured so chooses, the Company will purchase the Policy altogether. It has been said that mutual Assurance Companies are most advantageous to the public. As the present in its firs or modern mutual branch is both a mutual and Proprietary Company, the friends and patrons of it will have the oppor- tunity of availing themselves of all the advantages of a mu- tual Assurance Office, without incurring responsibility, or being subject to any of its other disadvantages; nor will the proprietors reserve to themselves any portion of the profits that may be derived from this branch, although their paid- up capital will form a guarantee fund in case of war, or epidemic or any other of those accidents which would derange, if not ruin, a society based upon less secure foundations. These are a few only of the advantages to be obtained at a small outlay, and no risk, to those assured with ' « The Freemasons' and General Life Assurance Company." For the details the public are referred to the printed pro- spectus, to be had ( gratis!, at the company's office, where attendance is given daily, from ten to five o'clock. A TABLE, Showing the annual premiums required for the assurance of £ 100 on a single life, for the whole duration; with OD without a participation of profits. Age next Birth. day. With Profits, or Modern Mutual. Without Profits, or Proprietary. £ s. d. £ s. d. 15 1 14 8 1 10 6 20 1 17 9 I 13 6 25 2 2 0 1 17 6 30 2 7 5 2 2 8 35 2 14 3 2 9 2 40 3 2 10 2 17 5 45 3 13 11 3 7 11 50 4 9 3 4 2 6 Agents will be appointed in all the principal towns in the United Kingdom, and early applications for such appoint- ments should be made, accompanied by the names of two respectable references in London. The business of the establishment will commence on Monday, the 18th inst. G. G. KIRBY, Managing Director, II, Waterloo- place, Pall Mall. ATLAS ASSURANCE COMPANY, ESTABLISHED 1808. DIRECTORS Sir Thomas Turton, Bart., Chairman. J. D. Hume, Esq., Deputy Chairman. The Hon. Sir Courtenay Boyle. John Oliver Hanson, Esq. William Laforest, Esq. Moses Mocatta, Esq. James William Ogle, Esq. Emanuel Pacifico, M. D. William George Prescotf, Esq. Joseph Pulley, Esq. John Peter Rasch, Esq. . John Woolley, Esq. CHARLES ANSELL, Esq., Actuary. LIFE DEPARTMENT.— Persons assured for the whole term of life, in Great Britain or Ireland respect- ively, will have an ADDITION made to their policies every seventh year, or an equivalent reduction will be made in the future payments of premium, at the option of the assured. THE THIRD SEPTENNIAL VALUATION, upi to Christmas, 1837, is now completed, and the Directors have great satisfaction in stating its result. The following TABLE shows the TOTAL ADDI- TIONS made to policies for £ 1,000, effected in London, or through an agent in Great Britain, which had been in force for the 21 years ending 1837: — Age at 1 commence- ment. BONUS. Annual Premium. Gross Additions to the Sum assured. Equivalent to the following per centage on the premiums paid to the Company. 30 I 40 I 50 60 £ s. d. 26 14 2 33 19 2 45 6 8 63 13 4 £ ' 354 • 416 !• 526 — 789 £ s. d. 63 2 3 53 6 8 55 5 0 59 0 3 ASSURANCES FOR SHORT PERIODS may now be effected in this office, at considerably reduced rates of premium. FIRE DERARTMF. NT— In addition to the benefit of the late reduction in the rates of premiums, this company offers to assurers the advantage of an allowance for the loss of rent of buildings, rendered untenantable by fire. POLICIES falling due at Michaelmas, should be re- newed within fifteen days from that period. The company's rates" and proposals may be had at the office ill London, or of any of the agents in the country, who are authorised to report on the appearance of lives pro- posed for assurance. HENRY DESBOROUGH, Secretary. 9- 2, Cheapside, August, 1838. The agents for the company at the undermentioned places are, viz.. Birmingham. Alcester. Bilston Coventry. Dudley „ Leek. Lichfield Nuneaton. Ruqeley. Solihull. Southam Stratford on- Avon Stourbridge. Warwick ™ Wolverhampton - Mr. JOHN ASPLEY. . Mr. J. Webb. . Mr. G. Beards. . Mr. T. Dawes. „„ Mr. J. Tyson. • Mr. J. Heathcote. . Mr. F. Egginton. - Mr. J. Estlin. . Mr. W. Turner. . Mr. J. Edwards. . Mr. W. Simpson. „ Mr. W. George. - Mr. J. Light. - cMr. H. Baly. . Mr. H. Mitchell. VACANT— Henley- in- Arden, Leamington. IMMEDIATE BENEFITS OFFERED TO THE PUBLIC. LIFE ANNUITY RATES, calculated on equitable principles. FOR EXAMPLE. For every £ 100 deposited, this Association will grant the annuity placed opposite the age of the person depositing. From £ 50 and upwards, in proportion. Oto 40 to 45 to 50 to 55 AGE to 80 to 65 to'. 70 to 75 to SO £ 8 0 £ 8 10 £ 9 0 ,69 10 £ 10 10 (£ 12 10 £ 15 10 £ 20 0 £ 25 0 per per per per per i per cent. I cent. per per per cent. cent. cent. cent. cent. cent. cent. LIFE AND FIRE INSURANCE RATES reduced 30 per Cent, per annum, being a saving to the public of £ 500,000 per annum !! I FOR EXAMPLE. LIFE ASSURANCE RATES. Age. 20 to 25 to 30 to 35 38 to 45 to 50 I £ s. d. | £ s. d. Premium ) 1 XI 0 | 1 15 0 I £ 8. d. 2 0 0 £ s. d. 2 6 0 £ s. d. 2 10 0 | £ i. d. | £ s A | 2 15 0 | 3 50 This Company make no charges for intermediate ages under50 Years. Common Insurance: — s. d. Private houses and shops not hazardous 1 0 per cent. Hazardous 2 0 Double Hazardous 3 6 INDEPENDENT AND WEST MIDDLESEX ASSURANCE COMPANY, For Fire, Lives, and Annuities, Opposite the Bazaar, Baker- street, Portman- square, London, ON EQUITABLE PPINCIPLES ! ! ! Established under acts of Pailiament. Capital, one Million. MANAGERS. James Alexander, Esq. George Anderson, Esq. Thomas Bedford, Esq. James Drummond, Esq. Samuel Eyre, Esq. Robert Feiguson, Esq. Thomas Hope, Esq. J. D. Hustler, Esq. AUDITORS— Sam. Eyre, Esq. Thomas Knowles, Esq. H. R. Perkins, Esq. Thomas Price, Esq. William Reid, Esq. Edward W. Taylor, Esq. John Wilson, Esq., Wm. Whittaker, Esq. John Wilson, Esq.; G. E Williams, Esq. RESIDENT SECRETARY— Mr. William Hole. BANKERS— Cashiers of the Bank of England. PHYSICIAN— Marshal Hall, 1> I. D., F. R. S., Manchester- square. SURGEONS— John Ogle Else, Esq., Manchester- street j James Devereux Hustler, Esq., Park street. SURVEYOR— Simon Thurstap, Esq., 9, Southampton- street, Bloomsbury- square. SOLICITORS— Messrs. Williams and Son, 2, Hart- street, Bloomsbury- square. AGENTS. (" Mr. R. Henry Tarleton, solicitor, Bennett's- Birmingham < hill. (. Mr. Phillips, hatter. Leamington and Warwick ™ . Mr. S. Bettison, 6, Uppee Parade. THE BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, AUGUST 18. 234 NEWS OF THE WEEK. FOREIGN AND COLONIAL. The opening of the section of the iron railroad from Ghent to Bruges, took place on Sunday, the 12th, with great ceremony. The King and Queen, who were present, were received with the most enthusiastic expressions of loyalty and attachment, by the immense crowd of spectators which the occasion had attracted to the spot. A prisoner, confined in the donjon of Niort, threw him- self from the top of one of the towers of the prison, a few days since, and was killed on the spot. The body of the unfortunate man, in falling, made several rotatory move- ments, with such extreme rapidity, that the persons who witnessed the catastrophe, at first thought that some article of wearing apparel had been accidentally dropped from the tower, and were undeceived only by the heavy sound made by the body on coming in contact with the ground. STORM AT CONSTANTINOPLE— We had a dreadful gale of wind here, which set in 10 suddenly, and came on with such fury, that a great many boats and lives were lost. I hear that upwards of 130 bodies have already been washed ashore on the coast of the Marmora alone. The lightning was of the most awful description, and was so near that it rras smelt distinctly by a great many people. Buildings in ele- vated situations were struck, several individuals were killed, and many more were knocked down in a state of insensibi- lity. A guard, who was " standing at ease" under the tower of Shiloh, had his musket shivered ( the bayonet had attracted the electric fluid), and it was thought he was killed, but by an immediate bleeding he was restored. Trees were con- verted into splinters, one house in Pera was set on fire, and when it was broken open to extinguish the flames, all the inhabitants were found lying insensible, but not dead. They recovered, and the fire was readily got under. The wind was so resistless, that tiles were seen flying about like leaves in an autumnal g » le. It was dangerous to be in the street. At last the rain came down in torrents, and the force of the storm was broken, although it continued to blow very bard for near twenty- four hours, which is very unusual at this season, when squalls are generally counted by minutes only. In the Black Sea, there must have been severe losses. Four wrecks. were seen on the southern coast by the Trebisoride steamer. Four coasters from Mondavia went down, with sundry bales of rich silk, which were insured here. We shall, probably, never know the full extent of the damage. For two or three days previous to the coming on of this hurricane, the weather had been oppressively warm.— Letter from Pera. We regret to hear that the typhus fever has of late mani- fested itself in this island ( Jersey) and that in one or two instances it has proved awfully fatal.— British Press. We believe we may now state as a certainty, that the Marquis of Clanricarde is to be the British ambassador to the Court of Russia. — Observer. CHEAP TRAVELLING.— Such is the competition at present among the steamers between England and France, that pas- sengers are taken from Boulogne to London for one shilling, or sometimes, it is said, for less! A few days ago a young couple, accompanied by their re- latives, presented themselves to be married before the mayor of Soissons, and unbounded was their mutual disappoint- ment, when it was ascertained, on the reading of the intended bride's certificate of birth, that she was designated in the document as a male child ! In consequence of this awkward mistake, the wedding was rendered legally impracticable till the young lady could obtain a judgment formally establishing her femininity. The fears which had been excited with respect to the harvest in France, have been almost entirely dissipated by the fine weather which has recently set in, and the latest accounts from the departments are most encouraging. It is now expected that on the banks of the Marne, in La Brie, and in Beance, the harvest will be more abundant, and the corn of better quality, than for some years past. In some exposed districts, the wheat is not yet ripe, but the weather is now such as to leave no fear that the ripening will be long delayed. Even in these districts, the greater part of the rye and barley, and much of the oats, had been cut and car- ried. A great deal of corn iu the neighbourhood of Paris has been reaped. It is to be added, however, in contrast to these encouraging accounts, that all the letters from Ger- many menace a bad harvest. The Jamaica papers to the 8th July, which were received cn the 8th inst., are chiefly occupied with discussions re- specting the enfranchisement of the apprentices. The great existing difficulty connected with this important subject, seems to be the settlement of the wages in future to be allowed to the negroes. In St. Thomas's in the East ( Jamaica) the following rate of wages has been determined cn: — Head men, by the day, 2s.; and for the week of five days ^ .— — .— — Several head people and tradesmen ditto, Is. 4d.; or ditto .— — — — — Second tradesmen or field people, ditto Is.; and ditto — — — — 5 0 Second class field people, 8d.; and ditto ™ 3 4 The negroes to retain their houses and grounds, and to be provided with medicines and medical attendance in the hospital when sick; when absent, time to he deducted. SUICIDE BY THE TKXIAN MINISTER.— The Lexington tKy. J Intelligencer of the 17th July says, that Peter W. Grayson Esq., of Texas, committed suicide at Bean's Sta. tion a few days before, by shooting himself with a pistol through the head. Mr. Grayson was on his way from Texas to Washington city, having received and accepted from the Government of Texas the appointment of Minster Plenipo- tentiary to the Government of the United States. TWIN LABOUR.— The Queen of Naples and the mountain ( Vesuvius) were both delivered on Wednesday last, Aug. I, the former of a male child, the latter of a very magnificent eruption. The coincidence will doutless serve the turn of the Neapolitan laureates. On Wednesday, at mid- day, there were three streams of lava over the old path- way up the cone. On Thursday, also, at mid- day, a fresh flow of lava took place over the same ground. On Thursday night I went up alone by a road of my own exploring. It was the finest night of'the three— viz., Wednesday, Thursday, and Friday; and the stones were more celestially inclined than I have ever seen them, excepting on the 1st of April, 1835. There was an electric fire flying between the two mouths ( situated very close to each other, and near the centre of the interior of the great corie,) and the roaring was louder than 1 ever heard it. On Saturday it began to decrease, and yesterday the lava no longer flowed from above. To- day there is not much smoke from the mouths. As if to give me the lie, the mountain, on my looking up from my paper, has just made a fine heave. It was but a slight fit; it is over again now; but perhaps to- night there will be a relapse. Etna has also been in full activity for some time past; and Stromboli, which is always smoking, has shown more fire than usual.— Letter from Naples, dated Aug. 6. 10 0 6 8 DOMESTIC. THE METROPOLIS. Mr. Richard Martin, the son of Mr. Jonathan Martin, the incendiary, who expired a few weeks ago in the Lunatic Asylum, in which he bad been confined since the burning of York Minster, committed suicide at his residence, No. 30, Allsop- terrace, New- road, London, on the afternoon of Sunday last. ANOTHER FEATHER.— KENSINGTON PALACE.— For some day's past a report has been extensively current at the west end of the town, and to which, by many persons professing to be well- informed on the subject, considerable credence has been attached, that it is Her Majesty's in- tention to reside a portion of the year at the Royal Palace of Kensington, the place of her birth, and which is en- deared to her by so many fond recollections. It is said that the ancient palace is first to undergo a thorough re- pair, and to be considerably enlarged; and by some it is even asserted that estimates have already been sent in to the Board of Works of the probable amount of the expense. FATAL ACCIDENT On Saturday an inquest was held at the Bell Inn, Kilburn, before Mr. Stirling and a respect- able jury, on view of the body of Mr. Richard Pritchard, coiv- keeper, who was killed on the London and Birming- ham Railway. Wm. Miller, a labourer in the employ of the company, deposed that he knew the deceased by tra- velling on the railway. About half- past ten on Thursday night last the deceased left the terminus at Euston- square, for the purpose of fetching to his premises a quantity of grass for his ( deceased's) cows. The deceased and witness left together in one of the sheep waggons. When a short distance from the house, witness saw a light before them on the railway. The deceased was very much alarmed at the appearance, thinking it was an engine meeting the train. He exclaimed, " Oh, my God! we shall all be killed." He ( deceased) then attempted to leave the wag- gon, in doing which he fell, and five of the waggons went over his body. It was ten minutes before he was picked up, when he was quite dead, and shockingly mutilated. Verdict— accidental death. RESIGNATION.— We hear that the Marchioness of Lans- downe yesterday resigned the place of Chief Lady of the Bedchamber to the Queen Spectator of Saturday. THE TEA TRADE, MONDAY.— The deliveries of this article amounted last week to 421,0001b. HATTON- GARDEN POLICE- OFFICE— ATROCIOUS CONSPIRACY. The Solicitor of the Mint having received information that coining was carried on at the house of a man named Abrahams, a wariant was issued and placed in the hands of Edwards, Duke, and Hall, officers, who proceeded to the place mentioned to execute it. On their way they met the informer, pursuant to the orders they had received from the Mint, and before pointing out the house, he told them that in a tin can on a shelf ill the prisoner's working room they would find, wrapped up in a piece of brown paper, four half- crowns and ten shillings of counterfeit money. On arriving at the residence of the accused, they found the door ajar, and immediately walked up stairs to the room they were directed to, in which the prisoner was^ itting mend ing shoes and singing. When seized he became almost frantic; but, when shown the counterfeit coin which Duke had by this time taken from the place in the exact condition already described, he called out, " I'm sold, I'm sold," and became dreadfully convulsed. The officers by this time felt convinced that something was wrong, and having recovered the poor fellow, and allayed his fears, they listened to what he had to say upon the subject, when it appeared that for a length of time he had been persecuted by some neighbours in various ways, but fortunately had invariably defeated them ; and he supposed that within a few days some one of the gang had during his absence gained access to his room, the door of which he never locked, and, after placing the base metal in the spot mentioned, had given the information to the Mint. On making further investigation, the officers felt satisfied that it was a conspiracy to deprive the unfortu- nate defendant of his liberty; and in mentioning the facts of the case to the magistrate, Mr. Bennett, they expressed their satisfaction at having it in their power to be able to prove that the charge against the prisoner of coining was totally unfounded. As was their duty, they had brought Abrahams there upon the warrant, but they hoped the ma- gistrate would not detain him Mr. Bennett said he was much pleased with the conduct of the constables, and he thought with them that it was a vile conspiracy: he, how- ever, added that he should not disposeof the case without the attendance of the Mint solicitor] and requested the attendance of the prisoner next Friday.— Abrahams, who seemed delighted beyond description at his miraculous de- liverance, was then liberated. THE CONVICT RICKEY This man, who, it will be re- membered, was tried and found guilty at the last session, of the wilful murder of Sergeant Hamilton, of the 12th Lancers, at Hampton Court Palace, and who subsequently received a respite, has been considered a fit object for the royal clemency. On Friday evening last, a communication from the Home Office arrived at the office of Mr. Clarke, Clerk of the Central Criminal Court, announcing that Her Majesty hal been graciously pleased to grant a free pardon to the convict, on condition ot his leaving the country for life, but the colony was not named, nor will it be known until his arrival at the Hulks. Mr. Daniel Whittle Harvey, M. P. for Southwark, is to be appointed Registrar of Hackney- carriages, under the new act for the better regulation of these conveyances within the metropolitan district.— Observer. A BLACK BUSINESS Mr. Williamson, a coloured Ame- rican " gentleman," complained to the magistrates of Tho- mas- street Office, of having been assaulted by Mr. Fisher, a gentleman of the same colour and country. Both parties were fashionably attired. The complainant displayed a coat in the D'Orsay style, with a white vest and neckcloth, which formed a very striking contrast with his sable coun- tenance. His hands were covered with a pair of lavender- coloured gloves, and being desired to pull off the right- hand one, he with some exertion did so, and the oath being administered, he deposed as follows: — I war'quainted wid Mr. Jackson in'Meriki, and knowing him was chief cook on board the ' Merikin liner, in de San Ketrine Cock, I went on board to see him. I found him in de cook house, an I say, " How you do, Mr. Jackson ? hope you am well." Whilst 1 war speaking tohim. deunder tuard cum ' pon deck. When he see me him go down in cabin gin; and den Mr. Fisher, de chief tuard cum ' pon deck. I knowed Mr. Fisher, having seen him at my resi- dence in ' Meriki; so I say, " How you do, Mr. Fisher?" and say, " Excuse my glove; give me your hand." ( Laughter.) When he say, " What you know ob me, you —— black nigger?" ( Much laughter, in which the magis- trates could not help joining.) " You cum here, and make ridicule of your own country, singing nigger songs ' bout de street; get out of my 6hip directly." 1 war going out ob de ship as he desired me, when he out* behind de cook house, and knock me on de nose till he make my nose bleed, and here you may see de blood all round my hat. ( Laughter.) He guv me black eye. ( Increased laughter.) Magistrate : Well, I don't understand how he could do that at all. Complainant: Yes, yourwarshup, and call me ebry ting but genl'man, and dat he forget to do. Air. Ballantine asked the complainant if it was true he sung about the streets? Complainant ( bridling up): Sar- tainly not, your warshup. I got a ' gagement at de teatre— de Garrick Teatre, where I sing ebry ebening. Mr.: Ballantine Negro songs, I suppose, such as " Jim Crow," and other popular ones of that sort? ( Laughter.) Complainant: Yes, youi warshup, 1 sing " Jim Crow." Mr. Ballantine: In character, I think. ( Loud laughter.) What have you to say to this Mr. Fisher? Defendant: Why, sar, I tell you all about it. Dis fallow say I had been at his house. It is true 1 had seen him at a hoarding house iu ' Meriki, and when I see him onboard de ship in de docks, knowing he was quare cracter, I tell him get out ob de ship, and call him black nigger. ( Laughter.) Mr. Ballantine : It was a very odd thing to call him that. Defendant: I did, your warshup, but I did not strike him, and dere was no blood. Complainant: It's all round my hat. ( Increased laughter.) Defendant: I hab witness to proob what I say, sur. Mr. Jackson, the chief cook, was called: I saw all dat happened tween dem two gentlemen. ( Roars of laughter.) Mr. Williamson cum board to peak to me, and when Mr. Fisher see him he berry angry, call him black nigger, and tell him go ashore and sing away in de street " Lubly Rosa Sambo cum. Don't you hearde turn turn turn?"—( great laughter)— but did not strike him. The witness was questioned by Mr. Boderip, but persisted he saw the whole of the affray, but no blows were struck. The magistrates, owing to the conflicting nature of the evidence, discharged the black steward, but were under an impression the cook had not told the whole truth. PROVINCIAL. Lord Brougham arrived at Eiougham Hall on Saturday last from town. UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE The appeal of the Working Men's Association to the operatives of Ipswich, met with a cordial response on Wednesday evening last. Several resolutions were passed, in conformity with the objects contemplated by the meeting; they were prefaced by powerful speeches, embodying the views of the respective speakers. At the conclusion of the proceedings, enthusiastic cheers were given for " Universal Suffrage and the Birmingham Peti- tion." CHURCH- RATE.— On Thursday week the Church party at Cottingham were again defeated, and a rate was refused. STEAM COMMUNICATION WITH INDIA.— The first of the intended line of steamers between London and the East Indies arrived at Falmouth on Friday last. She is called the Madagascar, and is commanded by Captain M'Dougal late Commissary- General of the Queen of Spain's marine. The vessel is rigged with topsail yards, and otherwise cal- culated for sailing when the wind permits. She left on Monday for the Mauritius and Bombay, but had no pas- sengers.— Cornwall Gazette. A singular and fatal accident oecured at Cold Ashton, near Marsfield, on Wednesday last. A girl, about fifteen years of age, named Charlotte Williams, on a visit to her uncle, who keeps the White Hart at Ashton, and had been into a hayfield adjoining the house, and was sitting on the gate, having a hayfork in her hand with the prongs toward her body, when, by some jar, the fork struck the ground, and one of the prongs entered near the right breast, and, passing upwards, divided the carotid artery, and the poor girl bled to death in a few minutes.— Bristol Gazette. SOCIALISM.— On Monday and Tuesday last, two lectures were delivered in this town on socialism, by Mr. Buchanan, ot Sheffield. The lectures were given at the New Concert- room, and at the conclusion of each several questions were asked by some of the audience, which led to considerable argument as to the nature and practicability of the social principle.— JJoncaster Gazelle. FIRE DAMP.— On Monday morning an explosion of car- buretted hydrogen gas, commonly termed fire- damp, oc- curred in Pit- bank Colliery, from what cause is not satisfac- torily ascertained. Sheldrick Whitehead, coal miner, ol Hopkin Fold, and his two boys, James and Thomas, were seriously burnt. Whitehead, who is about fifty years ol age, was scorched to such a degree that he is not expected to survive. THE SCHOOLMASTER IN THE FACTORIES— Mr. Dorsey, a lecturer on education, applied at one of the factories on Monday for permission to see the school; after some hesi- tation one of the partners sent a boy with hira to show the place. After going up several flights of rickety stairs he was shown into a garret room in the roof, in the corner ol which sat a decrepit paralysed old man, with about twenty palefaced children sleeping on forms around him. The whole of the books for this school consisted of one tattered Testament, and one horn- book for the less advanced scholars! Lying near the master was a strap, the only use of which was to awaken the sleeping pupil when his turn of five minutes reading came. Dorsey asked what the ex- pense of this school might be, and was answered, six shil- lings per week, and as good as could be got for the money. " Indeed," said one of the partners, " I pay two shillings a week out of my own pocket towards it, which I consider a great hardship."— Sheffield Iris. MURDER.— A most atrocious murder was committed at Eckington, some time in the night between Tuesday and Wednesday last, on one of the workmen of the North Mid land Railway, named Richard Sanderson, supposed to be a native of Long Sutton, in Lincolnshire. On Tuesday even- ing, it appears, the deceased was at the sign of the Bear, in Eckington, drinking with some others, and rather late, left the house in company with them. It does not appear that any serious quarrel had taken place, though some angry words passed at the Cross; and they afterwards walked forwards along the Southgate to a narrow alley, called Itotten- row, where John Guest, one of the party, resided. What passed there remains to be inquired into; but it is quite certain that Guest went into the house and brought out the blade of a si the, with which he struck Sanderson on the head. The blow divided the scalp from the corner of the eye, across the top of the head, almost to the neck be- hind ; and completely severed a large portion of the skull, and a part of the brain. A( ter Sanderson had received his death- blow, he appears to" have staggered back into the street and repeatedly fallen ; for in the place where he fell there w » s a pool of blood; and in one spot a portion of his skull, some inches in extent, was found on the pavement. He afterwards struggled amongst the wood in an adjoining wheelwright's yard, the blood still streaming from him, and there must have become completely exhausted. After daylight, the poor creature was found under a tree in Lady Sitwell's school- yard, but he never could hare walked thither, for it is nearly two hundred yards from the spot where the last trace of blood could be seen. Every possible attention was paid to him; but though he lived till three o'clock on Thursday morning, he never spoke or showed the least sign of consciousness. On stripping him, it was discovered he had also received a severe wound in the loins from some sharp instrument.— Derbyshire Courier. A dividend of eight per cent, was declared upon the shares of the Leicester and Swannington Railway Company, at the half- yearly meeting on Wednesday week. LIGHTNING On Tuesday week, a young man, named Kendall, in the employ of Mr. George Kettlewell, of Ouse- burn, farmer, was struck dead by the electric fluid, whilst standing for shelter under an oak tree.— York Courant. A meeting of the shareholders in the Nottingham and Nottinghamshire Bank was held on Monday week at the Lion Hotel, when a dividend of 61. per cent, was announced on the paid- up capital, and the directors reported the ability of the company to leturn the last call of 51, per share, which was ordered accordingly, and directed to be payable, with the dividend, on the 1st of September next. CURIOUS, IF TRUE— Mr. Burnell Ward, druggist, of England- street, Hull, had a favourite little dog, and a few days since, for some infringement of good breeding of which it had been guilty, gave the animal a slight kick. The dog, being unaccustomed to receive such treatment from its master, it is to be presumed, took the punishment to heart; for it immediately trotted off to the foreshore of the Hum- ber, opposite Belle Vue Terrace, and was observed by some men who were at work near Mr. Medley's slip, to walk into the water with great deliberation, and drown itself I— Hull Times. [ This beats Lord Kennedy hollow. Puppies do such things, now and then; but dogs have hitherto shown more wit.] RAILWAY ENGINE Last week, the largest locomotive engine ever made in Leeds, was tried on the Leeds and Selby Railway, previous to its being sent to the Paris and Versailles Railway, in France. With only one carriage and the tender, this engine travelled at the rate of sixty miles an hour, and at the rate of twenty miles per hour, with 140 tons, both on the level part of the line. In consequence of some improvement in the fire- box, this engine seems to do its work with ease, as during the trial it produced more steam than was required, and with the fire- door kept open. — Voncasler Gazette. A faetal accident happened to a poor man named Joseph Crockett, at Belbroughton, on Friday last. The deceased was employed with a cart and three horses in drawing ston es for the repair of a lane, and is supposed to have taken the horses from the cart for the purpose of shooting down the gravel, and to have fallen iu endeavouring to do so, from want of strength. He was found lying on his face with the end of the shaft across the hack of his neck, and must have died almost immediately. GREAT WESTERN RAILWAY— The half- yearly meeting of the proprietors of the Great Western Railway was held on Wednesday, at the Merchants' Hall, Bristol. After the general and also the engineer's report had been read, it was moved and carried, that the meeting at its rising do adjourn until some day in October, in order that the proprietors may have time to examine their contents. A long discus- sion ensued on a proposal of Mr. Moseleyfor acommittee to inquire into the mode of constructing the railway, whether it is best to carry out the present plan or make any altera- tions therein; but as the feeling of the meeting was de- cidedly in favour of the entire management being left with the directors, the proposal was not persevered in. It was mentioned as a proof of the decided preference of Mr. Brunei's mode of laying the rails, that on the Dublin and Kingstown Railway they are actually substituting rails laid on longitudinal sleepers, as nearly as possible similar to those on the [ Great Western Railway for the former rails laid on the old plan. A BRAVE LASS.— On Sunday, whilst Mr. Mumford, of Woodford Hall, near Byefield, and his family and servants, were gone to church, leaving Eliza Whitmel and three chil- dren under nine years of age in care of the house, two men, habited as gipsies, demanded admittance, which being refused, they tried to batter in the door. Eliza from the first floor window desired, them to be gone, as either they or she should die rather than they should rob the house. The fellows, disregarding her threat, battered at the door in the expectation of beating it in, when the girl went up stairs, and taking her master's gun fired it at them, which she did four times, Mr. Mumford's eldest daughter, a child of nine years old, supplying her with powder and shot to enable her to reload the piece. The thieves, finding the girl deter- mined, and both of them being slightly wounded by the shot, said it was of no use staying, and decamped without gaining an entrance. The depositions of the servant and child were taken on Monday, and a pursuit after the thieves was set on foot.— Northampton Herald. HIGHWAY ROBBERY.— THISTLEWOOD On Saturday even- ing last, about nine o'clock, as Mr. Scott, watch and clock maker, Week- street, Maidstone, was returning from Gil- lingham to Chatham, where he had been to carry home a clock that he had to repair, on crossing Chatham Lines he was stopped by two private soldiers, who demanded his money. Mr. Scott resisted, and he was felled to the ground. One of the soldiers knelt on his body; and seiz- ing him by the throat, endeavoured to throttle him, while the other rifled his pockets, and took from his person 5s. 6d. being all the money he had about him. Mr. Scott fortu- nately bit the fellow very severely on the fore finger of the right hand, who attempted to strangle him. From the ill usage Mr. Scott received, he was obliged to remain in Chatham all night, and repaired to the barracks next morn- ing, and acquainted the commanding officer of the outrage and robbery. No time was lost, the bugle was sounded, and the soldiers mustered, and in calling over the names two soldiers were missing. Pickets were dispatched in all directions, and one of the men, named Thistlewood, son of Thistlewood who was hung for the Cato- street conspiracy, was found in a loft at the back of the Dartmouth Arms, Chatham. The other, JJitapatrick, was found concealed on Chatham Lines. Both men were brought to the barracks, and were clearly identified, Thistlewood's finger was very much festered where Mr. Scott bad bit him. Both soldiers were given up to the civil power, and on Monday last were fully committed to Maidstone to take their trial— I Vest Kent Guardian. SHUTTING THE DOOR AFTER THE STEED IS STOLEN— A subscription has been set on foot, headed by the Archbishop and Dean and Chapter of Canterbury, for the purpose ol raising a sufficient sum to erect a church and clergyman's residence in the village of Dunkirk, the scene of the mur- ders of mad Thorn. A correspondent in the Leeds Mercury states, that " Bow- ring and Hume are to be brought out in the people's inter- est, for the west riding at the next election ; and the people are lequested to hear them spea/ i before opposition is of fered. " RADICAL ASSOCIATION On Tuesday, a meeting of the town council was held. The mayor read the following letter which he had received: — " To the worshipful the mayor and corporation. " Gentlemen,— We beg leave, most respectfully, to apply to you for the use of the Town- hall on Monday evening, the 20th, and Monday evening, the 27th, for the purpose of holding public meetings to form a Radical Association for securing universal suffrage, the ballot, Src. Upwards of eight hundred persons have already signified their intention of becoming members— having subscribed to the principles. We shall take care that pence and good order mark our proceedings, and that the property receive no injury. We beg leave to subscribe ouiselves, as members of committee, yours, & c., AVilliam Hall, chairman, J. B. Hanson, James Arthur, John Lawrence, Henry Bowman, secretary." Dr. Bell said he saw no reason why the request should not be complied with, provided the parties gave security not to injuie the property of the corporation. He therefore moved that the use of the hall should be granted. Mr. Scarrow seconded the motion, which was put and carried unanimously. The mayor, addressing Mr. Arthur, the bookseller, who was present, expressed a hope that order would be pre- served. Mr. Arthur said he would take care of that, and returned thanks for the permission which had been given to use the hall Carlisle Patriot. THE " PEOPLE'S CHARTER," AND THE " NATIONAL PETI- TION."— A meeting was held at the Brewers' Arms, on Wednesday evening last, for the purpose of discussing the above objects. Though very little notice had been given, a great many persons had assembled, who were addressed by Messrs. Allen, Reeve, Sandy, Woodward, & c., on the necessity of obtaining legislative enactments embracing the principles advocated in the National Petition; and of co- operating with the Birmingham and other Unions in the north of England, to prosecute this object to the utmost. This meeting was hut a preliminary one, and the subject will at an early period be brought before the Radicals of Brighton. The following are the resolutions that were adopted:— 1. " That this meeting most cordially approves of the People's Charter, as the outline of an act to provide for the just representation of the people of the united king- dom of Great Britain and Ireland, in the Commons' House of Parliament, agreeably to the principles set forth in the National Petition; and that we are truly grateful to the men both of Scotland and the north of England, for the exertions they have made, and are now making, to carry out the desired objects; in which purpose we also pledge ourselves to co- operate to our utmost."— 2. " That this meeting adjourn until after the expected great metropolitan meeting shall have taken place, leaving it to the managing committee of the Brighton Radical Registration and Pa- triotic Association to fix on the time at which the Radicals of Brighton shall again be convened to consider on further measures."— Thanks were then voted to the chairman, Mr. Robert Jackson, and the meeting separated.— Brighton Patriot. SCOTLAND. STARVATION. — On Friday night, an old man, named Smith, came to the police office for protection during the night, where, in the absence of any refuge for the houseless poor in this city, many other destitute persons come, and where he had been in the habit of coming for nearly a month past. Oil that occasion he was in such a state of weakness, that he was ordered to be removed to the Royal Infirmary, but he died on the road. It was the opinion of the medical man who examined the body, that his death was occasioned by want of food— Edinburgh Courant. FEVER IN GLASGOW.— The state of fever stands to- day as follows:— 82 patients in the Royal Infirmary; 20 admitted from the 6th August till the 13th August; 90 empty beds; no lines lying for admission Argus. Lord Brougham, in r^ ply to an invitation sent to him from the Radicals of Glasgow, to accept of a public dinner, has stated that he will fix upon the day after his return to Brougham Hall, after the session is finished. His lordship proposes to take a tour through the North of Scotland this season.— Glasgow Chronicle. We understand that the sheets of the National Petition, left for signature here, were 6ent off on Thursday se'nnight, with 1800 names attached— those from some of the neigh bouring works and villages included Montrose Review. MELANCHOLY FATE or A POOR PLAYER.— About eight or nine months since, when autumn was fading into winter, and, in the words of the Scottish song, " When the wan leaf frae the birk tree was fa'ing," a poor strolling player, his wife, and two children— a fine boy and a girl— arrived at Lairg, in the county of Sutherland. The inhabitants are literally " few and far between," separated on all sides by rugged mountains, which impart a feeling of utter solitude and seclusion to the scene. A cluster of cottages, however, lie about the manse on the south side of Loch Shine, and there are huts seattered among the hills, which, though they at first elude observation, are rife with inmates. The player resolved to try a performance, but, it being Saturday evening, he deferred astonishing the simple people till Mon- day or Tuesday. He put up at the inn, and the respectable landlord— Mr. Mackay— informed us that the intelligence and information of the man made a strong impression on all who conversed with him. The poor wanderer, however, was destined not to gratify the people of Lairg by " fretting his hour" upon their stage. He set out towards Altnahar- row to rouse the country, and collect an audience, taking with him his son, to bear him company over the mountains. Neither of thein returned— the " play" was, of course, postponed— and day passed after day without bringing any tidings of the actor or his boy. The wife and daughter de- parted, and the circumstance was forgotten, when last week — on a solitary part of the farm of Shines— the bodies of a man and boy were discovered in a state of great decomposi- tion. The occurrence was noised abroad, and the moulder- ing remains were identified by the people of Lairg as those of the unfortunate stroller and his son. It has been con- jsctured that they lost their way among the hills, and were overtaken by a storm, which they had not strength to re- sist. They had apparently sank down on the ground ex- hauited, and the boy's head was supported by his father, over which he had thrown a part of his coat, as a protec- tion from the night or the storm. The man's name and history are unknown— and thus perished the lone outcast of the drama, with his unfortunate son, in a land of strangers, amidst the wildest scenes of nature, and under circumstances as touching as any which have drawn tears or applause on the stage Inverness Courier. THE GLASGOW COTTON SPINNERS' COMMITTEE A state- ment of the income and expenditure of the committee has been printed. It appears that the liabilities of the com- mittee were 2,269/. 15s. 10d., including 2,013/. lis. 4., the law agents'account; that they paid 1,228/. 10s., and that the balance due was 1,041/. 5s. lOd. The Queen's Printer's Committee have reported, that the patent, which expires in July next, should not be renewed ; that the bibles and psalm books should be printed by the Scotch Universities, the General Assembly, and by all others who can find security for the" purity of the text, and obtain the Queen's license ; and that a free introduction of bibles and psulm books should be allowed from the press of the English Universities, in order that a complete, fair, and useful competition may be maintained Edinburgh paper. FATAL ACCIDENT. — On Thursday, the 16th inst,, a young woman, named Agnes Barber, about sixteen years of age, a native of the village of Hightae, in the parish of Lichma ben, and servant to the farmer at Greenhill, lost her life in the river Annan. The river was quite low, and the young woman was crossing a ford near a village called Greenhill, with a bundle of sticks in her arms. One of the sticks fell, and, of course, began immediately to move down the stream. Whilst attempting to recover it she fell into a deep pool, and perished before assistance was procured. The suffer- ings of the distressed mother, who is a widow, may be more easily conceived than described. This is the third bereave- ment she has met with, all nearly equally sadden and unex- pected. A considerable number ot years ago, one of her children died in consequence of having eaten some poison- ous plant which it found in the fields; and some years after her husband was killed while employed in deepening a well. We understand that this girl is the fourth person who has perished in the same pool within the last eight years.— Dumfries Courier. WATER- SPOUT— A water- spout broke with destructive violence upon the Barony of Foswell, in the parish of Auchterarder, betwixt the hours of one and two o'clock in the afternoon on Monday, the 6th current. It may be mentioned that the Barony of Foswell is situated south from this village, at the foot of the Ochil hills, and slopes gently northward to the water of Ruthven, betwixt which and the bottom of the declivity there is a considerable space of land, quite level, or nearly so. The rain was fall- ing heavily during the forenoon, but about the time men- tioned a sudden darkness overspread the barony, fiom Fos- well- bank to Carlounie, its western extremity, more than half a mile, and torrents of water descended, accompanied, not by common hailstones, but pieces of ice as numerous as hailstones, some of which were as large as partridge eggs. The scene was awfully terrific; and the view from Auch. terarder grand beyond description, exhibiting the whole land, above half a mile in breadth, and three quarters of a mile in length, as one sheet of water, rushing down the de clivity, sweeping every thing before it, filling up every ditch and hollow to a level with the surface, with stones, earth, gravel, Sic. The inhabitants, of course, were clarmed for the fate of their dwelling- houses, thinking every moment that they would tumble about their ears; but in this they were fortunately deceived. Those who were in the midst of the scene say they can give no adequate description of it. The descent of the water- spout lasted from fifteen to twenty minutes; and the hail or masses of ice continued to fall fully three quarters of an hour longer. The damage done to the crops cannot be estimated at present. The floods laid oats and barley flat to the ground, and the potato fields and turnips suffered a worse fate— they being soft at this season. The whole soil, in some instances, was com- pletely swept away; while the masses of ice completely cut up the oats, barley, and pasture grass to the very roots. The latter will recover partly, but it is feared the former will not this season. The level lands at the foot of the declivity are, in many places, completely overlaid with stones and other rubbish from the higher grounds, which will, in a great measure, destroy the present crop, and re- quire considerable expense to clear them for a succeeding one. The water of Ruthven rose, in a few minutes, as high as we have ever seen it, overflowing its batiks in all directions, and doing a great deal of damage to the fields ad- joining it in its course, of about five miles from this, before it joins the Earn river.— Glasgow Chronicle. FATAL GUN ACCIDENT.— Thursday week a party of plea- sure set out from Dunoon in a yacht, intending to proceed as far as Ailsa Craig to shoot sea- fowl. The weather prov- ing boisterous, they put into Millport, where they remained for the night. In the morning aportion of the company set out on their return to Dunoon, and when near that village one of the party seized his piece by the muzzle, intending to discharge it in the air, but from some cause or other it went off while in that position, and the contents were lodged in his breast. Medical aid was promptly procured from the shore, but the wound was mortal, and he expired in a few minutes after being landed. — Glasgow Chronicle. Last week a party of Italians proceeded through the town of Hamilton, entertaining their street auditors with airs dis- coursed from an unique instrument, and amusing them with the performances of a large monkey dressed a la Celtic. A Highlander, but recently arrived from his native mountains, who was a spectator, gazed upon the astonishing feats of what he considered a countryman ; and his heart warming at the sight of the tartan, he pressed forward to see if he could recognise in the performer an acquaintance. Donald no sooner became aware of the imposition than he resolved to sacrifice the monkey to the honour of his insulted country, and seizing upon poor jocko, with many imprecations, said, " he ^ vould learn the bhrute bheast to wear my clan's tar- tan." The terrified Italians interposed to save their coad- jutor, but only to turn the rage of the mountaineer on them- selves, and our mountaineer soon had the trio in his power- ful grasp, exclaiming that he would " knock the music out o' tat tam't box too." There was little probability of the foreigners getting unscathed from their opponent's embrace, when fortunately the police hove in sight, and relieved the gasping musicians.— Glasgow Argus. IRELAND. SIR JAMES ANDERSON'S STKAM CARRIAGE Though living within twenty miles of Sir James's seat, Buttevant Castle, we, like the rest of the world, were left almost in igno- rance of the final accomplishment of an undertaking which he had given the greater part of his life, and sacrificed a fortune, now, we feel convinced, to be amply refunded. He worked in silence, and oft, perhaps, in sorrow, until his task was done— and ere it was done, to use his own em- phatic words, " spent two apprenticeships and a fortune in building twenty- nine unsuccessful carriages to succeed in the 30th." Here this " ye who would persevere not." In approaching Buttevant Castle one is struck with its beauti- ful and romantic situation ; you reach its hospitable en- hance through an avenue of evergreens, and perhaps forget, in the beauty of the scenery before you ( at least so it was with us), that you have come to see a piece of mechanism manufactured there entirely by Irish mechanics, in which the first engineers had hitherto failed. We had forgotten, but were awakened to the object of our visit by a gate opening as we passed the back of the castle, which disco- vered to our view the workshops and the lion carriage. We were, indeed, astonished; from a scene of sylvan beauty we stepped at once into a " mechanic's shop," and, " ' midst the din of anvils and the bellows' blast," we found both the machine itself and its inventor. We do not profess to be an engineer, but the simplicity of the mechanism is such that a child may understand it and see its capability; and we confess, had we not known the fact, we should have doubted that such exquisite workmanship could be exe- cuted here. We are not boastful, but we can with truth aver we never saw anything equal to it from the best fac- tories in England. The drag, or steam- engine, is not like those hitherto attempted; it is a machine to do the work now done by horses. The vehicle by which the passengers are conveyed is to be attached to it, and thus in the remote case of accident no injury can arise to the passengers. The drag can be at once detached, and the carriage forwarded by liorses. No noise is heard, no smoke, no unpleasant odour peceived, and the gallant panting steed can gallop to his journey's end untired and untiling. How admirable this arrangement! Let us look a little forward, and we shall see Bishop Brinkley's prophecy realised. " Sir," said he, " mark me, ere long we shall see a pan of coals brought to use in place of a feed of oats." And who can doubt it will be so? It appears the cost of fuel for a " drag" to convey thirty passengers and luggage will not be above 4d. per mile— and that the average speed will be about fifteen miles per hour. The roads of the country as they now are can be all made available for steam conveyance, and, unlike the injury done by horses, the broad cylindrical wheels of the steam drag will act as rollers, and preserve in place of injure. In fact, on every side advantages present them- selves. Speed sufficient is attained without the enormous cost of the railway. Every part of the country will partici- pate in the advantage; for on every road the carriages can run. Turf, or our native coal, can be used to " boil us up a gallop," and we may almost name the day that we can breakfast in Cork and dine in Dublin. Never have we been more gratified by a professional visit. We are bound' to cater for our friends, and often do most laboriously; but here we felt pride and pleasure, and, we confess, astonishment. That so much should have been done almost " within our ken," and without our knowledge,, produced the latter feeling— our country and country's good the former. We know of nothing that can render greater advantage than facility of intercourse—" cheap and expeditious travelling,"— and the- more we look at the in- troduction of steam - power on common roads, the more we are convinced of the truth of the report of the committee of the House of Commons, which says, " the substitution of inanimate for animate power on common roads is the most important improvement ever introduced." We un- derstand the Irish company is now forming, and all ar rangements making for a commencement in this county as soon as carrieges can be made. If ever man deserved well of his country it is Sir James Anderson, and most gladly do we look upon the harvest ripening to him, after his weary season of toil and labour.— Irish paper. THE NEW AGITATION The Tithe bill did not " share the same fate as the Municipal Corporations bill;" and, unfortunately, Mr. O'Connell, after having made his speech, and after having voted in support of the bill when before the house, happened to leave London on the day preceding that on which the bill, with its obnoxious amendments, was returned to the Commons, where it was accepted, obnoxious amendments and all, without a division, and without one dissenting word. Yet, Mr. O'Conr. ell has said, in his speech at the Corn Exchange, " I opposed that bill!" We pass over this strange picture. It is one which we do not like to contemplate. We feel too much sorrow to do so, because it exhibits a mouinful specimen of human frailty and human folly— peculiarly mournful, when the frailty and the folly pertain to a man who, considering his former position, ought to have been so peculiarly cautious not to lower himself by such conduct. But whilst we pass this over, we are bound to call upon Mr. O'Connell to state distinctly, and in good faith, what it is that he would have the public agitate about? It is evidently not for the repeal of the Poor law act. For the extinction of tithes it cannot be, because he is just come hot from supporting the abominable bill, whose character he himself has so well described. He could not, in decency, turn round against it so soon; and even if he did, he must be well aware, after what he has done, tiiat the public would not follow him with confidence in such an agitation. Is it for corporation reform ? The nation will not arouse itself for a measure which is really of importance to some half dozen towns. The country will not trouble itself to send 200 deputies a begging, and supplicating, and agitating, throughout Eng- land for any such purpose. Are we to have repeal agita- tion, then, once more? Not so. Such a thing would be laughed at; and, besides, Mr. O'Connell tells us that he will make one other " experiment" before he hoists the repeal banner. Again, therefore, we say, let us know dis- tinctly what the agitation is to be about, or let us have none. Mr. O'Counell tells us—" Yes, you must now con- sider of it well— you must agitate. I now, from this room, which recalls to the mind so many pleasing ieminiscences of the success of our struggles in the cause of civil and religious liberty, proclaim to Ireland that the time is come to agitate." Alas! we fear that the announcement is but a mere empty and unmeaning sound. We must say, too, that the whole speech of the lion, and learned gentleman, so abounding in words and so little pregnant of meaning, is far from calculated to impress us with the idea, that any salutary or desirable species of agitation is contemplated. We have said thus much, because we have strongly felt that the character of our country has, of late, suffered much in public estimation, and the cause of pubic liberty been injured, and because we entertain apprehensions that a sham agitation is contemplated, which would only tend to render us more ridiculous, and do more public injury Northern Whig. O'CONNELL TURNED TUAPPIST.— Verily, says the Times' correspondent of Thursday, the great agitator has retired to a monastery! The newspapers have announced his depar- ture from Dublin, about noon yesterday, but they are as yet silent as to his destination. You may judge my surprise this morning, upon learning that Mr. O'Connell has actu- ally gone to Mount Melleray, upon " a retreat" for eight days, during which, it is said, he is to devote himself to religious exercises, according to the rigid system adopted in that monastery ! The monks who inhabit it, known by the name of the Trnppists, were expelled from France by Louis Phillippe, five or six year ago, and having obtained a tract of waste land from Sir Richard Keane, in the vicinity of Coppoquin, county of Waterford, they erected a large house, and have been gradually reclaiming the waste which surrounds it. Their system of discipline is described to be much more severe than that of any other monkish order. They labour hard during the day, with intervals of prayer, never interchanging a word with each other, or with strangers. They sleep on hard beds, and never indulge themselves with animal food. It is to this silent house of earthly privations that Mr. O'Connell has betaken himself; so that, if he observe the rules, his tongue stands a fair chance of obtaining its first holyday, and his high tempera- ture, as exhibited with poor Sbarman Crawford on Satur- day, is likely to be brought down to something like mode- ration. The readers of the Times may laugh at all this as a joke, but I can assure them that it is all quite true, or, at least, that O'Connell has gone down upon " a retreat" to the monks of La Trappe, located at Mount Melleray. [ We don't like the " or, at least." It is a suspicious qualifica- tion E. B. J.] MISCELLANEOUS. MAGNETIC FLUID During the late storm at Rochdale, a cotton- mill was struck by the lightning, and the bell which hung above the roof was destroyed. It was after- wards found that all the tools of a watchmaker, residing in tho neighbourhood, had become in a greater or less degree magnetic, and were wholly useless; they all attracted iron filings readily, and the hammer was polarised, the needle being neutral Ather. ceum. FLATINA WIRES A musical composer, named Fischer, has proposed the substitution of platina wires for those of THE BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, AUGUST 18. 235 steel or brass. It is, he says, more elastic and ductile, and the sounds produced by this metal are sweeter; air and damp do not act upon it, and as it combines with iron, cords might be made of a composition of the two, which would present the advantages of each. DISCOVERY AT MEUNG— While wotking in a quarry at Meung, the workmen came to a sculptured stone of a cir- cular form, which covered a pit of no great depth, at the which, was the entire skeleton of a woman. On one of her fingers were two rings, one of silver, without any carv- ing; the second thick, and of pure gold, representing a knight with his helmet, and a scymetar suspended from Ins right arm.— Athenteum. LEGISLATION ON THE TIN TRADE— In whatever depart- ment of industry the dominant class in the legislature lias a direct interest, we are sure to find a monopoly highly preju- dicial to the community. Sucli is, of course, the case with the necessary and extensively consumed article of tin. \ Jut\\ the passing of the act of Parliament, which received the royal assent on Thursdsy, the fiscal regulations in the tin trade were as follows. All, or nearly all, the tin pro- a need in England, paid a duty, called a " coinsge," to the Duke of Cornwall, of 4/. per ton. The fees exacted besides, and the vexations of the Stannary regulations, were com- puted to add about a 11. more to this tax; so that the whole tax amounted to about 6s. per cwt. Supposing the price of a cirt. of tin to be 4/., the duty, therefore, was about 6% pet cent, oil the value. The monopoly of the British market was secured to the Cornish gentry against the competition of Banca ot Malayan tin, brought ftom a distance ot 15,000 miles, by a protecting duty of 50s. per cwt., equal to ten times the computed duty on English tin. This, of course, amounted to prohibition; and not an ounce of foreign tin would be used in England. With this superior article, however, we supply the manufacturers of America, France, Belgium, Italy, Russia, and Turkey, to the amount of 2,000 tons per annum, and at a cost generally 25 per cent, lower than that which we use ourselves. The Cornish proprietors calling loudly fot the abolition of the coinage duty, which they said overwhelmed them, the ministry has attended to their prayer, and charged the amount to the consolidated fund, in order that the interests of the future Duke of Cornwall ( God bless him, when we have him !) might not suffer. The duke's revenue, estimated on the average of ten years, has been calculated at 19,000/. a year. To com- pensate the public for this new tax, the duty on foreign tin is reduced from 50s. to I5s. per cwt. Here, then, still is a protecting duty of 15i. per ton ; equal, when foreign tin is at 31, per cwt., a « it often is, to 25 per cent, ad valorem, and even at its present price of 75s., to one of 20 per cent. Two things are quite certain in this arrangement— namely, that his Itoyal Highness the Duke of Cornwall, or some one for him, is secured in 19,000/. a year; and that the people are to pay a new tax of the same amount. A third result is not improbable,— to wit, that the whole remission of the coinage duty will go into the pockets of the proprie- tors of the Devon and Cornish mines. It may be worth while, then, to 6ee what they are likely to gain by the bargain. The annual produce of the English mines is about 5,000 tons; which, at the moderate price of 80/. per ton, makes the total value of it 480,000/. A reduction of 6J per • cent, duty on this, will make a clear annual gain to the gentry whose property is " under ground," of 25,000/. The only prospect of advantage held out to the public, is the possible reduction in the price of tin, from the consumption, to a certain extent, of the foreign article. Is this likely to take place to any beneficial extent, in the teeth of a duty of 20 to 25 per cent? We think not; and we fancy the wise men of the West, who consented to the arrangement, thought so too, or they never would have sanctioned it.— Spectator. FOREIGN ECONOMIC POLICY.— Duringaperiod of profound peace, and in the zenith of our power, under an administra- tion invested by the House of Commons with unlimited confidence, and every required means for the promotion of our interests with the rest of mankind, our commerce and manufactures have been obstructed or prohibited with 4,000,000 of Circassians, 21,000,000 of Poles, 25,000,000 of Germans, 10,000,000 of Africans, 8,000,000 of Mexicans, and 4,000,000 of South Americans. The free intercourse of our merchant vessels with the ports of the Baltic and the Black Sea, of the southern shores of the Mediterranean, of the north western coast of Africa, of the Gulfs of Mexico and California, of the rivers and estuaries of the Uruguay and the Argentine Republic, have been interdicted by the subordinate authorities of foreign states, whose acts have been officially recognised in England, previous to their being approved of, or even known, by their own governments. Agricultural populations to the amount of 70,000,000 of our natural customers, debarred from their guaranteed lights of freedom of intercourse and exchange with England, serve to promote the rival industry of Russia, Prussia, France, and the United States, whose concerted system of restric- tions enable them already to undersell our own manufac- turers, not alone in their markets, but even in the British islands. If the result of these restrictions in Europe alone had been, up to the 5th of January of this year, a decrease in our annual exports of 12,500,000/. sterling, a diminution in our imports of 2,500,000/., and of our internal revenue to upwards of 2,000,000/., feeble indeed is the prospect, under the present government, of a restoration of our foreign influence, considering that it is since that period that the paper blockades of France hare excluded us from the markets of South America, that our commerce with Persia and central Asia is endangered to the amount of 5,000,000/. sterling; that in addition to the augmented expenditure arising from the maladministration and defence of the Canadas, we have to protect our Indian empire, threatened on the west, north, and east, whilst our naval forces are despatched, on the one side up the Persian Gulf, and on the other to Canton '.— Times. A list of petitions for private bills during the last session of Parliament, with the proceedings thereon, has just been published, from which it appears that the total number of petitions for such bills was 232. Of these 155 passed through both houses, and received tbt royal assent, including 17 railway bills; 34 for roads, bridges, and improvements; 4 for the establishment of public companies; 14 for neutrali- sation; and 17 enclosure bills. FOREIGN EUROI- EAN WHEAT DUTIES As our readers may not be generally acquainted with the scale of duties on foreign corn, we subjoin it as a matter of interest at this juncture. DUTY. When the price is 62s. and under 63s. the quarter 24s. 8d. 63s. _ 64s 23 8 64s. 65s 22 8 € 5s. 66s 21 8 66s. 67s 20 8 67s. , 68s 18 8 68s. 69s 16 8 69s. 70- 13 8 70s. 71s 10 8 71s. — 6 8 72s. 73s . J. jjisss* 2 8 78* and above 1 0 AN AGED LOAF The antiquary may be gratified with the Bight of a loaf of bread upwards of seven hundred years old. It was included in a grant of the Crown, in the reign of King John, and has remained, with the writings of the estate, in the Soars' family, of Ambaston, in Derbyshire, ever since. Our Kegworth correspondent says he has seen and handled it at intervals during the last fifty years, and finds no alteration except what may have arisen from the pilfering of a few crumbs by the curious Nottingham He view. LITERARY PROPERTY.— Under the present law of copy right, the " Lady of the Lake," for which Sir Walter Scott perhaps received a larger remuneration, comparing the sum with the number of words in the poem, than was ever be- fore paid to a British poet, was sold for two guineas; it is just now advertised for sixpence! IMPRISONMENT FOR DEBT BII. L Execution may now be taken out against, not merely goods and chattels, but every kind of security which a debtor possesses, and the whole of bis real estate, instead of a portion of it, may be taken in execution. Formerly, a man with his pockets full of money, with thousands in the funds, with mortgages for a vast amount of money, with his table loaded with exchequer bills, could not be compelled to give up any portion or his wealth to pay his debts. An astounding state of things. All this is remedied by the bill. NEW AMERICAN PATENT.— Hydrophobia waterproof hat, made of the skin of a mad dog, which is warranted not to take water. HEALTHINESS OF PRINCIPLE Of the fifty- six signers of the Declaration of Independence, it is stated that nine were born in Massachusetts; eight in Virginia; five in Maryland ; four in Connecticut; four in New Jersey ; four in Pennsylvania; four in South Carolina; three in New York; three in Delaware; two in Rhode Island; one in Maine; three in Ireland; two in England; two Jin Scot- and; and one in Wales. Twenty- one were attornies; fen mechanics; four physicians; three farmers; one printer; sixteen were men of fortune. Eight were graduates of Harvard college, four of Yale; three of New Jersey; two of Philadelphia; two of William and Mary; three of Cam- bridge, England; two of Edinburgh ; and one of St. Orners. At the time of their deaths, five were over eighty" years of age; seven between eighty and ninety; eleven between seventy and eighty; twelve between sixty and seventy; eleven between fifty and sixty; seven between forty and twenty; one died at the age of twenty seven ; and the age of two uncertain. At the time of signing the Declaration, the average of the members was forty- four years. They lived to the average of more than sixty- five years and ten months. The youngest member was Edward Rutledge, of South Carolina, who was in his twenty- seventh year. He lived to the age of fifty- one. The next youngest member was Thomas Lynch, of the same state, who was also in his twenty- seventh year. He was cast away at sea in the fall of 1776. Benjamin Franklin was the oldest member. He was in hisseventy- firstyear when hesigned the Declaration. He lived in 1790, and survived sixteen of his younger brethren. Stephen Hopkins, of Rhode Island, the next oldest member, was born in 1707, and died in 1735. Charles Carroll attained the greatest age, dying in his ninety sixth year. William EHery, of Rhode Island, died in ill's ninety- first year.— Sailor's Magazine. THE BREAD TAX The price of white wheaten bread of the first quality at Paris is 67% cr the loaf of 2 kilogrammes, which is less than 6d. the loaf of 4lbs. English weight, and the price of bread of the first quality in London being lOi^ d. the loaf of 41bf., the difference is To per cent, that bread is dearer in London than at Paris. The highest quotation of white ivheat of the first quality is 33f. the J y2 hectolitre, which equals 50s. 5d. the quarter. The highest quotation of flour of the first quality is 601. the 159 kilogrammes, which answers to 37s. 8d. the sack of 2801bs. English weight, and the highest quotation of flour of the first qua- lity in London being 65s. the sack, it follows that flour is 72i per cent, dearer in London than at Paris, and that with the sum of St. 5s. a man may buy 48315s. of fine flour at Pa- ris, whereas with the same sum he can buy only 280\ bs. in London. According to the official return, the average price of wheat in Paris for the preceding month ( July) was 19f. 82c. the hectolitre, which equals 45s. 5d. the quarter, and the average price of wheat in London during the same period being 70s. JOd., the difference is 56% per cent, that the average of London exceeds the average of Paris. The following is the state of things in other parts of France : — At Brie- Comte- Robert, the registered price of wheat of the first quality is 21f., of the Becond quality 20f. 35c., and of the third quality, 18f. 67c., which gives a mean price of 191.97c., and which answers to 45s. 9d. the quartet. At Chartres, the highest quotation of wheat is 22f., which answers to 50s. 5d. the quarter. At Douai, the quotation of white wheat is from 21f. 75c. to 23f. 50c., which is from 50s. to 53s. lOd. the quarter; and the quotation of red wheat is from 20f. to 22f., which is from 41s. lOd. to50i. 5d. the quarter. At Metz, the mean price of wheat is 17f. 12e., which answers to 39s. 2d. the quarter. At Peronne, the quotation of old wheat is from 30f. to 23f. 25c., which is from 45s. lOd. to 53s, 3d. the quartet; the quotation of new wheat is 21f., which equals 48s. Id. the quarter. At Bayonne, the quotation of wheat of the growth of the district is 19f. 50c., which equals 44s. 8d. the quarter. At Blois, the registered mean price of wheat is 19f. 30c., which answers to 44s. 2d. the quarter. At Rouen, wheat rules from 2If. 50c. to 22f. 50c., which is from 49s. 3d. to 51s. 7d. the quarter. At Soissons, the quotation of wheat of the first quality is from 265f. to 270f., of the second quality, from 256f. to 264f., and of the third quality, from 245f. to 255f., all the muid of 13 hectolitres, which gives a mean price of 19f. 94c. the hectolitre, and which answers to 45s. 8d. the quarter. The highest quotation of flour of the first quality is 53f. the 159 kilogrammes, which equals 83s, 4d. the sack of 2801bs. English weight, and the highest quotation of flour of the first quality in London being 65s. the sack, it follows that flour is 95 per cent, dearer in Lon- don than at Soissons, and that with the sum of 3/. 5s. a man may buy 5461bs. of fine flour at Soissons, whereas with the same sum he can only buy 2801bs. in London.— Times. A descendant of Oliver Cromwell has presented to the United Service Museum, the sword worn by his ancestor at the siege of Drogheda, on the 10th of September, 1649. On this occasion his troops were twice repelled in mounting the breech ; observing this, he led the troops himself the third assault, and was victorious. It is a basket- hilted broadsword, and has been struck by two musket balls on the blade. ONE OF THEM As a minister, ifr. Poulett Thomson's career is well nigh run at this moment. The legislative glory of the " young Baltic merchant," elevated to the presi- dency of the Board of Trade, waxes dim— even in Man- chester. How much the liberal press did to elevate Mr. Poulett Thomson to the seat in the cabinet, which he now occupies, cannot yet be forgotten, even by himself: how greatly that press waB mistaken, and how sensible it is of that mistake, may be inferred from the ton* of the article which we are now writing,— Sun. SIR WILLIAM SCOTT— The following is given as one of Sir William's anecdotes by Lord Brougham:—" A vicar was once," said his lordship, presiding at the admiralty ses- sions, " so wearied out with his parish- clerk confining him- self entirely to the 100th psalm, that he remonstrated, and insisted upon a variety, which the man promised, but, old habit proving too strong for him, the old words were as usual given out next Sunday, ' All people that on earth do dwell.' Upon this the vicar's temper could holdout no longer, and, jutting his head over the desk, he cried ' D n all people that on earth do dwell!'"— a very compendious form of anathema, added the learned chief of the spiritual court. EMERY.— In February, 1806, he was to act the Sentinel in Pizarro. At the time he was to have made his appear- ance no Stntinel was to be found. An attempt was made to omit the part altogether, at which the audience expressed their disapprobation, and Kemble addressed them. He stated that the absence of Mr. Emery was unaccountable, as he was one of the most regular men in the establishment, and he was proceeding, when on walked Emery, in propria persona.—" Ladies and gentlemen, said he, " upon my honour I am truly sorry to appear before you in a manner apparently so culpable, but my wife has lately been in that state to which most men that are married aie liable." This involuntary bull, which proceeded from the agitation of his feelings, excited much laughter. He resumed " It is, indeed, a family business." A general laugh again pervaded the house; and, finding that this homely exposition of his lady being in the straw was likely to serve him well, he concluded thus:—" During seven years that I have had the honour of appearing before this tribunal, I have never before been found guilty of a remission of my duty; but this is a family complaint, however imperfectly I may have explained it. I trust I shall experience that indulgence which has always been extended to even less excusable cases. In a few minutes I shall, with your permission, be properly attired to appear before you." On bis appearance, as the Sentinel, he was warmly applauded. Holla's question to him, " Have you any children?" and his answer, " I have," renewed the risibility of the audience.— New Monthly for August. SLAVERY IN TIIK FRENCH COLONIES.— The colonial ques- tion begins to dominate all others for the present in France. The colonists are exerting themselves to ward off the two evils by which they are assailed at once— emancipation of their slaves, and their exclusion from the home market by the production of beet- root sugar. Each French colony has a delegate in Paris, salaried almost as largely as a minis- ter. With this they have tempted liberal deputies and ad- vocates to become their delegates and champions, witness M. Maugin. But the result has been obloquy to the deputy accepting the post, rather than profit to the colony. Guada- loupe and Bourbon have just chosen Messrs. Daufaureand Laurence for their delegates. The former has refused, and it is not thought that the latter can accept. At the same time Nantes, Bordeaux, and other seaports, have formed a commission for directing their efforts to procure a diminu- tion of the duty on eolonial sugar. The present delegates have prayed the government for an ordinance permitting the French colonies to export their sugar to other ports than those of France. On this subject the minister, not well knowing what course to take, has asked the advice of the Superior Council of Commerce. The members of this council being not in sufficient numbers in Paris, the advice, and, consequently, the issuing of such an ordinance, is de- ferred. According to statistical notices published by the present Minister of Marine, the four French colonies alone worthy of being taken into account, contained the following free and slave population :— At the close of 1835 Martinique had a population of 116,031, of which 38,000 were free, without distinction of colour, the rest were slaves. Of the 38,000 free, 29,000 were men of colour. Guadaloupe, at the end of 1835 counted 31,252 freemen, and 96,322 slaves; and of the free two- thirds were men of colour. Bourbon, at the end of 1836, counted about 40,000 free, and 70 000 slaves. French Guiana, at the end of 1836, counted 6,656 free, and 16,705 slaves., Of the free little more than 1,000 were whites. The French legislature, lias, therefore, to deal with a popu- lation of about 260,000 slaves. The French government, under Loui3 XVIII. and Charles X. favoured or tolerated, not merely the slave system, but the slave trade. A solemn report of a parliamentary commission, presided by M. Passy, passed this judgment; and, indeed, the statesman of the epoch scarcely denied it. SI. de Chateaubriand, in his recent work on the Congress of Verona, admits that he there opposed the efforts of the British plenipotentiaries, because, quoth that most egregious of political coxcombs, the zeal ot England for the abolition of the slave trade is purely for her own interests, and to prevent other nations from profiting by what she has abandoned. From statesmen actuated by such principles nothing else could have been expected. In 1831 the abolition of the trade began to be seriously and sincerely acted on bv France. In 1832 the patrones were legally entitled to thiir freedom. In 1833, the colonial legislatures were reft rm ; d, but to no purpose; the resistance to projects of amelioration from home, were re- sisted even more strenuously in the new than in the old coun- cils. In 1836 government proposed issuing ordnances insuring the private property of the pecule of the slave, and at the same time his right of redemption. The eolonial legislatures replied, " that slavery was the great social law of the colo- nies," and that the government had no right to issue any such ordinance. It is thus evident that the contrary prin- ciple, that of abolition, must be decreed, prepared, and finally enforced by the mother country. The Chamber of Deputies are determined on passing some legislative mea- sure. To prepare one that will answer expectations in France, without exciting too much opposition in the colo- nies, is the present task and consideration of the French cabinet.— Morning Chronicle. FRANCIA— Many years before Francia became a public man, lie quarrelled with his father; though the latter was ill the wrong. They spoke not, met not, for years. At length the father was laid on his deathbed; and before ren- dering up his great and final account, he desired to be at peace with his son Jose Gaspar. This was intimated to the latter; but lie refused the proffered reconciliation. The old man's illness was increased by the abdurancy of his son ; and, indeed, he showed a horror of quitting1 the world without mutual forgiveness taking place. He conceived his soul to be endangered by remaining at enmity with his first- born. Again, a few hours before he breathed his last, he got some of Francis's relatives to go to him and implore him to receive the dying benediction of his father. He refused: they told him his father believed his soul could not reach heaven unless it departed in peace with his son. Human nature shudders at the final answer which that son returned : " Then tell my father, that I care not if his soul descend to hell." The old man died almost raving, and calling for his son Jose Gaspar. Soon after Francia became Dictator, as, on his accustomed ride to the Quartel, or barrack outside the town, he passed the door of an old Spaniard, Don Jose Carisimo, his horse stumbled slightly on crossing a gutter which was somewhat oat of repair. The Dictator sent word to Carisimo, to have it put to rights; but by some accident the repair was not Jlnis/ ied next afternoon, when Francia again passed. The moment he got to the barrack, he ordered Carisimo, who, though not rich, was a very respectable old gentleman, to be thrown into the common prison, anil put in heavy nous; from which he was told he would be released when he had paid a fine of ten thousand dollars, or two thousand pounds. Carisimo had not the money; and his family hoped that ere long the Dictator, seeing the offence was so trifling, would relent. They knew not as yet the man. Old Carisimo was corpulent, and the irons which be wore pressed into his flesh. The fact was reported to Francia. " Then" said he " let him purchase larger ones for himself:" and accordingly, the wretched wife o! tiie prisoner was left to perform the sad office of ordering her husband's fetters. The ten thousand dollars were ultimately raised by Carisimo's friends, and paid to Francia; and the prisoner was then set at liberty. When I was myself in company with Francia, he seldom or never permitted me to see the dark side of his character. Any business I had to transact with him, I always did by caUing upon him in the early part of the day. My visits to him in the evening were always of his own seeking. Before the Dictatorship, the message invariably delivered to me by an officer or one of his bodygaurd was " Suplica el Senor Consul que se vaya V. a casa del Gobierno"—" The Consul begs that you will go to the Government house." And after he became Dictator, it was" Manda et Supremo que past V. a verlo"—" The supreme orders that you go and see him." He ahvays received me with great urbanity, in fiis small dark and dismal- looking room, situated at the extremity of a low black corridor. One tallow candle generally stood on a small round one- legged table, at which not more than three persons could be seated. This was the dining- table of the abso'ute lord of that part of the world. A mate and a cigar, handed by an old and ill- dressed negress, or by a black man, the only servants Francia had, were the refresh- ments to which he invited me. I once sent him a dozen bottles of porter, ( more highly thought of by me in Assump- tion than you would think of a hogshead of Lafitte in Eng- land;) and three days afterwards, on paying a visit to His Excellency, the first bottle which had been drawn, half full and without a cork, was brought in, and a wineglass was filled with Meux's " entire sour," and presented tome. I told Francia that we drank porter from tumblers; and that s bottle once opened must at once he finished. Francia amiled: " I thought" said he, it was rather sour to day at dinner; but come, we shall drink a bottle in English style." His dinner consisted generally of two dishes ; or of one, with a little caldo, or broth ; and water was his beverage. One forenoon his frugal meal was placed on the table before I had taken my departure. I took up my hat. " I do not ask you" said the Dictator, with some consideration for my comfort, " I do not ask you to hacer penitencia, for 1 know a good and substantial dinner and plenty of wine are indispensable to an Englishman."— Letters on Para- quay. ^ mmmmmm^ m^ m^ m^ m UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE. MESSRS. MOIR AND PURDIE. " Peace, Law, Order." ( Cheers.) The querist referred to the speeches of Mr. F. O'Connor. Mr. Moir and several individuals denied that Mr. O'Connor had advised physical force, and attributed the misrepresentation of that gentle- man's language to a base hireling press. The querist replied that it was not from the Whig press he had learned Mr. O'Connor advised the people to arm themselves, but from the Northern Star. The meeting seemed unanimous in denouncing physical force. A discussion ensued as to the propriety of enrolling new members, and appointing office- bearers to the Radical Association, but it was resolved to call a meeting for that purpose on Monday night. On Tuesday evening a meeting of the friends of universal suffrage, & c. was held in the Lyceum, to hear the report of Messrs. Moir and Purdie, the deputation from Glasgow to the great meeting at Birmingham ; also to consider the re- gulations of the new Radical association, and to elect office- bearers. Deacon Carse having been called to the chair, a letter was read from Mr. Purdie, excusing himself from attendance on account of indisposition. The letter, among other things, stated that the appointment of eight members of the general committee from Birmingham was made at the request of himself and Mr. Moir, who thought it pro- per that a sufficient number of members should always be at hand to form a quorum. Mr. MOIR then gave the meeting a detailed account of the proceedings at Birmingham, and of the part which he and Mr. Purdie took in those proceedings. He described their reception as cheering in the highest degree, and spoke warmly of the enthusiasm which prevailed among the people of England, wherever they had been roused to action. He stated, that after leaving Birmingham, Mr. Purdie and himself, accompanied by the Manchester delegates, struck down into the Potteries of Staffordshire, and held a meeting in Hanley, where they endeavoured to explain the principles on which they were acting, and so far succeeded in rousing the people, that they left them appointing a committee to follow out the objects of the National Petition. They afterwards attended a meeting of the Political Union a't Manchester. Wherever they went and explained to the people the do- nothing character of the Whigs, and the ne- cessity for universal suffrage, they found them ready enough to join them. As in Scotland, the people had been dispi- rited, and scattered, and broken down ; but when the ob- jects set forth in the National Petition, viz universal suf- frage, annual parliaments, vote by ballot, payment for mem- bers, and no qualification,— were laid before them, as tangible points, round which they could rally, a spirit of animation entered into them, which showed that they were deeply alive to the importance of obtaining their rights. Mr. Moir, after concluding his report, said, he was sorry to observe, from the Argus of Monday, that the editor, for whom he had a very great respect, had been making some remarks on the Birmingham meeting, not so very creditable to him as he should have liked. He said—" We have no faith in the nostrums propounded and approved of at these meet- ings." But as he did not state what these nostrums were, it was out of their power to give any answer to a charge so vague. The editor then went on to say, that " a petition embracing 6tlch a multiplicity of objects, upon which the Reformers are divided among themselves, was not calculated to unite the public in that manner that could alone command success." Now, there was no great multiplicity of objects in the petition; the number was very limited indeed, amounting to five only; that Reformers were to a certain extent divided lie admitted, and theie could be no doubt they would remain so as long as the Whigs were in power; but lie had not the shadow of a doubt that the largest por- tion of them would ultimately join with the body of the people; that a part of the Whigs would also join the Tories, lie had as little doubt, as it was abundantly evident, that n number of these men wished only to keep the Whigs in and the Tories out; but they ( the Radicals) did not merely want that— they wished a substantial change of the govern- ment, a real removal of abuses, and a reduction of the public burdens ; for he held that if the changes they were anxious for did not produce these results— did not give the people better food and clothing— then was their desire of a change a mere delusion. But it was said, that " Reformers were divided among themselves." Why he thought, on the whole, they were wonderfully unanimous. Their meetings went off with the greatest unanimity, and if there were dissentients, none of them ever appeared to state their opinions. The Whigs were always willing enough to come before the people in their public meetings, when they thought they would carry things their own way; but he had never found one man bold enough to come manfully forward before the public, and deny the right of the people to uni- versal suffrage. ( Cheers.) He should like to know where the want of unanimity was. If there were persons opposed to the people obtaining that right, let them come to their meetings and tell then so. Mr. Moir then went on to speak in favour of universal suffrage, and afterwards re- ferred to that part of the editorial article ill the Argus, which stated that " a legislative council of forty- nine, eiglit ofwhom were nominated by a select coterie, and acquiesced in at a public meeting at Birmingham, were neither entitled to nor could command that influence which was necessary to give effect to their views." Now, as stated in the letter from Mr. Purdie, the men of Birmingham were requested by Mr. Purdie and himself, to appoint eight members of the committee, as they thought it of great importance that these men, who had taken the lead, should have the power of forming, when they pleased, a quorum in the meetings of the committee. Mr. M., after dissenting from the views of Mr. Attwood on the currency question, and he never expected that the people could he of the same opinion on all matters, again urged upon the meeting the necessity of adhering to the National Petition, and sat down amid loud cheers. A vote of thanks was then given to the deputation by the meeting. A question was put by n person in the meeting— Whether the Radicals of England or of Scotland had any idea of having recourse to physical force? ( Hisses.) Mr. Moir replied that there was no such feeling : their motto was— RECOVERY OF TENEMENTS ACT. The object of this act Is to provide a more cheap and summary mode of recovering possession of tenements be- low the annual value of 201. The following are the prin- cipal provisions:— That from and after the passing of this act, when and so soon as the term or interest of the tenant of any house, land, or other corporeal hereditaments held by him at will, or t'oi any term of years, either without being liable to the pay- ment of any rent, or at a tent under the payment of 20/. a year, and upon which no fine shall have been reserved or made payable, shall have ended, or shall have been duly determined by a legal notice to quit or otherwise, and such tenants, or ( if such tenant do not actually occupy the pre- mises, or only occupy a patt thereof) any person by whom the sane or any part thereof shall be then actually occupied, shall neglect or refuse to quit and deliver up possession of the premises, or of such part thereof respectively, it shall be lawful for the landlord of the said premises, ot his agent, to cause the person so neglecting and refusing to quit and de- liver up possession, to be served ( in the manner hereinafter mentioned) with a written notice, in the form set forth in the schedule to this act, signed by the said landlord or his agent, of bis intention to proceed to recover possession un- der the authority and according to the mode prescribed in this act; and if the tenant ot occupier shall not thereupon appear at the time and place appointed, to show, to the sa- tisfaction of justices hereinafter mentioned, reasonable cause why possession should not be given under the provisions of this act, and shall still neglect or refuse to deliver up pos- session of the premises, or of such part thereof of which he is then in possession, to such landlord or his agent, it shall be lawful for such landlord or agent to give to the justices proof of the holding, and of the end or other determination of the tenancy, with the time or manner thereof, and where the title of the landlord has accrued since the letting of the premises, the right by which he claims the possession, and upon proof of service of the notice, and of the neglect or refusal of the tenant or occupier, as the case may be, it shall be lawful for the justices acting for the district, divi- sion, or place within which the said premises, or any patt thereof, shall be situate, in petty sessions assembled, or any two of them, to issue a warrant under the hands and seals to the constables and peace officers of the district or place within which the said premises, or any part of them, shall be situate, commanding them, within a period to be therein named, not less than twenty- one nor more than thirty clear days from the date of such warrant, to enter ( by force if needful) into the premises, and give possession of the same to such landlord or agent; provided always, that entry upon any such warrant shall not be made on a Sunday, Good Friday, or Christmas Day, or at any time, except between the hours of nine in the morning and four in the afternoon ; provided also, that nothing herein contained shall be deemed to protect any person on whose application and to whom any such warrant shall be granted, from any action which may be brought against him by any such tenant or occupier, for or in respect of such entry and taking posses- sion, where such person had not, at the time of granting the same, lawful right to the possession of the same premises. The third clause of the act provides for staying the execu- tion of the warrant, in case the tenant dispute the right of the landlord to recover possession. The tenant is to enter in a bond with two sufficient sureties, to sue the landlord without delay, as a trespasser for obtaining the warrant of possession, and to pay any costs to which the landlord may be entitled in case he should obtain a verdict; and the exe- cution of the warrant is to be stayed until such action shall have been tried, or otherwise determined. By the provisions for giving security for costs, all mere vexatious litigation will be effectually prevented. FRENCH PASSPORT REGULATIONS. The following is a copy of the new police regulations of the French government, which have recently been issued by order of His Excellency the Minister of the In- terior. " Article I. No foreigners are permitted to travel or reside in France without a special authorisation from the director of the police. " Art. 2. Every Foreigner, on arriving in a seaport or frontier town, is to present himself before the local authori- ties, to produce his passport, and deposit it in their hands. " Art. 3. If the passport be regular, and there be no reason to suspect the intentions of the bearer, the local authorities are to give him or her in exchange a French pass- port, bearing the words " Passe provisoire" inscribed immediately under the arms of France, for any place in the kingdom the foreigner may specify, and for which, a fee of two francs is required. " Art. 4. The original passport is immediately transmit- ted to the police at Paris, and after being signed, is either returned to the foreigner, or forwarded for that purpose to the municipal authorities of the place to which he may have proceeded with the provisional passport. " Art. 5. Foreigners having a provisional passport must proceed to their destination by the route specified in the passport, which they are not to change, and are to present themselves before the local authorities within twenty- four hours after their arrival, who will return them the original in exchange for the provisional passport. If, however, the original passport should not have arrived, they must wait under the superintendence of the municipal authorities until the director of the police shall have made known his intention. " Art. 6. The signature of the director of the police authorises foreigners to travel and reside in the interior of the country during the space of one year, provided they observe the regulations of the general and local police. " Art. 7. No Provisional passport can be given to a foreigner arriving without a passport, or with a passport of which the validity is doubtful. In such cases the local authorities are directed to state the circumstances to the di- rector of police, and ask his orders. The foreigner in the meantime remains under their superintendence. " Art. 8. If a foreigner, after his arrival in France, wishes merely to go to any town or place situated in the same or in a contiguous department, and the period of his stay is not to exceed one month, the local authorities will deliver him a limited provisional passport, merely acquainting the director of police with his anival, without transmitting the original passport to Paris, which remains in their hands, and is res tored to the owner on his return. " Art. 9. Persons charged with public missions, as cou- riers extraordinary, are not compelled to'deposit their pass- ports at the frontiers, but are permitted to continue their journeys aft r they have produced their passports, except in cases where it is suspected that they are not the persons they represent themselves to be. The local authorities will give notice of their passage through the country to the direc tor of police. " Art. 10. The passports given by the Members of the foreign corps diplomatiqu. es, resident at Paris, to the subjects of their respective sovereigns, either to travel abroad, or to return to their own countries, must be countersigned by the director of police, and by the Minister for Foreign Affairs." ATROCIOUS MURDER. THAMES POLICE- OFFICE— John Clark, the chief mate of the ship Eleanor, from Quebec, and Alexander Mitchell, the cook of the same vessel, were charged with the wilful murder of a seaman, named Benjamin Driscoll, otherwise Yarmouth, on the homeward voyage to London. Stephen Carty, a seaman on board the Eleanor, deposed that on the 14th of July, it was his watch on deck. Tiie prisoners, and a man named Bill, and a boy called Jack, were in the same watch It was the deceased's watch be- low, and he ought to have gone to his hammock, but the mate detained him on deck, and would not let him go below. Witness was stationed at the helm, and the de- ceased was directed by the mate to walk about with a handspike on his shoulder as a punishment. He remained at the helm until two o'clock, and the deceased was, up to that time and for some time afterwards, compelled to walk the deck with the handspike, the mate saying he would make a soldier of him. The cook was placed as a sentry over the scuttle, to prevent Yarmouth ( the deceased) from leaving the deck. Towards three o'clock the mate said, if Yarmouth would sing a song he would let him go below to his berth. Yarmouth did sing, and the mate then laughed at him, and said he should remain on deck. Yarmouth said he was very tired, and wanted rest; and offered to receive half- a- dozen stripes, with a rope, from the boy Jack, if be were allowed to go below. He said he did not care whe- ther it was a rope or a hand- saw, and he would receive the punishment on his back without flinching, if the mate would only allow him half- an- hour's rest. The mate said he should not have the rope's ending unless he took off his trousers. Yarmouth said he would not take off his trousers for any one, and the mate said he should not go below unless he did pull them down. Yarmouth at last said, that to get below for twenty minutes or half an hour he would take it so. The mate then sent the boy Jack for a point ( a strong rope, tarred at the end) to flog the man with. The boy went in seareh of a point, and brought itto the mate, who told the cook to bold Yarmouth over the windlass end. The mate hauled Yarmouth's trousers down, and the cook held him over the windlass end, and the mate punished him with a point across his posteriors. The mate after that laughed at Yarmouth, and would not let him leave the deck, but sen! the boy down for eight or nine nettings ( small twisted lines whipped at one end, with which the hammocks are made fast). The nettings were brought, and the deceased was held down by the cook » while the mate punished him across the bare posteriors and loins. ( The witness described the position in which Yar- mouth was held by the cook with his bead downwards.) At four o'clock in the morning his watch on deck was re- lieved, and ha went below, leaving the deceased on deck. He smv no more of him until between seven and eight o'clock, when he heatd the captain call out " Yarmouth,'* and ordered the second mate to send a rope down to haul him up, as he was stiff. When he went upon deck at eight o'clock with his watch, the deceased was brought on the deck stiff. He was brought from the forecastle and laid oil the quarter- deck. He was not dead, but could not move or speak. He had only his shirt and trousers on. The mate tubbed him on the side, which was discoloured, and appeared like a bullock's liver. Captain Clark, the master of the Eleanor, said, that was occasioned by a fall from the wind/ ass- end on to the chain cable. All hands were present when that was said. He saw no fall, and the captain did not see it. He only said he had heard of it. The deceased was taken below, and died at hnlf- past four o'clock in tha afternoon. He was brought up between six and seven o'clock sewed up in his hammock, and launched overboard like a cow or a horse. He requested that prayers might be read over him, and asked for a prayer- book to read the burial service fot the dead, but the master abused him, and would not give him one. Witness then burst out a crying, fot he did not like to see the body of a man treated so. The deceased was in good health from the 21st of June until he was killed. He never saw him in better health than he was on the morning of the 14th before he was flogged. The deceased was on deck from twenty to twenty- four hours before lie was punished, without going below. He sung out while he was being punished, and said, '• Girt me an hour's rest, and I will do any thing." He also said, " God help me, don't strike me 60 strong." The cook held the deceased down forcibly while the mate flogged him with the nettings. Mr. Broderip: Did the mark9 on his loins appear to have been caused by the flogging he received? Witness: They did sir ; it was like bullock's liver. Charles Cumming, a seaman, deposed as follows:— I was in the same watch with Carty. All I know is this, that Yarmouth was served very cruelly. He was on deck all the night of the 13th of July. I came up at twelve, it was then Yarmouth's watch below, but the mate would not let him go below, and sent him aloft to grease the masts as a punishment. When he came down the mate ordered him to carry a handspike across his shoulders, and march about like a soldier. Yarmouth was very tired, and said he would let the boy flog him if the mate would let him go below. The mate said he should not go below, and sent the boy after a point, with which he flogged the deceased shame- fully. The cook was then present, but did not hold him the first time. The mate then said if Yarmouth would sing; a song lie would let him go below. Yarmouth sung a song, but the mate would not let him after that. The deceased said he would do anything, he would take another half- dozen if the mate would let him go below and get half- an- hour's rest. By the mate's orders I pulled his trowsers down, and the cook threw him on the windlass- end, and the mate flogged him with eight or nine nettings. It was light at the time, and between three and four in the morn- ing. I was close along side of him, and he said, " Oh Lord ! don't hit me so hard," and he put his hand up t » ward off the blows. The blow fell on his bare posteriors and loins, and he saw black marks on his person while they were punishing him. There was no blood on his body, but he bled at the nose a good deal while lie was being flogged with the nettings. The prisoner Mitchel the cook, held the deceased forcibly on the windlass- end and pressed his head and shoulders to keep him down. After Yarmouth had been flogged a second time, he said lie would sing another song, or do anything to be allowed to go below, but the mate would not let him. After that he asked for a drink of water, and the mate relieved him- self iti a pot and offered Yarmouth the urine to drink, and laughed at him. The poor fellow was very weak and cold, anil the mate said he was fainting, and told the boy, Jack, to get five or six pints of salt water out of the stink tub. The boy got some pannikins of water and threw ovet the dying man. The boy, Jack, also got some fowls' dung, which he placed on a stick, and rubbed it on Yarmouth's lips. The mate did not check him; but he did not think the mate told him to do it. At four o'clock I went below, and about half- past eight or nine o'clock Yarmouth was almost a corpse, and the captain ordered him to be carriedl on deck, that the air might do him a little good. He was carried on deck. At that time he could neither move hand nor foot; he shook his head but never spoke afterwards He had a great swelling on his belly, and they rubbed him while he was on the deck. The mate rubbed him with spirits, but it^ was all in vain. The mate laughed andjoked about it, and said it was the cramp. Mr. Broderip: Where was the captain all the time? Witness: He was on deck, sir, all the day, but not when he was punished. After he was rubbed by the mate, the captain sent for a piece of flannel to put round Yar- mouth's loins, nnd after we had dragged his wet clothes off BB well as we could, we took him below. His loins and posteriors were very black, and so were both groins. There was a great lump in his belly; I think it was done by the blows. I stopped along side of him until he died, which occrred at half- past four in the afternoon. I asked the captain to let me look at his watch when he died, and he did so. I know nothing about his falling down at all. Robert Edgar, the carpenter of the ship, a very unwil- ling witness, was called. He said the man called Yar- mouth, whose real name was Benjamin Driscoll, was in the same watch with him, the master's watch. He re- membered the morning of the 13th of July, and the morning of the 14th. He was on deck all day, and, as carpenter, had no night watch on deck. He turned out at six o'clock in the morning, as near as he could guess. The deceased was then in his bed in the fore- castle. Mr. Broderip: What state was he in? Witness: I can't say exactly. Mr. Brodetip: Was he well or ill ? Witness: I can't say; I know nothing. Mr. Broderip: You must know what state he was in? Witness: I did not know he was ill until I had my watch. Mr. Broderip: Had he any fall to make him ill? Witness: Why, I suppose he had. Sir. Broderip: What is your reason for supposing so? Witness : The second mate told me he had had a fall. Mr. Broderip: Is that your only reason for supposing so ? Witness: Yes sir, that is all. Edgar continued : I saw him between half- past six and seven o'clock. He was in a very low state, and the master made me and the second mate fetch him on deck. He was not able to walk and did not speak. He was in a very low dull state, and we laid him down upon deck, and the master looked at him and thought he was in a very sound sleep, and ordered him to be taken below again arid put in bed, where he was before. He stopped in there until between eight and nine o'clock, when the master ordered him to be brought on deck again, and he was taken on to the quarter deck. When I went on deck with my tools, the second mate said the man had had a fall, and was ill. In answer to questions by Mr. Pelham, solicitor for Clarke, the witness said the deceased was in a low weak state for two or three weeks before his death, and could scarcely stand on his legs. Mr. Broderip ( to the chief clerk): Now put that down, Mr. Symons. The effect of it is this, that while he was in a very weak state, and not able to stand, he was severely flogged. Was the man in a fit state to be kept twenty or twenty- four hours walking about the deck with a hand- spike on his shouldei ? Witness : No, sir; he was not in a fit state, certainly not. It was half- past six or seven o'clock when be was taken on deck, and the master said, " I will take him below again." Between eight and nine o'clock he was taken on deck ; what became of him afterwards I don't know. Mr. Broderip : No ; you will know nothing about it. The apprentice Beavis was also examined, and his evi- dence, so far as it went, corroborated that previously given. Mr. Evans, the principal surveyor, read from the log as follows : — " Sunday, July 15, 1838.— The unfortunate Benjamin Driscoll departed this life after a fall, which happened at half- past four o'clock this morning." Mr. Broderip: Let that be impounded and produced on the trial. It is in the prisoner Clarke's own handwriting. Mr. Evans : It is, sir; he always made up the log. Mr. Broderip: Is there any entry relating to any illness of the unfortunate man, or that he was off duty belore tha 15th of July. Mr. Evans : None whatever, sir, either of his punishment or otherwise. Mr. Broderip: Has the poor man who lost his life any friends or relatives here? Mr. Evans : None, sir. Mr. Broderip: Then I have to request you will attend to this prosecution. The case must undergo a searching inves- tigation, for it is a very bad one. The witnesses were then bound over to prosecute, anil the prisoners were committed for trial for the wilful murder of Driscoll. THE BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, AUGUST 25. NATIONAL RENT— CONVENTION. AT a Meeting of the DELEGATES appointed at the GREAT MIDLAND DEMONSTRATION of the 6 til August, 183S, to attend the GENERAL CON- VENTION of the INDUSTRIOUS CLASSES,— pre- sent, Philip Henry Muntz, George Edmonds, Benjamin Hadley, John Pierce, John Collins, Thomas Clutton Salt, and Robert Kellie Douglas, ROBERT KELLIE DOUGLAS, in the Chair, It was resolved,— That copies of the resolutions by which the said Delegates liare been appointed, and by which a NATIONAL RENT ias been declared to be necessary and expedient, and the charge of the same vested ad interim in the said Delegates, be transmitted to all the Reformers of the United Kingdom, that are likely to promote the objects of the General Con- vention bv their aid and influence. Thatallcontributions towards the NATIONAL RENT, made previous to the assembling of the General Convention, be deposited with Messrs. Prescott, Grote, and Co., bankers, London, in the names and to the account of GEORGE FREDERICK MUNTZ, of Water- street, Birmingham, and of Briton Ferry, near Swansea, South Wales, manufacturer; PHILIP HENRY MUNTZ, of St. Paul's square, Birmingham, and of Whitehall- house, in the county of Stafford, merchant; and ROBERT KELLIE DOUGLAS, of New- street, Birmingham, to be held by them in trust until the said assembling. That the following Address, explanatory of the grounds en which a NATIONAL RENT has been thought ad- visable, and of the purposes to which it is meant to be de- voted ; as well as of the principles that ought to regulate the choice of Delegates to the GENERAL CONVEN- TION of the Industrious Classes, be adopted as the Ad- dress of this Meeting, and circulated with the resolutions referred to:— " ADDRESS, & C. " In transmitting to the Reformers of the empire the resolutions passed at the meeting of the MIDLAND DISTRICT OF ENGLAND, on the 6th August; and those agreed to at the first meeting of the DELEGATES to the GENERAL CONVENTION appointed at that meeting, it is considered suitable to point out the import- ance of a general and early compliance with the resolutions approving of a NATIONAL RENT; and to set forth the reasons why it has been deemed expedient, as well as the means by which it maybe most readily carried into effect. '* Although the personal expenses of the several Delegates will be defrayed by those communities which they respec- tively represent, it is plain that very considerable expenses must be incurred by the GENERAL CONVENTION, which can only be provided for by the contributions of the kingdom at large. It will be necessary to keep up a very extensive correspondence; to inform, by missions or other- wise, those places where the principles of the NATIONAL PETITION may be imperfectly, or not at all, known ; to maintain and extend those principles where they are known; to diffuse everywhere such a spirit of union and energy, as may give a fair prospect of success to the labours of the Convention; which, without a general and effective co- operation, can only end in disappointment and mortification. " Not only is a NATIONAL RENT directly essential to the progress and completion of the task imposed upon the CONVENTION, but the indirect influence of such a rent will have a great and decided operation on both. For, if Reformers shall refuse to entertain the resolution of the MIDLAND DISTRICT; or, having entertained it, shall contri- bute slowly, partially, or niggardly, they will give to the enemies of UNIVERSAL SUFFRAGE an argument, of which tliey will not be slack to avail themselves, and which alone can bring ultimate defeat to the cause, namely, that the UNIVERSAL PEOPLE are careless whether the battle be won or lost. Thus Reformers may plainly see that, whether they respect the strengthening ot those hands, to which they have committed the vindication of their great rights, or the weakening of the hands of their enemies, they cannot too soon, or too earnestly, or too unitedly, comply with the resolution. " As a uniformity of plan will very much facilitate such compliance, the BIRMINGHAM DELEGATION offer, for the regulation of their brother Reformers, the fol- lowing instructions :— ' As soon as this circular has been received, let the person or persons to whom it shall have been addressed, take proper means for calling a meeting to appoint collectors of the NATIONAL RENT. ' Atsuch meeting, let the town or district be divided into as many divisions as may be convenient; and let each division be minutely and scrupulously canvassed by per- sons ( not less than two for each division,) named by the meeting for that purpose. " Let the canvassers, so appointed, form a NATIONAL RENT COMMITTEE, to meet every Monday evening, in order to receive a report of the progress of the canvas, and to take account of the various sums subscribed. * In every case, where the sum subscribed amounts to £ 5, or more, let it be transmitted to Messrs. Prescott, Grote, and Co., and an intimation be given thereof, as directed below. It is of the greatest importance, in the way of example to friends, anil of admonition to enemies, that the transmissions and reports should take place weekly. 4 In order that the NATIONAL RENT may not fall unequally or over heavily, it will be proper, that at every meeting to appoint collectors, a specific sum be fixed as the contribution of the town or district— such sum to be not less than at the rate of £ 2 10s. for every thousand of the population ; and, to make the collection practicable, that not less than sixpence shall be con- tributed by each subscriber;— it being always under- stood, that the generosity of persons or districts is in no respect to be restricted ; but that all shall be invited and recommended to show their devotion to the cause, ac- cording to their best means and inclination. ' Lastly, it is considered most proper and orderly that the collection of the NATIONAL RENT shall, if pos- sible, commence all over the United Kingdom on the first Monday of October : and be completed by the first Monday of January next.' " On the subject of electing Delegates to the GENE- RAL CONVENTION, the BIRMINGHAM DE- LEGATION offer the following suggestions, which they call upon all Reformers to accept in unity of spirit: — " By law, such Delegates must be chosen at a public meeting publicly summoned: but in order to give to the choice due influence, as well as legality, it is absolutely necessary that no election shall take place unless the meeting be numerous as well as public. " As the number of the Convention is limited, it is not expedient that districts of less than twenty- five thousand inhabitants, should be called upon to nominate Delegates. As the task assigned to the Convention is one of the greatest importance, it is essential, that in choosing Dele- gates, only able, and reputable, and discreet, and known persons, be fixed upon; and, in order that no offence may arise on religious grounds, that the Delegates shall in all cases be Laymen. " Every appointment of Delegates must be immediately communicated, and a copy of the resolution of appointment, authenticated by the chairman of the meeting, transmitted to Robert Kellie Douglas, Birmingham, together with the address of each Delegate." R. K. DOUGLAS, Chairman. Birmingham, August 20th, 1888. N. B. Subscriptions towards the National Rent, whether by individuals or associations, will be most secuiely and conveniently transmitted through a local banker, to whom, along with the sum to be remitted, must be given a note of particulais, in the following form : — " A , day of , 1838. " To Messrs. B — C , Bankers, in A , " Gentlemen, receive herewith the sum of pounds, shillings, pence, which please pay to Messrs. Frescott, Grote, and Co., Bankers, London, to the credit of George Fredeiick Muntz, Philip Henry Muntz, and Robert Kellie Douglas. " D E " And on the same day on which the remittance is made, the party making it must give information of the same to Robert Kellie Douglas, New- street, Birmingham, in the following form : — " A , day of , 1839. " Sir, I have this day, on behalf of , paid to Messrs. B C , Bankers, in A , the sum of £ s. d,, to be placed with Messrs. Pres- cott, Grote, and Co. to the credit of the interim Trustees of the National Rent. " D E " RESOLUTIONS agreed to at the GREAT MID- LAND DEMONSTRATION, held at Holloway- head, Birmingham, on the 6th of August, 18138 : — " That GEORGE FREDERICK MUNTZ, PHILIP HENRY MUNTZ, ROBERT KELLIE DOUGLAS, THOMAS CLUTTON SALT, BENJAMIN HAD LEY, JOHN PIERCE, GEORGE EDMONDS, and JOHN COLLINS, be appointed Delegates from this meeting to attend a GENERAL CONVENTION of the Industrious Classes, not exceeding forty- nine in number, to be assembled in London, for the purpose of adopting every legal measure which may be considered necessary to induce Parliament to cairy the great objects of tlie NATIONAL PETITION into a law." " That as the cause of Radical Reform is truly the cause of file nation at large; and requires for its due progress and Buccess, the earnest and hearty support of the nation, there be forthwith raised, for the purpose of accelerating such progress, and ensuring 6ucli success, a NATIONAL ' ' KEN'fttriie placed at the disposal of the GENERAL / - COJflr^ JtjTON of the INDUSTRIOUS CLASSES, at tljetr^ etobling in London, and that it be an instruction to tlie Di^ wnes this day appointed, to act ad interim as a coiiJ. nktec. faiVarrying this resolution into effect." ANNUAL GOOSEBERRY SHOW, SUN TAVERN, BRISTOL- ROAD. WWICKETT informs the Public th'at the An- • nual Gooseberry Show is fixed for MONDAY, AUGUST 27, 1838. After the Show, DINNER will be provided, which will be on the Table at Five o'clock precisely. Tickets 2i. each. The Company of any Gentleman will be esteemed a favour. EMIGRATION AND INDEPENDENCE ANOTHER LECTURE will be delivered on MONDAY NIGHT, at Seven o'clock, in the As- sembly Room, Old Square. Admission, 3d. each. Prospectuses, & c., of the Philanthropic Australian Emi- gration Society, to be had of Mr. Sheaf. Just published, price Is., THE KEY to GREEN'S ENGLISH GRAM- MAR, with a Summary Review of Syntax, by the Author of the Grammar. Price of Grammar, Is. 6d.; Grammar and Key bound together, 2s. NOTICES OF THE GRAMMAR. " This Grammar is plain as well as perspicuous in style, and well fitted to aid those who are without a master."— Christian Teacher, October, 1837. " This little manual is an improvement, in many respects, on the Elementary English Grammars."— Christian He- former, Feb., 1838. Published by SIMKINand MARSHALL, London; and ALLEN and LYON, Bennett's- hill, Birmingham ; and may be had of all Booksellers. FREE GRAMMAR SCHOOL, CAMBRIOGE- STREET, CRESCENT, BIRMINGHAM. ANOTHER COURSE OF TWELVE LEC- TURES ON ENGLISH GRAMMAR, by Mr. MATTHIAS GREEN, will be commenced on Friday evening next, at half- past seven o'clock. No charge whatever will be made; but, at the close of the First Lecture, those persons who wish to attend the Course, may take tickets lor the Course, at 2s. 6d. each, to pay expenses. Men and Women of Birmingham !— Seek knowledge, as the only sure means of every blessing. A good knowledge of this useful science will be given in the Course of Twelve Lectures, with the assistance of Green's Grammar and Key, just published. ALIVE, ALIVE! IT is an awkward circumstance to be accounted dead amongst the living, particularly when one has a living to get, for which reason I request that my old customers will take my word for it I am alive, and that they will be pleased to consider me so till further notice. My death and burial seems to be implied, and was, no doubt, artfully designed to be conveyed, in the card of a fellow who lately left my service, wherein he states, that he was many years principal workman to the late Mr. Zaclia- riali Parkes. He was, certainly, many years in my lather's employ, and has since been several in mine, but he never was principal workman to either, unless, indeed, it was in his own estimation. I beg respectfully to inform the public, that I, in conjunc- tion with my brother, am still carrying on the business, and I trust we shall be always io far alive to our own interest, as to continue to supply our customers with articles of the same quality as those which have established our names. ZACHARIAH AND RICHARD PARKES, MANUFACTURERS of MALT, WHEA T, BEAN, COFFEE, AND OTHER MILLS, No. 18, DIGBETH, BIRMINGHAM. TO MILLERS. CP. and W. BLACKMORE ( late Blackmore and • Co.) beg again respectfully to call the attention of their friends and the occupiers of Flour Mills generally in Birmingham and its neighbourhood to their ORIGINAL PATENT BOLTING CLOTHS, without seams, for dressing Flour, which, from the excellence of the materials they have of late years been enabled to employ, they offer as an improved article. The Cloths continue to be manu- factured by them at Wandsworth, Surrey, and are sold by the following agents, viz.:— London B. Corcoran and Co., 36, Mark- lane. BirminghamR. JONES and Co., 85, Bull- street. Bristol Banbury Broseley . Evesham„ Hereford Ludlow Shrewsbury. W. Thomas and Son. J. Payne. H. Guest. D. Edge and Son. Webb and Beavan. , Edwards and Copner. W. Hazledine. Wolverhampton P. Denman. Worcester — T. Yate. TO SURGEONS, MERCHANTS, MANUFACTURERS, AND OTHERS, rrpo be LET, in Saint Mary's- square, Birmingham, J Four extensive and respectable PREMISES, well adapted for Gentlemen in the above capacities, with good Chambers, Stables, Gig- house, and Cart Entrance to double lighted Shopping. Apply to R. C. Mason, 36, Loveday- street, Birmingham. VOTES FOR EAST WORCESTERSHIRE AND SOUTH STAFFORDSHIRE. OLD BUR Y AND RO WLE Y REGIS. VERY DESIRABLE FREEHOLD LAND. On the north side of the Dudley and Oldbury Turnpike Road, close to the town of Oldbury. fpO be SOLD by AUCTION, early in September X next, several Acres of valuable FREEHOLD BUILDING LAND, being pait of the Brades Estate, ( the property of Messrs. William Hunt and Sons.) The land is close to the town of Oldbury, commanding important fron- tages to the Dudley and Oldbury turnpike road from the Brades to Westbromwich, and also to intended new streets. It will be divided into suitable lots for Building purposes, and sold on terms of payment yielding great accommodation to purchasers. Plans and particulars will be ready for delivery in a few days. For further particulars, reference to be made to Mr. Thomas Eyre Lee, Solicitor, Newhall street, or to Mr. Joshua Hammond, Land Agent and Surveyor, Bennet's- hill, both of Birmingham. FRAMPTON, NEAR BOSTON, LINCOLN- SHIRE. TO be SOLD by AUCTION, in the month of October next, in one Lot, FRAMPTON HOUSE, and upwards of 200 Acres of the best LAND in England, surrounding the same, situate on the London- road, three miles south of Boston, late the residence of Charles Keigbtley Tunnard, Esq., deceased. Particulars will appear in a future paper, and may be had in the meantime, on application at the office of Messis. PEARSON and HOLDICH, Sleafoi'd ; or of Mr. JEBB, Solicitor, Boston. Boston, 20th August, 1838. BUCKS, FIFTY MILES FROM LONDON. TO be SOLD by PRIVATE CONTRACT, a VALUABLE FREEHOLD ESTATE, in the parishes of Calverton and Shenley, adjoining the great turn- pike road from London to Holyhead, and one mile from the market town of Stony Stratford, and two miles from the grand station at Wolverton, on the London and Birming- ham Railroad, in the centre of the Duke of Grafton's and the Oakley Fox Hunts, Three Hundred Acres of fine old Pasture Fatting Land, with a small portion of deep staple, sound corn land, mostly tithe free; with two Farm Houses and substantial outbuildings, and seven Labourers' Cottages. These farms have been managed by the proprietor many years, are in a high state of cultivation, and would readily let, altogether or separately; and they present to capitalists a solid and secure investment, and in one of the best local situations. Apply to Mr. MULLIKER, surveyor and land agent, 37, Old Broad street. mO BE PEREMPTORILY RE- SOLD, pursuaut A to certain orders of the High Court of Chancery, made in certain causes of Green versus Holden. and Gieen versus Goodricke, Bart., with the approbation of John Ed- mund Dowdeswell, Esq., one of the Masters of the said Court, and to whom the said cause stands ieferred, by PUBLIC AUCTION, by Messrs. FARRINGTON and SON, of Walsall, in the county of Stafford, Auction eers, at the George Inn, in Walsall aforesaid, on Tuesday, the 18th day of September, 1838, at four o'clock in the after- noon, in four lots, a valuable and desirable FREEHOLD and COPYHOLD PROPERTY, situate in the borough town of Walsall, in the county of Stafford, and consisting ol three several capital Messuages or Dwelling Houses, with yards, gardens, out offices, and appurtenances, in Bridge- street, Walsall, being copyhold of inheritance, and held of the manor of Walsall borough and foreign, and of a piece of FREEHOLD LAND, situate at the Windmill, in the foreign of Wal - all, contiguous to the town, and well calcu- lated for building upon, containing 2 acres 2 rood and 37 perches or thereabouts. Printed particulars and conditions of sale may be had gratis, at the Public- office, Southampton- buildings ; of Mr. Robert Wynne Williams, solicitor, 38, Hatton Garden, where a plan of the property may be seen; Messrs. Swain, Stevens, and Co., solicitors, 6, Frederick place, Old Jewry; Mr. W. H. Green, solicitor, 80, Basinghall street; Mr. E. M. Hunt, solicitor, 8, New Boswell- couft ; also of Messrs. Darwall and Potter, and Mr. Charles Marklew, solicitors; and Messrs. Farrington, auctioneers, Walsall; and at the principal inns at Birmingham and Wolverhampton. CARVING AND GILDING, PICTURE FRAME AND LOOKING GLASS MANUFACTORY. ASAVING of at least twenty per cent, upon every article connected with the above, at TURNER'S, 30, PARADISE- STREET, Birmingham. Portrait Frames £ l 9s., usually charged £ 2 2s. £ 23 SOCIETY, HELD at HENRY TURNER'S, Horse and Groom, John- street. 4 The first share will be sold on Tuesday next, August 28. Any person becoming a member will oblige k HENRY TURNER. N. B.— A Dinner will be given, to be on the table at fi ve o'clock. TO TIN- PLATE WORKERS, WANTED, several GOOD WORKMEN in the above line. Apply No. 10, Moat- row, Smitlifield. When in September last year we fixed the price of the Journal at fourpence- halfpenny, we confi- dently calculated that a fall in tlie price of materials would fully compensate not only for a larger reduc- tion than the amount of the duty remitted justified, but also for tlie great addition which we made to the size of our paper. Our calculation has failed us. In this respect our cotemporaries showed that tliey were better informed than we were. It is not too late to take advantage by their example. The pre sent price of the Journal, with the heavy deductions o which it is subject, is much too small. We pro- pose, therefore, tliat in future it shall be the same as that of the Gazette and Advertiser, to which we do not think we arrogate too much in saying, that for information, compiled or original, it is equal. Neither do we think we claim more than we are fairly entitled to from tlie Reformers of Birmingham and the kingdom at large, when we ask from them the same remuneration for our labours, which the Tories are content to pay for the labours of their advocates. The Reformers have, at least, as much heart to be generous; and they can quite as well afford to be just. AFTER THE SEVENTH OF SEPTEMBER, THEREFORE, THE PRICE OF THE JOURNAL WILL BE FIVEPENCE. The advance will be of not incon- siderable importance to us, while it will be altogether insignificant to our readers; so we confidently hope that it will be cheerfully acquiesed in. TO CORRESPONDENTS. Political Unions, and other Societies, for the adop- tion of the National Petition, have been formed in various parts of the country; with which, for want of the necessary information, we are unable to communi- cate. We make it matter of particular and earnest request, that all such societies will transmit, as soon as possible, to the Birmingham Journal Office, ad- dressed to the Editor, the name and address of their secretaries and chairmen; and any other information they may deem of importance. BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL. SATURDAY, AUGUST 25, 1838. The Sun a few days ago stated that the National Petition had already been adopted by no less than eighty- nine towns. The Sun did not enumerate the names, though we have no doubt, from the information in our possession, the number, if we include all those places where meetings have been held or announced, is rather under than over the truth. In Scotland, not to mention small towns, the petition has been adopted at Glasgow, Paisley, Kilmarnock, Dumfries, Ayr, Edinburgh, Stirling, Dunfermline, Cupar, Kirkcaldy, Perth, Dundee, Arbroath, Montrose, Aberdeen; in England it has been or is in the course of adoption at Carlisle, Hull, Newcastle, Ipswich, Northampton, Preston, Oldham, Liverpool, Manchester, Birming- ham, Coventry, Wolverhampton, Kidderminster, Bris- tol, Bath, Brighton; and, lastly, we confidently look for its adoption, at no distant period, by such a meet- ing as never was before congregated in or near Lon- don. There are thirty- one towns, exclusive of the metropolis, all of them populous and influential; and all of them surrounded and followed by a host of others, less important and less known. Six months ago Universal Suffrage was an abstract speculation, only cherished in the minds of a few isolated indivi- duals ; now it pervades the land in the length and breadth thereof. Six months ago the radical faith was but as a grain of mustard seed; now it is become a mighty tree, and the people seek shelter under its branches. Six months ago the factions were rampant and secure; the cloud that threatened them was no bigger than a man's hand, and rested on the far verge of the horizon; now, dark, dense, and terrible, it oc- cupies the key- stone of heaven ; and the fitful flashes are playing round its skirts, and the low muttering begins to be heard of that thunder, the voice of which will, by- and- bye, shake the island to its centre ! The Times of Thursday speaks of Radicalism as going out of fashion— because O'CONNELL and Alder- man WOOD have ceased to be Radicals. O ! best in- structed of all best possible instructors! Illustrious head of the wrong heads! The sages of cockney land are not famous for their knowledge of the compass. The winking eyes of the purblind editor had con- founded the east with the west when he uttered this sagacious remark. He mistook the dawn for the twilight. In a short while the growing radiance will convince him of his error. Radicalism has increased, is increasing, and it cannot be diminished. Whig and Tory, lord and laird, duke and devil, will not put it down. It will go forward in spite of all of them com- bined. Had we men of even a moderate grasp of in- tellect at the head of our national councils, we would earnestly entreat them to attend to this essential feature in the present, and all movements, into which the hearts of the general people seriously enter. Such an attention, early, and wisely, and honestly bestowed, might go far to guide a power which cannot be stayed, and which it is hopeless to attempt turning back. But our governors will think their little thoughts, anp work these little works, until their hour is come. " As in the days that were before the flood, they were eat- ing and drinking, marrying and giving in marriage, until the day that Noah entered into the ark; and knew not until the flood came and took them all away." So lias it been with the worldly wise in all ages, and so will it be in ours. , The Whig journals, in. their attempts to weaken the force of the national petition, hstverwith some ingenuity, fastened upon a phrase in it, which, according to their latitude of interpretation, would convert the entire document into a currency manifesto; and merge the great points of doctrine, which it so earnestly presses, in the one question of paper money. To represent the popular movement in favour of Universal Suffrage, Ballot, and Annual Parliaments, as no more than an extraordinary gyration of, what they may term, our Birmingham hobby— to argue the whole matter, as if it were a mere question of economics, is worthy of poli- ticians, who, at no one period of their history, have been found in the straightforward path of truth and honesty, but who, even when aiming at a just and desirable object, invariably approach it crab- fashion. We should not have troubled ourselves with the cavil- ings of these persons, did they not seem to have in- spired some doubt— the degree we do not pretend to estimate— into the ranks of our friends, or, at least, of such of them as believe that their own hobbies, whether of the economic or political breed, in the event of ours being master of the ring, might suffer in their reputa- tion. To these we consider a few words of remark to be due. And, first,— for that is but justice to our- selves— we shall endeavour to possess them with a little information, of which they stand mightily in need, touching the views of political economy, which, from Mr. ATTWOOD'S having warmly espoused them, are, by most people, regarded as being exclusively of Birming- ham growth and culture. Let it be remembered that we are not about to detail our system ; but merely to give something like an illustrative conspectus of it. Previous to the bank restriction of 1795, and the consequent depreciation of paper m oney, the price of a bushel of wheat and an ounce of silver was, very nearly, the same.* One day's remuneration of the better and higher description of manufacturing labour sufficed equally to purchase a bushel of wheat or an ounce of silver; )• and whether the state called for the amount of the one or the other, one day's labour was sufficient to answer the call. The measure of these several quantities — namely, the day's labour, the bushel of wheat, the ounce of silver, the tax — was a bit of paper with a promise to pay live shillings engraved upon it, by which bit of paper a man might equally purchase or'pay any of the four. During the twenty years that followed 1795, that is, down to the passing of the first non- importation corn act, the one day's labour sufficed, as before, to purchase the bushel of wheat, the ounce of silver, or to pay the tax; but this was no longer the case with the bit of paper— it had fallen to one- half of its former value, and instead of one, two bits were required to measure any one of the four other quantities. J But this fall, be it observed, in no respect injured the workman; his dry's labour, whether exchanged against food, or bul- lion, or taxes, was as valuable as before. When the war, happily, as it was supposed at the time, had come to an end, and the ports of the conti- nent were once more unsealed, the immediate conse- quence was the disturbance of the relations which had so long subsisted between labour, food, taxes, and the medium by which the exchanges of these three quan- tities had been previously carried on— silver and paper. For two or three years before the formal closc of the war— indeed, from the period of the Russian cam- paign, when its approaching close becamc matter of obvious and general anticipation— paper had been in a course of " appreciation," as it is called, that is, its value had been gradually rising.|| When the close came, labour and wheat at once fell to their old prices, or nearly so, whether measured in paper or silver, while taxes remained unchanged; and the government pressure upon both became, in consequence, equally great, and equally complained of. There were two ways of removing the complaint— Ist, to restore the previous relation between paper money and silver; 2nd, to lower the public burdens in the same ratio in which labour and wheat had been lowered. By the former process, the workmen would have still have been enabled to exchange his day's wages against the amount of paper money required to purchase a bushel of wheat, an ounce of silver, or to satisfy the demand of the tax- gatherer; in the latter, the paper money, against which his wages were exchangeable, would, though reduced to one- half of its previous value, still have enabled him to purchase a bushel of wheat, an ounce of silver, or to pay the tax- gatherer. Government would accede to neither of these plans. They would not abate the taxes; they would not depreciate the paper; but they did consent to enhance the price of wheat. Its natural price, we have stated to be equal to the wages of one day, or to an ounce of silver. They passed a law by which it was made equal to the wages of two days, or to two ounces of silver. § They could not reverse the judg- ment of heaven, it is true; they could not keep the sun from shining, and the dews from falling, and the earth from bringing foith her fruits in due season and abundance; but they did all that stupid heads and cold hearts, and a strong inclination to oppress, en- abled them— they made famine the law of the land. The condition of labour, then, in relation to food and taxes, from tlie close of the war downwards, so far as the law is concerned, has been this— whereas from * On an average of 80 years previous to 1795, the price of the bushel of wheat was 5s. 2£ d. f It is of no importance whether we call it one day or a day and a half, the relative value is the same ; the absolute value does not affect our statement. | The average price of wheat per bushel from 1795 to 1315 was 10s. 7d.; for various reasons, however, the recorded price of bullion will be found a good deal lower than this rise in the price of wheat would seem to indicate. || It is a favourite mode of argument with the sciolists in monetary questions, to ridicule the notion of Peel's bill having done so much harm as the Birmingham politicians attribute to it; " tor," say they, " the paper and metallic currency approximated within some 4 per cent, of each other, when Peel's bill was passed." True Peel's bill was no more than the corroboration of that act, by which, six months after a peace, the Bank of England was to resume cash payments, at the par of 3l. 17s. 10£ d. per ounce of gold. The door was being shut from the moment that the coming into force of this act was plainly foreseen,; and Feel's bill put in the chain. § The price at which importation was free under the first corn- law was 80s. 1795 to 1815, one day's labour sufficed to purchase a bushel of wheat, and to pay the tax- gatherer his de- mand, since 1815 it has required two days' labour to purchase a bushel of wheat, and to pay the tax- gatherer's demand. Now, all that we Birmingham economists desire, is to remedy this state of things by the first process noticed above— to restore the relation that, during the period of the Bank restriction, sub- sisted between the price of labour, of wheat, and taxes; and between all three and paper and silver. Our argument, valeat quantum, for this form of re- medy, rather than the other, is simply, that depression and fall, even in appearance, are averse from and disa- greeable to all men ; and that, in cases of grievance from inequality, the easiest and most acceptable way of cure ever is— io raise the low, rather than to degradt the high. Whether, in what we have said, we have made our- selves generally intelligible, we do not know. It is difficult, in such a question to be brief without obscu- rity. We certainly hope to have shown, that the wishes of the Birmingham economists, and the wishes of Radicals everywhere, run absolutely parallel— that the object of the one, as of the other, is the restoration of permanent prosperity to the masses of society. The means recommended for accomplishing this most desirable object, presents a fair field for discus- sion. We are not so vain or unreasonable as to assume that our opinions are inaccessible to censure; or so techy as to wince under its honest application. Call the currency our hobby if you please, we shall not be offended; only give us credit for sincerity in our belief, that it is a hobby, which, if the majority of the nation would consent to mount, they would speedily reach the goal of their desires. We are indeed aware, that, as yet, the majority of the nation have evinced no such inclination. We have knocked at the door of the high, and we have lifted the latch of the humble; we have been repulsed by interest from the one, and by prejudice from the other. What has been our conduct under these repulses ? We have said, " The sole purpose of our solicitations is, with peace, to bring prosperity to the nation. The interest of the nation is one and indivisible. Let that interest be committed to the care of the nation, and it must be secure; if not by the method that we recom- mend, by some other, method equally effective. We will go to the nation then. Laying aside all con- sideration of the means by which the national will is to work, we will first of all strive to give it poten- tiality. Instead of attempting to force a specific on the reluctant patient, we will make it our study to enable him to try all remedies for his disease, trusting to his sense of interest, that he will finally hold by that which is best. RECOGNISING IN THE PEOPLE ALONE THE RIGHT, AS WELL AS CAPACITY, TO MANAGE THEMSELVES, WE WILL LABOUR TO ESTABLISH THAT RIGHT, AND TO GIVE FREE COURSE TO THAT CAPACITY." If, when in a position to choose, the people approve of our plans, they will adopt them ; if not, they will reject them. Universal Suffrage must be as fatal to local as to factious influence. By recommending Universal Suffrage, we are as effectually providing for the abasement of the hopes of the men of Birming- ham, except in so far as these hopes are concurrent with the general sentiments of Englishmen; as we are for casting down the lofty and selfish imaginations of Whigs and Tories. Thus earnestly bent, as we have shown ourselves, on setting up a power which must, in the nature of things, prove destructive to all interested schemes, whether of districts, or parties, or individuals, can anything be more contemptibly foolish— to say nothing of its plain and palpable dis- honesty— than to insinuate against the men of Bir- mingham, their leaders and advisers, that, in calling upon the people to aid them in setting up such a power, they are actuated by a base interest? As citizens of Birmingham, we shall, until we are better informed, insist with all zeal and perseverance in the promulgation of our peculiar principles of economy; and, as citizens of the empire, we shall, with equal zeal and perseverance, insist on the absolute right of the majority to decide fully and freely, both on our principles and their application. The weather has been exceedingly variable during the week, but its general aspect has been wet, cold, and ungenial. It would be very difficult, out of the conflictory accounts that reach us from all quarters, to say whether the crops are good or bad. From the seeming anxiety, in most of the journals, to make out a case, we should be disposed to believe them decidedly bad. In one point all the writers agree— the harvest will be a late one. Now, a late harvest never was productive. When, therefore, we are told that the crop will be an average, we may confidently read a low average. On another point, the accounts, where they give information, are equally concurrent— there has seldom been a season when the stocks in the hands of the farmer were more nearly exhausted. Some wise meu have been opining, we perceive, that, though the farmers have but little grain remaining the traders have a good deal. This is a serious mis- take. One of the fruits of the Corn Law has been, not to diminish, but utterly to annihilate, speculations in home- grown corn. The class of dealers by whom the superfluities of an overstocked market used, during the war, to be taken off, greatly to the relief of the farmer, and, by tending to equalise prices, to the ad- vantage of the consumers, have long ceased to exist. It is to bonded corn alone that the capital of the merchant is directed. From the scarcity of old grain in the country, the new grain wilf, for some weeks, be absorbed by the weekly demand of the markets, as rapidly as it is reaped. There is, therefore, no pros- pect of immediate fall, let the state of the weather be what it will. And bread is now, be it remembered, at a famine price; nor would the prospect be much better were the ports open. In the south of Europe the crops are fair; but along the Baltic, whence our large supplies used to be drawn, not only is the harvest defi THE BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, AUGUST 18. 25 cient, but, from the continued operation of our Corn Law, whole tracts, whose produce formerly served to feed English artizans, have either been abandoned as worthless, or are devoted to the supply of the nume- rous manufacturing communities, which, but for our Corn Law, would never have been called into being. The precise quantity of wheat and wheat- flour in bond at tiie present moment, we do not know. Some • weeks ago, it did not exceed from ten to twelve days' supply. That there hare been some purchases of late is proved by the rise of the Hamburgh exchanges, which are now H per cent, against England. Still, it is exceedingly doubtful whether, in the event of the harvest proving greatly deficient, the deficiency can he supplied hy imports from Europe. Now, is not this an infamous state of things? The mightiest commercial nation in the world, with the resources of the world at its command, so governed as to be actually trembling at the prospect of famine from a single short harvest! Were there 110 other cause of dissatis- faction, would not this suffice to make every man of sense and feeling rouse him for very shame, and sweep for ever from the face of the land, that pest Hence of faction, which, for its base and sordid interest, had placed beautiful and brave England in such a state Of peril and humiliation. DEVEY, the man who shot Mr. DAVENPORT in April last, and then attempted to commit suicide, after being cockered, cured, and convicted, has been hanged. The execution took place at Warwick yesterday. A few rational thinkers of Birmingham exerted them- selves to procure a commutation of the sentence, parti y on the ground of insanity; and JOSEPH STURGE, ever ready when good is to be attempted or done, posted to the Isle of Wight, where the Home Secretary is rest- ing after the toils of the session, on purpose to inter- cede with him on the subject. But the little leuco- phlegmatic lord was deaf to the representations of the warm- hearted Quaker, and the law, as the phrase is, was permitted to take its course. Two wretched women were left the other day for execution by Baron GURNEY. The crime was the same— murder. We suppose the law will be permitted to take its course with them also. That course we hold to be irrational, cruel, monstrous. It violates all propriety and all reason; humanity and religion cry shame upon it. On the more dry plea of a cold economy to put to death one member of society, because of the destruction of another, is the extreme of folly. It is cutting off the nose to be revenged of the face. But society has as little right as it has reason to slaughter it members. Man has no power over his own life. Christianity forbids him to take it away, and the law, of which Christianity is part aind parcel, stamps such an act with its solemn repro- bation. The power which a man possesses not he can- not delegate. The law, in its course, is a usurper and a tyrant, not a governor for good. The excuse for capital punishments is as ridiculous as it is hollow. Wekilltbe sheep and the ox, and necessity is our justi- fier; we kill the aged dog and worn- out horse, and mercy is our plea; man is the only creature we put to death [ on philosophic principles. We kill him for example. We are not satisfied with outraging mother nature, we must further insult her divinity by the cant of argument. The wild retaliation of rude and savage nations has, at least, nothing hypocritical in it. The avenger of blood, in hot passion tracking the slayer of a brother or father, and sacrificing him to their fresh memory, presents a picture of dignity compared with the cold and formal cruelty of our delegated revenge. We must have the judge to weep over the guiltyman, the parson to pray over him; and the sheriff to inter- change compliments with him; and when, by the compassionate labours of all three, he has at length become an object of legitimate sympathy— then, and not till then, we call upon the hangman to strangle him! From the Parliamentary report, previous to the pro- rogation, it may be recollected, that Mr. Leader pre- sented a petition touching the refusal of the Dean of Westminster to permit the statue of Lord Byron, by Thorwaldsen, to be erected in the abbey. The news- papers of Loudon are maintaining a pretty contro- versy on the subject, the Tories commending the Dean for his piety, the Whigs condemning him for his fanaticism. What piety has to do with the ad- mission or exclusion of the statue in question, we do not pretand to understand. Were the abbey as sacrcd a place as is pretended by the Dean and his friends, it is difficult to perceive how a bit of marble, sculptured in resemblance of a dead peer, could desecrate its walls. But the entire affair is replete with . the most despicable cant and pretence. West- minster is not a temple dedicated to pious pur- poses, it is as mere a show shop, only a little dearer, and not so interesting, as the Surrey- gardens or Womb- well's menagerie. To talk of such a place being dese- crated by the presence of a dead infidel, or a living, is the very acme of profane absurdity. There is, indeed, a question which the controversy naturally gives rise to. The statue would, undoubtedly, do honour to Dean Ireland's show shop; but would Dean Irelaud's show shop do honour to the memory of Lord Byron. Is the fame of the author of the Cliilde and of Don Juan of so sickly a character that it requires for its healthy maintenance the feeble aid of preben- daries aud minor canons ? Is there any peculiar adaptation in churches, common, or cathedral, as re- positories for the cenotaphs of departed greatness For our own parts, we think that the library or sculp- ture- room of such an edifice as the British Museum, or the walls of the National Gallery, would be an in- finitely more appropriate place than either the Abbey or St. Paul's, and one which would confer more honour both on the poet and the artist to whom we owe his living semblance. of their profession, there is no sucli ignorance as that of our merchant seamen and officers. How, indeed, can it be otherwise? They all go through the same routine. First apprentices, young untaught slaves; then fore- mast men, tlieir physical powers and propensities more developed, but their moral and intellectual as unex- ercised as before; and, lastly, mates or masters, rioting, as all emancipated slaves do, in the caprice of that tyranny to which they had themselves been the victims. We look with disgust and horror on the deeds of such men, while in truth they are but the natural fruits of that national ignorance which all our institutions tend rather to cherish thon remove. There are two topics that now occupy the attention of the London press almost exclusively— the Byron statue and the meeting of philosophers at Newcastle. For anything done or said, or to l> e done or said by the latter, we must wait till we have a fuller report than we have yet been favoured with. The meagre notices supplied" us, are as dull and common- place as they are meagre. There has been great cry and little wool hitherto at these divertissemens of cooking and cackle. With the exception of the disputabilities of Mr. CROSSE, we are not aware of any novelty that has been announced even, by the savans that have figured at them. The Times of Friday lias some ob- servations on the subject, which, though not orer- courteous, have much truth in them. As they express our sentiments pretty nearly, we will not spoil them by doing them into our own English:— " How far the interests of science are likely to be ad- vanced by this periodical exhibition of leasting and lecturing is a problem which, w ith all our respect for several of the professors at this philosophical sympo- nium, we apprehend not one of them could solve; it maybe thought, however, that no great mischief is done beyond, perhaps, the eliciting of an occasional half- sarcastic smile of astonishment or amusement from those simple- minded persons who have imagined that ' Philosophy' was a grave arid meditative being, and by no means given to dine on three courses or to waltz like a tetotum. Once, certainly, Philosophy, ' though never harsh and crabbed, as dull fools suppose,' was a somewhat staid and retired personage; and though she afforded ' a perpetual feast of nectared sweets,' we suspect that tha diet was rather less substantial and luxurious than the well- pastured venison of Alnwick, or the savoury ' wild- beef' of Chillingham. Mais nous avons change tout cela. ' Divine philosophy' has become of the earth, earthy. She amuses herself with a little botany, or a little chemistry, or a little geology, but the labour is scarcely more than sufficient to create an appetite and give a zest to a sumptuous dinner. We do not, however, quarrel with these ' scientific' pursuits of our modern philosophers : they are no doubt pleasant enough, unless when a surfeit uow and then intervenes. They, moreover, collect together a great number of people, who spend money and are useful to hotel- keepers and letters of lodgings ; they further di- minish the alarm which the unlearned, whether of the higher or lower classes, whether aristocratic beaux and belles, or plodding tradesmen and their wives, have been apt to feel at the awful name of a philosopher. When Professor A. discusses with epicurean gout the beauty of the'Alderman's Walk' in a haunch of venison, or Professor B., in a smart new suit built by Stulz, smirks and skips about just like " our honourable" cousin Jessamy, they cease to be formidable abstrac- tions to Lord C. or Lady D.: nay, they are pronounced to be very diverting creatures in their way : we fear, however, that they also may create a suspicion that a considerable acquaintance with geology or chemistry may be consistent with a very narrow intellect, and that even vast attainments in physics or zoology do not imply any extraordinary share of judgment or wisdom. Such a result might not be merely harmless : it might be detrimental to the interests of science, by destroying the prestige hitherto attached to it, and through decreased respect for its professors, tend to produce an indifference for the doctrines professed. " Nor do we see, what at first might be expected, a reasonable chance of a diffusion of knowledge among the poorer classes by means of these periodical and numerous assemblages. On the contrary, the extra- vagantly expensive scale on which the whole arrange- ments are formed, and the system of luxurious feasting and aristocratical feting, preclude at once the access of all but the wealthy classes— of all classes, in fact, ex- cept such as 011 Sundays flock to the gardens in Re- gent's Park, to look on while elephants feed aud monkeys chatter." We have been considerably amused by a query of Messrs. Wright and Dain—[ by- tlie- bye, why is Mr. Richard Peyton left out of the firm of names ? We suspect he is, at least, as substantial a partner as either of the gentlemen who put themselves so modestly for- ward.]—" What nobleman or gentleman desirous of purchasing an estate ever consulted the columns of the Birmingham'JournalP" We would fain learn what nobleman or gentleman, in his utmost vehemence of de- sire, ever consulted the columns of the indifferent Herald for any thing, or amongst what description of persons, the venders of snuff in small quantities ex- cepted, the thing circulates. Quack advertisements! Why, the thing in its origin, management, aud end, is as veritable a bit of quackery as the Balm of Gilead or Morison's Pills ; and not half so modest. The Hygean doctors, who give advice gratis, and merely charge for medicine, are its type and exemplar. But it communicates commercial intelligence, which the political papers do not! We perceive in the last number a specimen of its commercial intelligence, and of the motives which influence its communications. A Bristol agent sent to the Journal, the other day, as an advertisement, the resolutions of the Bristol and Exeter Railway meeting, conditioning that the report should be inserted for nothing. The " sale paper," not deeming the report of the smallest importance, except to the holders of Bristol and Exeter Railway shares, and resisting, as every honest and not needy paper must have done, the impudence of the proposal, rejected both the paid advertisement and the unpaid. What does the indifferent HeraldP It inserts the twenty- line advertisement with due thankfulness, and presents to the 5,000 persons 011 whom its lucubrations are palmed, the rubbish of the report, as an interest- ing piece of commercial intelligence! We give to- day, from the report of the Thames- street [ London] Police- office, a most disgusting and atrocious case of cruelty, terminating in murder. It is one of those of which the annals of the English com- mercial marine offer but too many examples. For the most part, so far at least as we have seen of their liis tory, the American merchant ships present few examples of cruelty and oppression, and amongst our continental neighbours, whether from the more peaceful temper, or more dutiful demeanour, of masters and men, they are almost unknown. The American merchant command- ers are, for the most part, infinitely better educated than the English are. Indeed, a commercial as well as nautical education, is deemed essential by American owners. Ours are contcnt with the latter, and, except in its more common and rude forms, they seldom get even that. In all things except the immediate objects We merely direct attention to the advertisement in anothei column 011 the subject of a national rent. We trust, as it is a subject of national importance, that it will receive the attention of the nation. No conven- tion can succeed, no convention of moderate discre- tion would meet or act, if the approbation of the people, of which such a rent is the sole indisputable evidence, were delayed or refused. GRAND JUNCTION RAILWAY.— A meeting of the shareholders in the Grand Junction Railway took place on Wednesday last week, at the cotton sale- room, Liverpool. The meeting came to the determination of creating an addition of half a million sterling to the stock of the company, by the issue of 10,000 shares of 501. each. The present shareholders are to have the option of taking up the new shares in the proportion of one to every 100 shares now held by them. All shares rejected by the shareholders to be offered to the public at the current market prices. The annual general meeting of shareholders in the Staffordshire Timber Company was held at the Dart- mouth Hotel, West Bromwich, on Monday week, Mr. James Walton in the chair. A very satisfactory re- port of the proceedings of the company since its com- mencement was read, and a dividend of 7b per cent., payable 011 the 31st instant, was declared; in addition to which 5 per cent, was carried to the guarantee fund, all expenses, as well those of establishing the company as those incurred in carrying it 011, having been paid out of the profits of the first year. The directors were re- elected, and it was unanimously resolved that 200 additional shares should be created. KIODERSHNSTER.— A preliminary meeting of the working- classes of this town was held on Monday, to entertain the question of the propriety of calling a general meeting of the inhabitants of Kidderminster and the neighbouring towns and villages of Stourport, Bewdley, & c., and was numerously attended. After the business had been opened by the chairman, the proceedings of a previous meeting, and the. views of the provisional committee appointed thereat, were laid before the meeting; in an able, pointed, and conspicuous manner by Mr. W. Charlton, who was greatly cheered by the meeting during the progress of his animating speech. On the motion of Mr. Richards, the national petition was then read, amidst a universal burst of ap- probation, and the meeting entered upon the discussion of the question it had been called to decide. The meeting having expressed its determination to hold a general meeting in the open air, in preference to the adoption of the petition at that meeting, the following1 resolution was proposed and carried with acclamation, viz.,—" That a general meeting of the inhabitants of this town and neighbourhood be held on Monday next, the 27th inst., for the discussion and adoption of the national petition, and that an invitation be given to the Political Council of Birmingham to send a depu-, tation to attend the same." A committee of eleven persons was then chosen to carry out the intentions of the meeting, and a subscription entered into to defray the expenses of handbills, & c. It is expected that a very large meeting will be the result. The meeting will be held in the open space in the Lion Field. The chair to be taken at four o'clock. NON- ELECTOR'S MEETING.— A meeting of Non- Elec- tors took place at the Golden Eag'e, Swallow- street, on Wednesday evening— Mr. Henry Sansum in the chair. The object of the meeting was to devise the best means of assisting the Political Council in car- rying into effect those resolutions agreed to at the great meeting held at Holloway- head, 011 the 6th inst. Several excellent speeches were delivered, and resolu- tions passed— condemnatory of the corn, monetary, aud other laws which are detrimental to the interests of the community at large. An association was at the same time formed, and a resolution passed not to dissolve until they have obtained a just settlement of all their demands, and more especially that they would use every constitutional means to obtain an abro- gation of England's curse— t| ie corn- laws.— Corres- pondent. PETERLOO.— A large meeting of the people of Man- chester took place on Thursday evening, on the ground distinguished by the massacre of 1819, and to pro- mote the same purposes— the achievement of Universal Suffrage, short Parliaments, and the Vote by Ballot. At half- past six, an immense multitude was collected at the New Cioss, at the upper end of Oldham- street, where the persons assembled formed in procession and proceeded to the field of Peterloo. On their way they tnarched round St. Peter's church, the ground 011 which the massacre teok place, the band playing the " Dead March in Saul." The meeting was held in a large area at the rear of the church, " in which there could not have been less than twenty thousand per- sons, all the adjacent streets being also crowded to excess. Many banners, with suitable inscriptions, were displayed amongst the crowd. The meeting, which was held in the evening, and which was pro- longed into the darkness, was addressed in a very spirited manner by Mr. Benbow and Mr Vincent, from London; Mr. Curranand Mr. Wheeler. The club of' reformers of West Bromwich executed a laughable revenge on the Weekly Dispatch the other day. There were two- and- twenty assembled. They tore the obnoxious paper into two- and twenty pieces, burnt them, and inclosed them in a letter to the recreant editor. LICENSING DAY.— Yesterday the magistrates met at the Public Office, for the purpose of hearing applica- tions for licenses. There were one hundred aud thirty applications for Birmingham, sixty- two for Aston, and one for Edgbaston. The following were the only- licenses granted:— Mr. John Brown, Hop Pole, Per- shore- street; Mrs. Isabella Dee, London Station Houo Inn; Mr. Thomas Beach, Monument- lane; Mr. Richard Edwards, Aston, near the Park Wall; Mr. John Wilson, Newtown- row; and Mr. George Weaver, Bagott- street, Aston- road. Three other cases were ad- journed for further inquiry. We beg attention to the advertisement of the goose- berry show at the Sun Tavern, in the Bristol- road, on Monday. Great expectations are entertained of it. The theatre closed last night for the season. We are glad to hear that, if not exuberant in profit, it has, at least, not been wholly unsuccessful. Hollins has so great merit in himself, and that merit is so well known and appreciated, that it is impossible not to wish, and trust as well as wish, that his concert may be amply at- tended. He has, besides, catered so sedulously for the public amusement— Lablache is a tower of strength, in all senses of the word, and Miss Birch is a vocalist of great merit— that even without the attractions of his own name and character, the con- cert could not fail to succeed. PROFESSOR CALVERT'S LECTURES.— The first of this course was delivered on Tuesday evening, and had for its subject the nature and importance of the art. Its very diversified topics were luminously and eloquently unfolded by the lecturer. The second, of Thursday evening, on pronunciation and inflection, was replete with interest and instruction, and made a very power- ful impression on the audience to which it was ad- dressed. The third exhibition, for the season, of the Hagley and Stourbridge Floral and Horticultural Society, took placc at the Lyttleton Arms, Hagley, 011 the 22nd instant. On account of the unfavourable state of the weater, the company was not so numerous as 011 former occasions, but 011 the whole, very respectable. The annual show of gooseberries, at the Bricklayers' Arms, King's Heath, took place on the 21st instant. The following is the list of prizes :— Grand Prize: Mr. Dutton's Leader, 20 dwt. 13 grs. Red, First Class : Mr. Edward Bayton's Lion, 20 dwt. 9 grs.; Mr. Thomas Fox's Companion, 19 dwt.; Mr. Lee's Squire Ham- mond, 18 dwt. 2 grs.; Mr. Samuel Mills's Hare in the Bush, 18 dwt. Yellows: Mr. Samuel Mills's Gunner, 17 dwt. 23 grs.; Mr. Aaron Payton's Duck Wing, 17 dwt. 9 grs. ; Mr. W. Dutton's Leader. 16 dwt. 23 grs.; Mr. Edward Payton'sTeaser, 16dwt. 16 grs. Green: Mr. Edward Payton's Peacock, 18 dwt. 20 grs; Mr. Samuel Mill's Surprise, 16 dwt. 12 grs.; Mr. Lee's Invincible, 15 dwt. 20 grs.; Mr. W. Harrison's Bumper, 15 dwt. 7 grs. White: Mr. Harrison's Eagle, 20 dwt. 1 gr.; Mr. Lee's Competi- tor, 17 dwt. 11 grs.; Mr. W. Dutton's Lilly of the Valley, 16 dwt. 2 grs.; Mr. S. Mills's Mill's Favourite, 15 dwt. 9 grs. Red: Mr. Lee's Young Wonderful Bursted, 25 dwt. 6 grs. MR. ICK'S LECTURES ON BOTANY.— On Monday evening week, at the Philosophical Institution, the sixth lecture was delivered. The subject was " Morphology." At cording to this system, the leaf is the normal type of all the organs of plants— bracts, sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils, and the seed itself, are all modi- fied leaves. It was shown, that in the privet, the bract was in form and structure precisely the same as the leaf; the only difference being that the bract was the smaller of the two. In the strawberry, there was 110 distinc- tion between calyx and bract. In the Water Lily, the outer whorl of inflorescence, viewed exteriorly, pre- sented the appearance of a calyx, but, in its interior, it bore a perfect resemblance, both in colour and struc- ture, to the petal; in this flower it would also be seen, that the petals, by imperceptible gradations, became stamens. The changing both of stamens and pistils into petals, as in the rose, and many other double flowers, was of very common occurrence. The ovule, or seed itself, was merely a bud— in experiments made by Professor Henslow, upon the mignionette, the carpels, or seed vessels, the stamens and pistils, all became leaves, and the seed became a perfect bud. In conclusion, the investigations of several eminent natu- ralists, upon the action of the pollen in fertilising the seed, were detailed.— Friday week, the seventh lecture was delivered. After describing the progressive de- velopcment of a plant— from the germination of the seed, to its flowering and perfecting its fruit— the lecturer proceeded to remark on the beautiful and ad- mirable means adopted by Providence for preserving and disseminating the seed. Some seeds, as the Dande- lion, Thistle, Hawkweed, & c., were provided with organs of flight. The seed of the- bailey was furnished with a barbed spiral awn, and, by this provision, it was enabled, aided by the alternations of damp and dry weatlier, to bore its way into the soil through the thickest turf. In other plants, the seed vessels were furnished with prickly or hooked seed covers, as the Burdock, and the Goose- grass, ( Galium,) which, ad- hering to the coats of animals, the seeds were thus dispersed. Some curious instances of aquatic plants wore given in conclusion. The Yalisneria Spiralis, a water plant, native of Italy, bore male and female flowers 011 separate plants; the female plant bore its flower upon a long spiral stem, by this means, the 1lower was always at the surface of the water. The male plant produced its flowers at tiie bottom of the water; the anthers rose to the surface and burst, and by this means the female flower was impregnated with the pollen. A common English plant, the Water Starwort, ( Callitriche aquatica) bears its flowers upon the surface of the water; it afterwards sinks, and perfects its seeds at tbe bottom, where also the seed germinates, and rises to the surface to flower, as its parent.— The eighth, the concluding lecture of the course, delivered on Monday evening last, was de- voted to the subject of classification. The defects and discrepancies of the Linntean or Artificial arrangement were first pointed out. This system, though founded on organs ( stamens and pistils) which were liable to the least variation, yet abounded with errors, numerous instances of which were given. A general view of the Natural system, founded 011 the researches of Jussieu, De Candolle, and Dr. Lindley, was then taken. With De Candolle as his guide, the lecturer pointed out the classes, sub- classes, and groups, with their distinctive characters. In regard to the nomenclature, it was proposed by Dr. Lindley to take the chemical system as a model, and make all sub- classes end in < e ( Poly- petalce), groups in see ( Albuminosce), alliances in ales ( Ranales), orders in acece ( Ranunculacea), sub- or- ders in ace ( Podophyllea) ; this, if carried into effect, would tend greatly to facilitate its study. This system, from its superior mode of arrangement— 111 its depend- ance upon no one particular organ— bringing together all those plants which, distinguished by their properties and physiological construction, have a natural affinity — would amply repay the student for the time and at- tention bestowed upon it. In concluding the course, the lecturer observed, that if any of his hearers had been induced by what they had heard, to commence the study of this delightful and interesting science, they might be assured that a path of profitable employ- ment, of instruction, and of pleasure, would be opened to them.|— The lectures have been illustrated through- out by numerous and beautiful drawings, and have been attended by a numerous, respectable, and attentive audience. ROBERT TAYLOR.— The Montrose Review, after quoting the account of this person, adds :—" A more ridiculous tale than this was never told. The late Lord Kennedy, as many of our readers are aware, was married to Miss Allardice, the proprietress of the Duunottar estate, in Kincardineshire, and perhaps the richest Scotch heiress of the time. Lady Kennedy, we believe, survived his lordship for some time; and we need scarcely mention, they had no child previous to their marriage; and that not one of their family, which was a numerous one, ( the oldest was a daughter) was stolen by gipsies, or stolen at all. Their children livedgenerallyatDunuottar House, a very considerable distance indeed from Bilston. Instead of Lord Ken- nedy dying without issue, he left a numerous family ; and as to bequeathing property, we are very much afraid his lordship, except his hereditary right in the extensive estates held by his father, the present Mar- quis of Ailsa, had little property by the time of his death to bequeath. We may further remark, that if Lord Kennedy had a son previous to his marriage with Miss Allardice, under the circumstances mentioned, instead of only being nineteen years of age, he would be six or seven years older, and might come by his fortune, if he had any to reach, in a much easier way than even marrying the first Brummagem girl he met. The whole romance of the affair falls to the ground beneath its falsehood, except the romantic marriage of Mary Ann Skidmore, who had better remained in Mr. Barns's factory, Newhall- street, than gone to St. Phi- lip's church, and the somewhat romantic end of her pleasing anticipations about 60,000/. a year; for it will be well with her if they do not terminate at, or under, 60,000 farthings." The late Lord Kennedy died in 1832, and his lady in the same year. We have seen what Taylor calls his papers, since our account, furnished by a friend, appeared. It describes Taylor as heir to large cotton and woollen manufactories at Preston Pans ! From our police report, it will be seen he has been figuring this week in a new capacity. HORSE STEALING.— Yesterday evening, after the close of the licensing sessions, a man named John Goode was brought before the magistrates on a charge of horse- stealing. It appeared from the depositions, that on the 3rd of March last, Mr. Luke Bull, of Stoke Lacey, in Herefordshire, bad a valuable brown gelding stole out of his farm- yard. Since that time, a young man named Pearson had travelled sixty miles in search of the horse, and 011 Thursday he came to Birmingham 011 the same errand. As he was driving up Griffin- hill in his gig, he and a person who was with him saw the gelding in a field at a considerable distance from the road. They alighted, and finding it was the horse they were in search of, they proceeded to Mr. Timothy Davis, of Edgbaston, to whom, they were told, the animal belonged. Mr. Davis immedi- ately surrendered the horse, and described tbe prisoner as the man from whom he had purchased it at a very fair price. Mr. Pearson then came into Birmingham, and on coming up Worcester- street, to his astonish- ment, he met the prisoner, of whom he had a previous knowledge. He stopped him, and proceeded to take him into custody, when he made a desperate resistance, but with the aid of Hall, the officer, he was secured and taken to Moor- street. Mr. Davis, and two black- smiths who had seen the horse in the prisoner's pos- session, were examined, and the prisoner was com- mitted to Worcester assizes; Mr. Spooner observing, that the judges at the late assizes had told him that they considered all cases of horse- stealing ought to be referred to tbe assizes. Yesterday afternoon, Goddard, the London police officer, arrived in Birmingham, having* in his custody an elderly man, of respectable appearance, named Evans, charged with having defrauded, to a consider- able extent, banks in Shrewsbury and other towns. The circumstances of his apprehension are rather re- markable. It appears that a person arrived in London from Wales 011 Wednesday, who was to proceed with the officers into the country to identify him. A war- rant for his apprehension was put into Goddard's hands 011 Thursday morning, and in ati hour after, he and the above- mentioned man went to one of the coach- offices to book themselves for some town in the interior of the country, and when in the act of doing so, the prisoner walked into the office for the same purpose. EXECUTION OF DEVY.— Yesterday the extreme penalty of the law was carried into execution upon this unfor- tunate man. Since sentence was passed upon him, Mr. Joseph Sturge, Mr. John Cadbury, and other humane and influential gentlemen, of Birmingham, have been incessant in their exertions to obtain a commutation of liis sentence, upon the ground of insanity. Every pos- sible exertion was made, but in vain. The answer of the Home Secretary was, that there were no extenuating circumstances in the case— that there was no ground for believing him insane— and that the law must take its course. Since his trial, the unhappy man conducted himself with great propriety, and availed himself of the religious instruction offered to him. At twelve o'clock yesterday morning, the prisoners and debtors were assembled in the jail, into which the prisoner was conducted. He occupied the place assigned to persons in his unfortunate condition; and during the service was as attentive as could be expected. After the ser- vice he was conducted across the yard to a room, where he was pinioned. This part of the awful ceremony be went through with great composure; after which he ascended the steps leading to tbe drop with great firm- ness and carriage. On reaching the fatal drop, he bowed three times respectfully to the large assemblage below, and then calmly submitted himself to the exe- cutioner to have the rope adjusted. He intimated a wish to Mr. Atkins, the governor, that he should like to address a few words to the spectators; but, 011 being informed that he could not possibly make himself heard at such a distance, he became satisfied, put up his hands in the most penitent and suppliant manner, and proceeded to implore forgiveness of the Almighty. He then turned round, and on seeing near him Hip- kins, the officer, he said to him, " Hipkins, God bless yon, and all my friends." The final arrangements for his last moment having been made, he advanced for- ward, with a fixed and firm step, upon the fatal drop, the bolt was drawn, and in an instant he ceased to live. A number of women were permitted to rub their necks with his hands, in expectation that the applica- tion would cure their wens. The body, after banging an hour, was taken down, and buried within the pre- cincts of the jail. THE HARVEST. The few days we hare had of fine weather have produced a great change in the crops. In certain situations the beautiful yellow has made its appearance, particularly in the barley. The wheat generally stands up well, and is firmly topped; there is no doubt that a little time of fine weather would ripen and secure a very abundant produce. Already oats are beginning to be cut in the neighbourhood of Don- caster— Sheffield Irit. Some alarm has been excited that the harvest is likely to prove not so abundant as could be desired. Such fear may be considered well founded, if the state of tke weather in our part of the country may be taken as a criterion Blackburn Standard. During the last four or five days there has been a de- lightful change in the weather, which bids fair to be of steady continuance. The corn in many parts of the country is ripe for cutting, and the harvest is now become nearly general. We are happy to say that the crops are abundant, and the ear is generally very full of grain.— Plymouth Advertiser. We regret to state that the wind, for the last two days, has been so high as to cause a serious loss to the farmers where corn is ripe and uncut, and we hear farmers speak of wheat and oats lying much thicker on the ground than they were sown. With the exception of thin crops on high and exposed situations, we feel great pleasure in repeating what we said last week, that the wheat crop is, in most places in the country, better than was thought, and that the mischief said to have been done, hes been exaggerated. The crops of oats and barley seem generally to be the best that we have seen for some years Brighton Gazette. There is scarcely a field of corn, of any description, uncut in this neighbourhood; and if the weather should be favour, able, it will be all housed in good condition in a few days. — Lewes Letter in ditto. Barley harvest commenced at Daffus on Monday last, on the croft or pendicle of Mr. Riacli, parish schoolmaster, and on Thursday at the farm of Coltfield, Alves, occupied by Mr. John Sinclair. There is a large field of fine barley at Linkwood, and several small patches in the immediate neighbouahood of Elgin, that will be ready for the sickle in the course of next week.— Elgin Courant. The crops do not yat appear to have suffered seriously; and, late though they are, if we are favoured with a con- tinuance of the present favourable weather, the harvest may yet be carried forward and completed in a more satisfactory manner than the unpropitious state of the season led many to apprehend. Reaping was begun in this vicinity on Thursday. The crop appears to be excellent, both with respect to quality and kind Dundee Advertiser. It rained rather heavily 011 Sunday morning, and one or two slight showers have since fallen; but the weather is, on the whole, not so unfavourable as variable, and the crops are in a thriving condition. The accounts from different parts of the country show that general hopes are now en- tertained of an average harvest; but these hopes of course depend on the chance of fair weather. We observe that Mr. Millar, Inverleith Mains, commenced cutting a large field of barley yesterday, which appears to be quite ripe, and a fair crop. We also noticed on the same farm wheat pretty well colouied, and a very heavy crop.— Edinburgh Ad- vertiser. Wheat and oats continue to look strong and bulky, and fill remarkably well in the ear; but the harvest will be late. — Kilmarnoeh Journal. For the last few days we have been favoured with dry weather, and a moderate share of sunshine. Although the evenings are in general cold, the crops are fast hastening to maturity. In the carses the quality of the produce will be very various ; on stiff clay soils, particularly where wedge draining has not yet been brought into use, the quantity will be but small; while the sickly hue of the wheat and barley indicates, too truly I fear, but a light sample. On dry field, however, and on kindly carse soil, they are both bulky, and have a fine healthy appearance. Oats everywhere look well, and will be an average crop; and although in the muir- lands they will be late, they promise to be heavy .— Stirling Journal. It is most gratifying to find # iat little harm has yet been done, and although the harvest will be late, the crop3 of all kinds, even the wheat, promise at least an average yield.— Tipperary Free Press. A marked favourable change has taken place as respects the harvest, which, we are happy to say, although late, gives promise of healthiness and abundance. Our accounts from our local districts, although uniting in representing the con- dition of the poor as most calamitous, agree in stating that, with few exceptions, there will be, should the present genial weather continue, a plentiful and luxuriant crop— a remark particularly applicable to potatoes— the staple^ rticle of food of the greatest bulk of the rural population. — Cork Re- porter. The weather still continues changeable; we have scarcely had tliiee successive days of uninterrupted sunshine during the past month; the rain fell copiously yesterday. The farmers anxiously look forward to a change, which will enable them to proceed with the harvest work.— Sligo Journal. A considerable quantity of lain fell here on Thursday. The showers, were, however, comparatively light, ami could not, we should think, be of material injury to the grain crops. Yesterday was sultry. No rain fell during the day. I11 the evening there were slight drizzling showers, but we are in hopes that the weather will keep up. The crops in this part of the county of Down look remarkably well, and we are informed that in Armagh, Monaghan, and Louth counties, they are every bit as promising.— Newry Te- legraph. The weather, since Saturday last, has been dry and fa- vourable for the growing crops, none of which have, as yet, as far as we can learn, suffered from the late heavy rains. The appearance of the weather, for some time past, has given rise to speculation, in consequence of which provi- sions have been rising in price.— Enniskillen Chronicle. Since Monday ( Aug. 13) tbe weather lias been very vari- able, and, upon tbe whole, unfavourable. On Thursday morning rain again commenced, and has continued to fall at intervals ever since; but the weather took up about eleven yesterday, and has since been fine and warm, with occa- sional showers. At our Corn Exchange on Tuesday wheat fell 2s.; but on Friday it recovered the advanced rate of that day week, and a sample of new ( white) reached the very high price of 50s. per barrel, which is equal to 85s. Sl£ d. the English quarter of eight bushels. This is considerably beyond the rate at which the duty upon the importation of bonded wheat falls down to the minimum, Is. But it would appear that all the wheat now in Great Britain, home and foreign, would not supply six weeks'consumption. Unless there should be an extensive foreign importation within a short period, the new wheat will be greatly run upon for immediate grinding, as soon as it appears at market. This, of course, will keep up, if not advance prices still higher. We are, then, at the present moment, in a most critical po- sition as regards tbe growing crops, and a week or two of fine weather would be of tile moat inestimable value. Mean- time, it is most gratifying to find that little harm has yet been done, and, although the harvest will be late, the crops * of all kinds, even the wheat, promises an average yield; oats and potatoes more than an average.— Dublin Mercan- tile Advertiser. The weather still continues unfavourable. About three o'clock this morning there was an extremely heavy fall of rain, and, although the weather has since cleared up, there has been a high wind all day, which is likely to do some injnry to the ripening corn. Nevertheless, the ac- counts from the country generally continue to be encourag- ing, a week or two of dry warm weather would ensure fair average crops. We received this morning a letter from our Westmeath correspondent, who states that the wheat and other crops have been injured to some extent by a very minute insect .— Dublin Evening Post. r 6 POETRY. TO I. A., ESQ., BIRMINGHAM, ON HIS LEAVING ENGLAND. May favouring gales and healthy airs attend, The bark that bears my highly valued friend! May peace be his, when in a distant clime, Far from the author of this artless rhyme, He dwells; and in his vivid fancy sees Those who were wont hi « social soul to please. May bounteous plenty, with profusion, pour Around his hearth a never- failing store! May fleecy flocks his happy hills adorn, And all his valleys smile with ripening corn ! May his loved wife, more cherished and more dear, For ever idolized, for ever near, Bless with her beauty, with her converse charm, Soothe every care and banish all alarm! May their prized offspring, pledge of nuptial truth, Gambol around in innocence and youth, And with their prattle speed the parting hour, Till the sun sinks behind the verdant bower! Yet, sometimes, let one recollection stray To one who thinks of you, though far away— Who now presents you with this honest strain. Who deeply feels, but cannot paint hi « pain, To lose so suddenly, to grieve so long, To part so soon, and with esteem so strong! Oh ! think of him ! whate'er may be his fate, Or fixed or wandering, high or low his state, Each night and morning shall his prayers ascend. To beg a blessing for his absent friend! Fond and united, may you long enjoy, Wealth without envy, love without alloy! And from the earth at last triumphant rise, To live for ever far above the skies! ITdgbaston, August 21,1838. F. B. R. GLEANINGS. EAST AND WEST Europeans commemorate the laying of the foundation stone; Turks celebrate the covering in of the roof. Among the Turks, a beard is a mark of dignity j with us ® f negligence. Shaving the head is, with them, a custom; with us, a penishment. We take off our gloves before our sovereign; they cover their hands with their sleeves. We enter our apartment with our head uncovered; they enter an apartment with the feet uncovered. With them, the men have their necks and their arms wilted; with us, women have their arms and necks naked. With us, the women parade in gay colours, and the men fe> sombre; with them, in both cases, it is the reverse. With us, the men ogle the women; in Turkey, the wo- men ogle the men. With us, the lady looks shy and bashful; in Turkey, it is the gentleman. In Europe, a lady cannot visit a gentleman; in Turkey, * be can. In Turkey, a gentleman cannot visit a lady; in Europe, lie can. There the ladies always wear trousers, and the gentlemen sometimes wear petticoats. Willi us, the red cap is the symbol of license; with them n lehat. In our rooms the roof is white and the wall is coloured ; With them, the wall is white and the roof is coloured. In Turkey, there are gradations of social rank without privileges; in England, there are privileges without corres- ponding social distinctions. With us, social forms and etiquette supersede domestic ties; with them, the etiquette of relationship supersedes that of society. With us, the schoolmaster appeals to the authority of the parent; with them, the parent has to appeal to the superior authority and responsibility of the schoolmaster. With us, a student is punished by being " confined to riiapel;" with them, a scholar is punished by being excluded ftom the mosque. Their children have the manners of men; our men the manners of children. Amongst us, masters require characters with their ser- vants; in Turkey, servants inquire into the chaiacter of masters. We consider dancing a polite recreation; they consider it a disgraceful avocation. In Turkey, religion restrains the imposition of political taxes; in England, the government imposes taxes for re- Jagion. In England, the religion of the state exacts contributions ® rom sectarians; in Turkey, the religion of the state pro- tects the property of sectarians against government taxes, An Englishman will be astonished at what he calls the absence of public credit in Turkey; the Turk will be amazed at our national debt. The first will despise the Turks for having no organisa- tion to facilitate exchange; the Turk will be astounded to perceive, in England, laws to impede the circulation of com- merce. The Turk will wonder how government can be carried on with divided opinions; the Englishman will not believe that, without opposition, independence can exist. In Turkey, commotion may exist without disaffection; in England, disaffection exists without commotion. A European, in Turkey, will consider the administration t> f justice defective; a Turk, in Europe, will consider the principles of law unjust. The first would esteem property, in Turkey, insecure against violence; the second would consider property, in England, insecure against law. The first would marvel how, without lawyers, law can be administered; the second would marvel how, with lawyers, justice can be obtained. The first would be starlled at the want of a check upon the central government; the second would be amazed at the absence of control over the local administration. We cannot conceive immutability in the principles of the state compatible with well- being; they cannot conceive that which is good and just capable of change. The Englishman will esteem the Turk unhappy, because be has no public amusements; the Turk will. reckon the man miserable who lacks amusements from home. The Englishman will look on the Turk as destitute of taste, because he has no pictures; the Turk will consider the Englishman destitute of feeling, from his disregard of nature. The Turk will be horrified at prostitution and bastardy; the'Englishman at polygamy. The first will he disgusted at our haughty treatment of our inferiors ; the second will revolt at the purchase of slaves. They will reciprocally call each other fanatic in religion— dissolute in morals— uncleanly in habits— unhappy in the developement of their sympathies and their tastes— destitute severally of political freedom— each will consider the other unfit for good society. The European will term the Turk pompous and sullen; the Turk will call the European flippant and vulgar. It may, therefore, he imagined how interesting, friendly, and harmonious, must be the intercourse between the two.— l/ rquhart. AFRICAN FER. E.— All the large wild animals are to be found in the Namaqua country, but elephants are now several days' journey east of the Fish river. Lions are everywhere fouad, most of which are of the usual light brown colour, whilst others are entirely black, with long Jsair; a third sort is white; a fourth has striped legs, like those of a tiger; and a fifth has a white neck. I saw the common lion and part of a white one, the others I heard of from the natives, and I feel confident that they exist. The two- horned rhinoceroses, both black and white, are now found in the upper parts of the Fish river; zebras are every- where in the land; beautiful spotted panthers; plenty of giraffes or eameleopards, buffaloes, koodoos, gemboks, • Elands, hartibeests, klipsptingers, springboks, and others of the deer tribe; hyenas, wild boars, jackals, polecats, rats, and mice, are in great abundance. The larger birds are ostriches, eagles, vultures, bustards, cranes, pheasants, and guinea fowl. There is a great variety of small birds, par- ticularly along the constant waters of the Fish river. Snakes and serpents are in plenty, but fortunately there are very few mosquitoes. The people are not much tormented with the alague of insects, except with those which multiply from labits of neglect, and with a troublesome and small red- > odied tormentor with eight legs, called a bush- louse. * * The Boschmans have a peculiar mode of fishing in the © up river; tliey make conical baskets of stick grass, which s as thick and hard us quills; some of them then tie a stone ) » the back of their necks, to keep them down in the water; Kid, wading in, they sit down in the river, with the water jp to their mouths, and the basket between their legs, the jiouth of it to the front; other Boschmans wade so as to drive the fish towards the basket- men, who are sitting in line, and who, pushing the passing fish into their baskets, eollect a number of them, then rising rapidly, they empty them on the bank, where sit their women, and then resume their place in the river, A- hunter states that the poison of euphorbia, or milk tush ( boiled till it was black), which he used, took from sunrise to mid- day to kill the game ( or ubout seven hours) Bid that after wounding bucks or other large animals, he eisurely followed on their spoor till he found them dead. • When you are out hunting," I said, " and come unepect- Mlly on a lion, what do you do?" " It is of no use to run way," answered the Boschman, " the lion would soon catch ne^ if he is awake and sees me." " He is commonly asleep, then, in the day time," I continued,." if he has nothing to eat?" " Yes," was the reply. " You sometimes share what the lion has got, if he is eating when you see him ?" " Yes." " Shew me how you get part of the lion's food." On which the old man, taking up his assegay, and walking backwards and forwards in front of a bush, where a lion was supposed to be devouring a zebra or buck, and brandishing, but never throwing his lance, he addressed the lion thus, whilst he continued his to and fro walk:—" What have you come here for? Have you g « t anything to eat? You made such a noise, I thought you had got something. Don't think to come here and quarrel with me, but go off and get flesh." Thus walking and talking for some time, he at last sits down facing the lion, when the astonished animal probably moves off, and leaves the remainder of his prey to the Boschman. — Alexander. THE CITIES OF GALILEE Arrived at the sea of Galilee, I was very anxious to discover, if possible, the sites of Capernaum, Chorazin, Bethsaida, & c., and to visit the eastern shore of the lake, of which I had never met with any description;— with the exception of Burckhardt, who only visited the south. eastern extremity, and a few other gentlemen, who travelled as Arabs, dread of the inhabitants had hitherto deterred Frank travellers from venturing thither; but we were a numerous party, well armed— times, too, were changed— and we determined, therefore, on making the complete tour of the lake, en route, for Oin Keis and Jerash ;— some humbug was talked to us, not about the in- habitants, but the roads, which our guide declared absolutely impassable: truth is a rare bird in this country;— there is as beautiful and easy a footpath along the whole eastern shore of the lake as across a meadow in England. About an hour north of Tiberias, and at the bottom of a deep bay, unnoticed in the map, we entered the plain of Gennesareth, of which Josephus gives such a glowing description, nor do I think it overcharged. It is excessively fertile, but for the most part uncultivated; the waste parts are covered with the rankest vegetation, reeds, nebbek- trees, oleanders, honeysuckles, wild flowers, and splendid thistles in immense crops ; I saw a stunted palm or two, and there are fig- trees, though I did not see them— once they were numerous- A broad clear stream and innumerable rapid little rivulets cross tile road. Medjdel, a wretched village, probably re- presents Magdala, tile birth- place of Mary Magdalen, both names implying " tower," in Arabic and Hebrew,— but of Capernaum no traces remain; not even, so far as I could ascertain by repeated inquiries, the memory of its name- Truly, indeed, has Capernaum been cast down to Hades— the grave of oblivion. I think it must have stood on the northern extremity of the plain, close to the sea; its posi- tion on the shore cannot be doubted,— it was also very near the mountain 011 which our saviour preached his sermon, for, descending from it, he entered into Capernaum ;— the hills to the south of the plain are very rugged and barren— one would not for a moment dream of climbing them for such a purpose as our Saviour had in view— those that bound the plain to the west are too distant from the lake to answer the conditions, while that to the north, which we crossed 011 our road to the head of the lake, agrees with them in every point; the summit, an easy walk from the town, supposing it situated as I conceive it was, being perfectly smooth and covered with fine grass, though the sides are rocky. Beyond this hill, in another small plain, flow several very copious streams of warm mineral waters, and there are extensive ruins of ltoman baths and aqueducts. After traversing a succession of sloping meadows, and some of the finest thickets of oleander I ever saw, in full flower, we reached the head of the lake, in four hours after leaving Tiberias. I could hear nothing of Chorazin and Bethsaida, though I named them to almost every one we met. Beth- saida, however, was discovered by Pococke in ruins, and called by the same name, rather out of this immedirte dis- trict, but Chorazin ought to be somewhere hereabouts. Dr. Richardson was informed that both Chorazin and Caper- naum were near, but in ruins— no one, however, that we met seemed to know anything abon'l'hem. Some future traveller may be more fortunate in tin.,' interesting inquiry.— Lord Lindsay. SHAVING— Oh pitiable condition of human kind ! One colour is born to slavery abroad, and one sex to shavery at home ! A woman, to secure her comfort and well- being in this country, stands in need of one thing only, which is a good husband; but a man hath to provide himself with two things, a good wife and a good razor, and it is more difficult to find the latter than the former. The doctor made these rema. ks one day, when his chin was smarting after an un- comfortable operation ; and Mrs. Dove retorted by saying that women had still the less favourable lot, for scarce as good razors might be, good husbands were still scarcer. Ays, said the doctor, Deborah is right, and it is even so; for the goodness of wife, husband, and razor, depends upon their temper, and taking in all circumstances and causes, natural and adventitious, we might reasonably conclude that steel would more often be tempered precisely to the just degree, than that the elements of which humanity is com- posed should be all nicely proportioned and amalgamated happily. Rarely, indeed, could nature stand up, and, pointing out a sample of its workmanship in this line, sav to all the world, " This is a man!" meaning thereby what man, rational, civilised, well educated, redeemed, immortal man, may and ought to be. Where this could be said in one instance, in a thousand, or ten thousand others, she might say, This is what man has, by his own devices, made himself— a sinful and miserable creature, weak or wicked, selfish, sensual, earthly minded, busy in producing temporal evil for others, and everlasting evil for himself! But as it was his delight to find good, or to look for it, in everything, and especially when he could discover the good which may be educed fiom evil, he used to say that more good than evil resulted fiom shaving, preposterous as he knew the practice to be, irrational as he admitted it was, and trouble- some as, to his cost, he felt it. The inconvenience and the discomfort of the operation no doubt were great, very great, especially in frosty weather, and during March winds, and when the beard is a strong beard. He did not extenuate the greatness of this evil, which was, moreover, of daily occurrence. Nay, he said, it was so great, that had it been necessary for physical reasons, that is to say, were it a law of nature, instead of a practice enjoined by the custom of the country, it would undoubtedly have been mentioned in the third chapter of the book of Genesis, as the peculiar penalty inflicted upon the sons of Adam, because of his sepa- rate share of the primal offence. The daughters of Eve, as is well known, suffer expressly for their mother's sin ; and the final, though not apparent cause, why the practice of shaving, which is apparently so contrary to reason, should universally prevail in all civilised Christian countries, the doctor surmised might be, that by this means the sexes were placed in this respect upon an equality, each having its own penalty to bear, and those penalties being, perhaps, on the whole equal; or if man had the heavier for his portion, it was no more than he deserved, for having yielded to the weaker vessel. These, indeed, are things which can neither be weighed nor measured; but it must be considered that shaving comes every day to all men of what may be called the clean classes, and to the poorest labourer of handicraft once a- week ; and that if the daily shavings of one year, or even the weekly ones, could he put into one shave, the operation would be fatal— it would be more than flesh and blood could bear. In the case of man this penalty brought with it no after- compensation, and here the female had the advantage. Some good, nevertheless, resdlted from it, both to the community and to the individual shaver, unless lie missed it by his own fault. To the community, because it gives employment to barbers, a lively and loquacious race, who are everywhere the great receivers and distributors of all news, private or public, in their neighbourhood. To the individual, whether he were, like the doctor himself, and as Zebedee is familiarly said to have been, an autokureus, which is, being interpreted, a self- shaver, or shaver of him- self; or merely a sliavee, as the labouring classes almost always are, the operation in either case brings the patient into a frame of mind favotfrable to his moral improvement. He must be quiet and composed when under the operator's hands, and not less so if under his own. In whatever tem- per or state of feeling he may take his seat in the barber's chair, or his stand at the looking- glass, he must at once become calm. There must be 110 haste, no impatience, 110 irritability; so surely as he gives way to either, he will smart for it. And, however prone to wander his thoughts may be at other, and, perhaps, more serious times, he must he as attentive to what he is about in the act of shaving, as if he were working a problem in mathematics. As a lion's heart and a lady's hand are among the requisites for a surgeon, so are they for a Zebedeean shaver. He must have a steady hand and a mind steadied for the occasion; a hand confident in its skill, and a mind assured that the hand is competent to the service to which it is ordered. Fear brings with it its immediate punishment as surely as in a field of battle ; if he but think of cutting himself, cut himself he will.— The Doctor. AN OPERA OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY.— Speaking of an opera which he attended in 1645, Evelyn, in his Diary, says " They held us by eyes and eares till two in the morn- ing;" and, looking at the theatrical details of the period, we are not surprised at the effect so quaintly described by this ancient chronicler. What should we think, in these degene- rate days, of an opera produced in such style as this ! " There were choruses of a hundred virgins, and a hundred soldiers ; a hundred horsemen in steel armour: a hundred performers on trumpets, cornets, sackbuts, drums, flutes, and other in- struments, on horseback and on foot; two lions led by two turks, and two elephants led by two others ; Berenice's tri- umphal car, drawn by four horses ; and six other cars, with spoils and prisoners, drawn by twelve horses. Among tile scenes in the first act was a plain with two triumphal arches ; another, with a pavilion and tents; a square, prepared for the entrance of the triumphal procession, and a forest for the chase. In the second act there were the royal apart- ments of Berenice's temple of vengeance, a spacious court with a view of the prison, and a covered way along which passed a train of carriages. In the third act there were the royal dressing- room, magnificently furnished; stables, con- taining a hundred live horses, ( shades of Cooke and Fran- eoni! a hundred live horses— only think of this!) a portico adorned with tapestry, and a superb palace seen in perspec- tive. In the course of the piece there weie representations of hunting the boar, the stag, and the bear. And to con- elude the whole, an enormous globe descended from the sky, which divided itself into lesser globes suspended in the air, on which were seen allegorical figures of Fame, Honour, Nobility, Virtue, and Glory."— Hogarth. RATIO TO THE POPULATION OF THE NUM- BER OF CHILDREN ATTENDING SCHOOLS. I11 Maine ( United States) New York New Jersey Zurich ( Switzerland) Saxony —.. Bohemia Prussia ™ Baden Wurtemburg Denmark Norway , Scotland Bavaria Holland ( generally) Pennsylvania ( United States) Switzerland ( Eight Cantons) Austria ™ . Belgium „ England „ Lombardy, Ireland Franca - Ducpetiaux. 1833 „ „ 1 in 3 1834 ~ ~ 1 in 3.6 m „ 1 in 5 1832 „ ™ 1 in 5 1834 „ „ 1 in 5.5 1833 „ ~ 1 in 5.7 1831 ~ ~ 1 in 6 1830 ™ „ 1 in 6 1834 „ ~ 1 in 7 1834 „ ~ 1 in 7 1834 „ „ 1 in 7 1834 „ ™ 1 in 8 1831 „ „ 1 in 8 1835 „ „ 1 in 8 3 ™ „ 1 in 9 1834 _ „ 1 in 9 1832 „ „ 1 in 10 1836 „ - 1 in 10 1833 „ - 1 in 11 1832 „ „ 1 in 12 6 1831 ™ . 1 in 13.2 1834 ™ „ 1 in 13 3 GUARDIANS' MEETING. A meeting of the guardians of the poor was held at the workhouse vestry, 011 Thursday evening, for the purpose of affixing their common seal to the conveyance of the Key- hill estate from the guardians of the poor to the trustees of the Birmingham Cemetery Company, to authorise and direct such temporary use or appropriation of the money arising from the sale of the said estate as may be considered necessary; and also to adopt any measures that may be deemed expedient with regard to the present financial diffi- culties of the parish, and the making a new survey and valuation. Mr. P. H. MUNTZ having been called to the chair, the minutes of the former meeting were read over; upon which Mr. KNIGHT rose and said, the cemetery company were now ready to make a final settlement of the purchase of the Key- hill estate, and to pay the balance of the money. He had accordingly thought it his duty to bring the matter to a close, by having it inserted in the notice calling that meeting. The guardians seal was then formally affixed to the deed of conveyance. Mr. KNIGHT said he had a resolution to submit, relative to the appropriation of the money which they were about to receive for the estate they had just formally conveyed. They were aware that large sums of money were due to perions who had furnished the overseers with change to pay the paupers from week to week, and that there were also considerable « umi due to tradesmen for goods delivered. He should, therefore, propose that fha 2,000/. should be placed at the disposal of the treasurer, towards the liquida- tion of these debts; and that it be replaced as soon as money could be collected from the rates. Mr. DOUGLAS said one important point to be ascertained was, whether they had power to appropriate the money in the manner proposed. No one could be more willing than he was to support the resolution, if lie thought they could legally do so. According, however, to his reading of the act, which he held in his hand, the guardians had no power to make such an appropriation; and no point of law was better established than this— that the overseer could not borrow money for the support of the poor. The Guardians' act enjoined that all moneys raised by the sale of estates belonging to the parish were to be expended in the purchase of other estates, or for a new workhouse, or the enlarging or rebuilding of the present workhouse and asylum. He feared, under these circumstances, they could not apply the money in accordance to Mr. Knight's resolution; and he ( Mr. D.) should, therefore, more, as an amendment, that the balance of the purchase money of the Key- hill estate be applied in the terms of the Guardians' act. Mr. JENNINGS seconded Mr. Douglas's amendment. Mr. PHILLIPS supported Mr. Knight's resolution. He did not know precisely what was the law of the case; but he thought he knew the justice of it. They had borrowed money from several persons, and contracted debts in other ways, and he thought, now that they had the means of pay- ing the parties, they ought to do so. When they had ob- tained a proper survey and valuation, they could raise money very speedily to repay the two thousand pounds. He thought they would he doing far greater injustice to retain the money from the persons to whom it was due, than by expending it in paying their just debts. If they had winked at a little illegality in contracting the debts, they might, perhaps, wink at a little illegality for the sake of paying them. Mr. D. MALINS, jun., considered the great difficulty in which the parish was placed, was the want of a substantial valuation, upon which such a rate could be based, as would enable the guardians and overseers to meet all demands upon them. He thought they had better at once face that difficulty, and put themselves in a condition to pay all they owed in a perfectly legal manner. He had no doubt of the illegality of the course proposed by Mr. Knight; and he, for one, should not like to take his share of the responsibility of an illegal act. He opposed the resolution on the ground of its illegality. Mr. KNIGHT, in reply, said, he had no personal interest whatever in the matter. ( Hear, hear.) He was aware that his resolution might not be strictly legal, but they ought to recollect that he had proposed it under peculiar circum- stances. If they had been as cautious and honest all along as they then were, there would not have been any necessity for his resolution. It they had told the persons from whom they were weekly receiving their money and goods, that they could not pay them, and that they could not be compelled to pay them, it would have been all right, because the parties would have acted with tiieir eyes open. They would have known what they had to trust to, and they would not have given the guardians their money. Me could only say, if their conduct in refusing to appropriate the money to the payment of their debts was consistent, their conduct in contracting their debts in an illegal manner was inconsistent. He had no desire to press his resolution, and, with the per- mission of the meeting, he should withdraw it. The amendment was then put and carried. Mr. DOUGLAS said, since their last meeting, the survey and valuation committee had mat, and finding that they could not come to any satisfactory understanding with the surveyors, they drew up a resolution and the draft of a letter, which they sent to them, and which set forth fully what the guardians required, and demanding their assent if they approved of it. The resolution, and the reply to it, were in the hands of the chairman. Mr. EDMONDS moved that they be read. The CHAIRMAN said, they were aware a resolution had been passed at their last meeting relative to the surveyors. That resolution was communicated to the surveyors, anil an answer was sent to it, which, in meaning and in terms, was a counterpart of the letter laid before the last meeting, and which led to the resolution referred to. On its being re- ceived by the survey and valuation committee, the following resolution was unanimously agreed to : — The CHAIRMAN read the various documents: — " Birmingham, August 20,1833. " Gentlemen,— In answer to your resolution of the 16th inst., we beg to say, that we should now, and at all times, consider ourselves bound to rectify any errors in our sur- vey and valuation of the parish of Birmingham, which may be found to exiBt, without making any additional charge for the correction; in short, we are bound, at your desire, to make the survey and valuation of the parish full, complete, and correct; but as it is the interest of many parties to appeal against any rate, it would be im- possible for us to guarantee the parish against the expense of answering appeals which may be made, and, perhaps, supported, though the survey and valuation should be of themselves both complete and correct. " We are, gentlemen, your obedient servants, " C. EDGE, " JOSEPH PLEVINS, " JOHN KEMPSON, " BARNABAS CHESSHIRE." " The above letter having been laid before the meeting, and it appearing from that letter that there is still a misun- derstanding on the part of the surveyors in respect to the resolution of the law committee of the 10th, and the reso- lution of the Guardians of the 16th instant. *' Resolved, " That the following draft of a letter be transmitted to the surveyors, and they be requested to return an answer in terms of the same, on or before four o'clock 011 Thursday next— " Gentlemen,— We agree to make a survey and valuation of the parish in terms of the resolution of the meeting of Guardians of the 16th instant, namely, that the said survey and valuation shall be full, complete, and correct; and if, upon appeal, the same shall be found by the judgment of the court or courts appealed to, to be not full, not complete, or not correct, we engage, in that case, to revise and correct the same, until it shall be confirmed either by not being ap- pealed against, or by being sustained on appeal, and such revising and correcting we bind and oblige ourselves to make without any additional charge whatever." To this last communication, the letter now about to be read, was a reply— " Gentlemen,- We have to acknowledge the receipt of your resolution, dated the 20th inst., with the draft of a letter, re- questing us to return an answer in the terms ol the same, on or before 4 o'clock on Thursday next; and we beg, in reply, respectfully to inform you, that, although we cannot comply with your request, we are ready to proceed with and com- plete our valuation, in accordance with your instructions of the 2nd of October, and the 22nd of March last, using our best endeavours, with the advice of your solicitor ( in such matters as may be deemed necessary) to make such a valu- ation as cannot reasonably be objected to, or appealed against. " We are, gentlemen, yours, & c. " C. EDGE, " BARNABAS CHESSHIHE, " JOHN KEMPSON, " JOSEPH PLEVINS." Mr. EDMONDS said, he tliougnt the last letter of the sur- veyors required that the Guardians should take a decisive step. It was indispensably necessary that they should pro- cure such a valuation as would stand the test of the law; and, as the present surveyors could not unndertake to make such a valuation, he thought they ought at once to advertise for surveyors who would uadertake to make such a survey and valuation. He moved that the survey and valuation committee should take immediate steps, by public advertisement, to procure such a valuation. Mr. DOUGLAS seconded the motion. He could not con- ceive any request more reasonable than that contained in the letter submitted to the surveyors. The fact was simply this:— They wanted a certain work done; they were willing to give the surveyors their own time to do it in, and their own price for doing it, and all they required was, that if it turned out upon examination that the surveyors had not done what they agreed to do, they should be obliged to go over it again, and correct what was incorrect at their own expense. They never dreamt of asking the surveyors to defray the expense of any appeal that might be brought against the rate. Mr. KNIGHT moved, by way of amendment, that the question of advertising should be postponed until the guar- dians had come to a distinct resolution as to the mode in which the survey should be gone about; whether the sur- veyors alone should be responsible for its execution, or whether their responsibility should be shared with the soli- citor of the guardians, and with the guardians themselves. The amendment was seconded by Mr. David Malins, and supported by Mr. Harris, Mr. Barrows, and others. After considerable discussion the amendment was put and lost by a small majority. The original motion was then carried, and the meeting adj ourned at half- past nine o'clock. MEETING OF THE COUNCIL OF THE POLITICAL COUNCIL. At the meeting of the council, on Tuesday evening, there was a very numerous attendance. Mr. P. H. MUNTZ, having taken the chair, and read over the minutes of the last meeting, observed that there had been a letter, which he held in his hand, addressed by some anonymous writer at a distance, to the council, recom- mending them to direct their attention to the repeal of the corn- laws. He knew that the repeal of these laws would be a material advantage to the people. He knew it would be of great service to the working classes, if they could buy the quartern loaf for half its present price, but the intelligent members of the Union, and the intelligent men throughout the kingdom, knew that there was not the least hope of getting the corn- laws repealed by the present House of Commons—( hear, hear),— and hence their disinclination to divert public attention by enteitaining the question. There could not be the least hope that they could succeed in repealing laws, which the men, whom they had to petition upon the subject, had strong and direct interest in uphold- ing. Two questions appeared to have been pretty generally mooted by the press within the last few weeks. One ques tion generally asked was, were the men of Birmingham real advocates for universal suffrage, or were they mere currency men? Now, there was no necessity for entering into any explanation of the principles of the council, to the men of Birmingham, because they were well known ; but to persons at a distance it might be proper to state, that the 6ole object which the council had in view, was to obtain for the people political power, and having placed that power in their hands, leave them to the full and unbiassed exercise of it. They could then appoint whom they pleased to legislate for them, and they could adopt such new laws, or alterations in old ones, as they deemed best calculated to promote their interest. From the day that the Union adopted the prin- ciple of universal suffrage, he considered that all questions of detail, whether of corn- laws, or poor- laws, or money laws, were set aside. ( Hear, hear.) He considered that all and every of these questions must be sunk, until the people obtained, through the medium of universal suffrage, thoie rights without which it was impossible to expect they could ever achieve any good. The next subject to which he wished to advert, was the proposed " holy week," as it was termed. Their excellent friend, Mr. Attwood, was of opinion that the people should, in til* event of the government lefusing them justice, abstain from work throughout the kingdom for a whole week, and that they should attend to nothing during that period except politics. That was Mr. Attwood's opinion, and some of the council entertained the same opi- nion ; but they were aware that the council were not all England, and that they had no right to dictate upon that or any other point to the empire at large. They were the first who had led on the march, and they ought to be the last to retreat, but they did not presume to dictate. He confessed he had not entertained the same opinion as his friend Mr. Attwood, respecting the efficacy of the week's abstinence from work, because lie was afraid that if the people even did resort to it, that the wealth of the higher classes would prove too strong for them. He was afraid the rich would be able to stand out against the people lor that time, and that the working classes would be compelled to return without redress to their work. His Iriends Mr. Douglas and Mr. Salt were of opinion that great good could be effected by a strike against the excise, and other membeis had their notions respecting the best mode of operating upon their rulers, but these opinions were only those of individuals, to which neither the council nor the Union were in any way pledged. He wished it to be distinctly known and understood throughout the kingdom, that the council had not laid down any plan. It was for the Con- vention to do that. The council had but one resolution, which they meant to stand by, and that was, to carry out the principle of universal suffrage. Beyond that the council had not gone, nor did they intend to go. Their object was to induce the people to send delegates to London, who would sit and decide upon the best mode of effecting their object. Future operations were to be governed by the council of the delegates only— men chosen freely by all the working classes. They were the persons who were to tell them what was, and what was not to be done. He had been thus explicit, because he feared many might be led astray by the notion that the council of the Birmingham Union wished to dictate to the Radicals of the kingdom. He once more stated, that they went upon the plan of giving as much power as they could to the people, and then leaving it to the people to act as they saw best for their own and the general interest, Mr. DOUGLAS said, he held in his hand a letter from Man- Chester, from which it appeared that the Reformers there had held a meeting, on the 16th instant, in the field ol Peterloo. He found no fault with them for this meeting. When, at the last meeting, he mentioned the massacre that had taken place in that town, he stated that although the people ought to forgive it, they could never forget it. It was, indeed, an atrocity which the people of England ouijht not to forget, ft was not, in his opinion, a Christian duty that they should. From that massacre not only did the immediate victims suffer, but the cause of liberty suffered a deep and almost fatal wound. He found, therefore, no fault with the people of Manchester for keeping that day in eternal abomination. But that was not the great meeting. That had not as yet taken place. He held in his hand a letter from Mr. Richardson, who attended their late meet- ing in Birmingham. He should read a few extracts to show how they were proceeding in Manchester. Mr. D. then read extracts from a letter addressed to Mr. Salt by Mr. Richardson. He read these extracts as a communication from a private individual to a private individual. Some of the members of the council would, no doubt, attend that meeting, because it would, be had no doubt, be one of vast importance; as great, if not greater, than either the Glasgow or Birmingham meetings. With lespect to what had fallen from bis friend Mr. Muntz, he should say a few woids, and they would be addressed more to those without than to the council or the Union. He found that some of the Tory and Whig newspapers had taken great pains to represent the intended National Convention, as a means to enable Mr. Attwood the more effectually to carry into operation his views of the currency question. They represented the Convention as a cunning device of Mr. Attwood, got up merely to serve his own private interests. God knew there never was a more unjust calumny against any man than that involved in this charge against a man who, during a long life, had made such great and disinterested sacrifices for the public good. It was well known that by the course which the honourable gentleman had pursued, he had suffered in a pecuniary point of view. He had sacrificed extensive commercial connections— he had gone against the wishes of many and dear friends— and yet this was the man whom these papers selected to charge with base and sordid motives of personal interest. He believed firmly the idea of en- hancing his private interest never once came into Mr. Att- wood's imagination. But these writers had gone the length of representing the council as being mere tools of Mr. Att- wood, which he used to enable him to attain his object. Now, with every respect for Mr. Attwood— and he was sure there was 110 man who more highly venerated him than he ( Mr. D.) did— he would say, that if that gentleman was disposed to make tools of them, no man could have been more unfortunate in his selection of his men. ( Hear.) He never saw them on any occasion unwilling to offer their opinions upon any subject, or scrupulous in de- fending them. ( Hear.) They were always prepared to maintain their opinions and vote for them, no matter to whom they were opposed. Again, it had been asserted that the council wished to get the management of the con- vention into their own hands; and that this appeared from the fact of so many Birmingham men having been appointed in the delegation. Than this nothing could be more untrue. The numbers was fixed in the presence of Mr. O'Connor, the representative of many of the towns of the north, of Mr. Vincent, who represented the London Re- formers, and Mr. Moir and Mr. Purdie, representatives, he ( Mr. Douglas) might say, of the whole of the Reformers of Scotland. The opinions of these gentlemen were severally and distinctly taken, and they were unanimous in approving of Birmingham sending the number named in the resolution agreed to at the great meeting. They thought that it was probable some towns would not deem it necessary to incur the trouble and ex- pense of sending delegates, and that the cause might conse- quently suffer for want of a sufficient number. They also considered that as the undertaking originated in Birming- ham, there rested upon them a greater share of responsi- bility, and for that reason also it was thought right that a greater number should be appointed from Birmingham. It was argued, that it was indispensably necessary that the men of Birmingham should take a prominent part in the conven- tion; and that if they refused so to do, they might justly be accused of originating an undertaking which they scrupled, or were unable, to carry out. For all these reasons, the number of Birmingham delegates was fixed to be higher than any other town, and not from any desire to give to Birmingham an undue preponderance. He ( Mr. D.) might add, that it was not likely the whole of the delegates from Birmingham would be in London together, and there would, consequently, be no danger that they could exercise any undue influence in the deliberations of the convention. Now, with respect to the questions respecting the currency, and the corn- laws, and the poor- laws, he wished it to be distinctly understood that they were only postponed, be- cause it was found impossible to moot them successfully under present circumstances. ( Hear, hear.) The cur- rency was the Birmingham hobby. The corn- laws were the Glasgow hobby; and the poor- laws were the Man- chester hobby. Each had good and substantial reasons for the hobby, but he confidently hoped that none of them would so ride it, as for one instant to injure the general cause. ( Hear, hear.) At this time the pressure from without became to great that Mr. Douglas was obliged to cease speaking, while an effort was made to cram into the room a number of persons who were outside. The room having been squeezed full, Mr. DOUGLAS resumed: He was speaking about the abandonment for the time being of the three great hobbies of the Radical Reformers. In advising this abandonment, the council had not proceeded hastily. It was after long and mature consideration. They had pursued the prin- ciples of economic reform long, and without any advantage or prospect of it. Their friend, Mr. Attwood, had tried the plan of economic reform in 1829, and it failed. They at- tempted it again very recently, by means of the memorial committee, and it failed. Having exhausted every means of redress, both under the old system, arid under its modifica- tion of 1832, they at last resolved upon thoroughly altering the machinery, as a requisite preliminary. They felt that it was in vain to look to a bad machine for good work, and therefore they resolved to go for a new machine! ( Cheers.) Not that they were indifferent to the corn laws, or the money laws, or the poor laws, but because they found it was utterly impossible to expect any change upon these great subjects from men who had a direct interest in main- taining the abuses that flowed from them. Finding they could gain nothing by an appeal to such men, they came to the resolution that they would at once agitate for a thorough change. There were other reasons that helped them to this conclusion. The money laws were a favourite topic in Birmingham, but it was not so elsewhere. ( Hear, hear.) The corn laws were a favourite topic, as he had stated, in Scot- land, he might say in England too, amongst the manufac- turing classes, but they were not a favourite topic iu the agricultural districts of England or of Scotland. The poor law question was popular in England, but the people of Ireland and the people of Scotland cared nothing about it. These questions were only partially approved of, only par- tially known, and whoever rested his case on one of them singly, must expect to find only a partial sympathy. Such was not the case with universal suffrage. ( Hear, hear.) The number of persons who recognised the evil of the corn laws, the money laws, or the poor laws, was, however great, comparatively speaking, nothing, compared to the numbers who felt degraded and abased by tiieir exclusion fiom all share in the political power of the kingdom. ( Hear, hear.) On the coin laws they would be opposed, not only by the House of Lordi and the House of Commons, but by the whole of the squirearchy and the farmers, who Imagined they would be ruined by throwing open the ports. Upon the money laws they would be opposed with much greater vehemence; that was a question that not one in ten thou- sand knew anything about. He never knew any commu- nity except a Birmingham community who understood any- thing of the currency question. Here, then, were three great questions, on no one of which could they combine a majority of the United Kingdom. Therefore, they said they would go for universal suffrage, because tiny would in that case have the masses with them ; and having the masses with them, they could not fail of success. ( Cheers.) If they should carry that question, they would not legislate for the country as the Whigs had done. They would mend their pace a little. I11 the year 1660, when Charles the Second was restored, the English Parliament passed many laws to amend those which had been passed by Cromwell; but the Scotch went more expeditiously to work. They passed an act repealing all the acts that had been agreed to during the commonwealth. When they obtained universal suffrage, they, like the Scotch, would pass an act recissoiy. They would schedule the whole of the obnoxious statutes, and repeal them in the lump. He would therefore say with hir friend Mr. Muntz, drop the money laws, the poor laws, the corn laws, and all other acts of particular grievance, and go straightforward for the one needful law— the law of uni- versal suffrage. ( Cheers.) Mr. SALT said, he could not but congratulate them upon the great proaress which their cause was making. The great crowd then assembled, and the daily increasing in- terest manifested by the people, were proofs that the labour- ing classes, in consequence of the delegation to Scotland, and the occurrences which had since taken place, were be- ginning to slir themselves, and evinced a spirit, and deter- mination, and organisation, far greater than could have been anticipated. The London Sun newspuper had announced that eighty- nine towns had declared for the national peti- tion—( cheers)— and had declared their determination to carry it into effect; and the Sun further declared, that such was the combination amongst the people, that they would be irresistible. The press attempted to burke their proceed- ings. At the time that hundreds of thousands were meeting in Scotland, and wiien the ground was rocking under them, the press attempted to burke them. But now they saw that they could no longer conceal the great and important move- ment which was going on, they found the people were de- serving of notice. The fact was, they found they were de- termined no longer to be duped by factions, and that they must have redress. Having alluded to the press, he would ask them— had they as yet driven the traitor Dispatch out of the town. ( Cries of Yes, yes.) He had written to his friends at a distance, calling their attention to the articles which had appeared in that paper the week before last; and if they, in the exercise of their judgment, disapproved of them, they could not adopt a more legitimate mode of ex- pressing their feelings than by discountenancing that paper. The people had it in their power to do so if they pleased. There was a strong, silent, determined feeling going forth amongst the people, such as he never before knew existing. He never knew anything to equal the organisation evinced by the signing of the national petition in Birmingham. There were no tables exhibited. There were no paid agents employed to canvass the town. Every thing was done coolly and silently. The members of the Union took the sheets, and in a few days they procured fifty thousand sig- natures. Was not this organisation such as never before existed? And was not the same organisation, if brought to beat upon a newspaper, sufficient to teach the libellers of the people that they must not betray and insult them with im- punity? He did not stand there the advocate of any parti- cular paper, but he must say, he thought they ought to sup- port those papeis which stood true to the people. There was a matter ol local importance to which he wished to call ( heir attention. Some men had been discharged from their employment by their masters, for having attended the great meeting. They had appeared before the magistrates, hut had not obtained any redress; and it was his ( Mr. S.' s) intention to attend with them before the magistrates on Thursday, and, if possible, obtain redress. He knew that if a workman took out work and did not finish it he could he punished ; and yet here were men, for no earthly offence, but merely for discharging a great public duty, turned adrift, * THE BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, AUGUST 25. • mm f fc and sent to perish for want of food. The people must protect these men. ( Hear, hear, hear.) If the people were in a condition of prosperity, they could bring all such masters to their senses, by refusing to work for them, but they were not, and all they could do was, to extend support to the sufferers until they were provided for. There were some men belonging to these masters, upon whom they could not indulge their spleen, because they were freemen, or leading men in their manufactories, but upon all those whom they could vent their spite they did. Of all the tyranny that could be practiced upon Englishmen he knew of none equal in virulence to that of depriving a man and his family of the means of support, because he thought proper to join his fellow men, in expressing his opinion upon the affairs ot his country. When he appeared before the magis- trates, lie should name the parties who had turned away their men, and lie would see if the men could not obtain justice. ( Cries of Name name.) He should not then name any person, simply because he did not not like to charge any man in his absence. He would name them when they would have an opportunity of defending them- selves. In the mean time the men must be kept from want. He should gire them what would enable them to _ o on until further steps could be taken to obtain assistance Jor them. They must see that such men were not sacrificed. Every such act of aristocratic cruelty and tyranny would only add to the people's strength, because it would unite tliem still more, and make them more determined to place themselves beyond the reach of such petty despotism. Mr. DOUGHS said, he omitted to acknowledge the receipt of 20s. from Mr. Cornforth, of Bath- street, for the use of the Union, and 5s. froir. an anonymous friend. One word with respect to what had been communicated to the meet- ing respecting the men who had been discharged from their work. One ot the masters alluded to had been figuring at No. 2, on the occasion of presenting a piece of plate to Mr. Lloyd Williams, for the humanity he displayed at the late riots in the town. It was pleasant to find this person on all points consistent. Mr. CUTLAR said, it was truly gratifying to him to find the people were alive to their own interests. The council had wisely adpted the principle of universal suffrage; in the rise and fall of that question all were interested. He was • xceedingly sorry that any man sliou'd be discharged from his work on account of performing what he considered a public duty. He thought there ought to be a box placed at the door of that room, to recti re immediate subscriptions for the relief of those who have been so unjustly treated. With respect to universal suffrage, he was of opinion, that the council ought at once to issue a declaration, ex- ? ressive of their opinions and determination on the subject, f, while they were contending for universal suffrage, they could get a repeal of the corn- laws, it would be all well and good. He thought they ought not to refuse such a measure of relief, because it would enable the working men to demand with greater vigour and success universal suffrage. It would place cheap provision in the hands of the people, and enable them to contribute more easily towards the cx- pense'of the movement necessary for securing the whole of their rights. At the same time, he did not wish to divide the attention of Reformers, by recommending a distinct agitation for the corn- laws. He only meant to say, that if government should sea the necessity and policy of altering the corn- laws, the people should not refuss that measure. No man desired to see these laws abolished more anxiously than he did, still he would not give tlnir abolition the pre- ference. Everything that had lately taken place proved that ' the people were bent upon having universal suffrage, and if the Union were to abandon it, they would sink irre- deemably in public opinion. The principle had gained such ground, that the government could not but see the utter impossibility of resisting its progress. As their friend Mr. Attwood had said, the snowball had been set in motion, and it would roll on until it gathered an irresistible strength. Mr. BLAXLAND said a few words— he had only just re- turned from a long journey in the country, and from what he saw of the crops, he had reason to fear that, without a special interposition of Providence, there would be a great deficiency. Mr. EDMONDS urged the necessity of pursuing the course which the Union had already murked out. He advised the working men to take their cause into their own hands. To depend neither upon this man or that man, but to unite firmly one with another, and so secure their just rights. If what the Sun had stated was true, and they had no interest in stating an untruth, that eighty- nine towns had already declared for the National Petition, he would ask, what force could resist them ? ( Cheers.) They had nothing like that number of towns in union with them, when his and their friend Mr. Attwood Btarted the first union, and they knew what it had achieved. If such great things were then done, what had they not to expect now? Mr. PIERCE proposed as a member of the council, Mr. Smith, of Bull- street. Mr. Smith was then ballotted for, and unanimously elected. Mr. DOUGLAS announced the receipt of a sovereign as a donation from Mr. Smith. The CHAIRMAN said, respecting the propriety of the council making a declaration of their principles, he should take the liberty of reading certain issolutions which had been agreed to by the council, and from which he trusted it would appear sufficiently clear that the opinion of the council was neither ambiguous nor undefined upon the question of universal suffrage. Mr. M. then read the fol- lowing extracts:— " That the history of the successive parliaments elected under the Reform bill, offers an uninterrupted series of proofs that the present constituency does not secure an effectual representation of the people; but that, under the new system, as under the old, the House of Commons is merely an arena for the contention of adverse faction— all equally regardless of the welfare of the people. " That under these circumstances it is the duty of the council to endeavour to unite all classes throughout the kingdom in a combined effort to obtain, under the represen- tation of all, the protection of all." Their principles were therefore clearly established, and he considered, after the reading of these resolutions, and what had been said by other spenkers, it would be deemed unne- cessary to go into any more formal explanation of their views. ( Hear, hear.) With respect to the Dispatch and Chronicle, he would only observe, that it depended upon the working men themselves, whether their paper should continue in circulation. They had only to refuse resorting to the public houses which continued to take them in, and the matter was at once settled. Mr. DOUGLAS said, before parting he might just be per- mitted to state, in a few words, what the members of con- vention were doing in reference to future operations. They had met, and agreed to a circular, which would be immedi- ately sent throughout the kingdom, in reference to the collection of the national rent. They had proposed that the subscription should be at the rate of filty shillings for every thousand of the population, and that sum, it was considered, would come within the reach of every commu- nity, however poor. The money was to be invested with a London banker, in the names of George Frederick Muntz, P. H. Muntz, and Robert Kellie Douglas, in trust for the national convention. When the convention assembled, the money would be handed over to that body, to be disposed of in such a manner as they might deem proper. The council of the Union had, of course, nothing whatever to do with the money. The only reason the names he had already mentioned were to be in any way connected with it was, because it was indispensably necessary that it should be lodged in the name of some person or persons. It was necessary that there should be at the disposal of the con- vention at least 8,000/. or 10,000/., because there was no knowing the extent to which litigious proceedings might not be carried against them. He hoped the call would be responded to. He knew it would in Birmingham. He did not think they would be required to meet in London before January, and by that time, he had no doubt, the required sum would be subscribed. It was their intention to divide Birmingham into districts, for the purpose of faci- litating the collection, and when the arrangements were complete they would be made known. The Chairman, after corroborating Mr. Douglas's state- ment relative to the intended application of the national rent, declared the meeting adjourned. In the course of the evening, Mr. Steel was introduced to the council as a new member, and took his seat. tribution. The ticket money, amounting to some pounds, was handed in very freely, and there was no lack of spirit. It was ruled that only those having tickets would, in future, be admitted to these meetings. PUBLIC OFFICE. WOMEN S POLITICAL UNION. On Wednesday evening, the Women's Union met at the Public- office, the large room was crowded. A chairwoman having been appointed, it was announced that upwards of thirteen hundred tickets had been disposed of. The an- nouncement was received with applause. One of the females present briefly addressed the meeting. She said she had lately been very violently nttacked by some of her Tory ac- quaintances, who demanded to know what right she had to busy herself about politics ? She replied, that she would not have done so, had she not suffered by politics; and had she not found that, by leaving politics entirely to the men, lier condition, and that of her neighbours, was'getting worse. She considered the women had a right to interfere, for the purpose of procuring such changes ns would improve their situation. The lords and ladies of the land enjoyed all the good things of the creation, whilst those who procured them could not touch them. She had long since given up the practice of repeating that part of the grace before meals which thanked the Almighty for his " good creatures," be- cause seldom or never did it happen that good creatures came to her humble table. ( Hear, hear.) She hoped the women would persevere, now that they had begun, and if they did so, things would soon be altered. Mr. Salt and Mr. Collins addressed the meeting, and were loudly cheered. Each of the members of the committee was' supplied with copies of Mr. Salt's last address to the women, for dis- MONDAY, AUG. 20. ( Before Joseph Webster, Daniel Ledsam, and William Beak, Esqrs. J Mary Goodwin, an unfortunate, was committed, for being drunk and disorderly in the streets. A NEW MODE OF RAISING THE WIND.— James Farnell was charged with defrauding. Ilaby, the street- keeper, stated, that having been in- formed that the prisoner was raising money in Nevr- street, in a fraudulent manner, he went to him, and found him offering for sale a parcel, purporting to be a packet cards. He examined one of the parcels, and found that it consisted of a small piece of bread between tivo cards, which he was selling for one penny each, The magistrates said, it was evident the prisoner was not a simpleton, or he would not have resorted to such an in- genious deception. If he would, however, promise not to offend again, they would discharge him. The prisoner did so, and was liberated. Mary Jones was committed for three months, as a rogue and vagabond, for stealing a piece of bacon from tlie shop of Mr. Stevenson, pork butcher, of Digbeth. Mr. Joliu Allday appeared before the magistrates, and addressing himself to Mr. Webster, said, he had then in the court a very respectable ladj as a witness, who was prepared to prove that the decision of the magistrates in liis case, which came before them last week, was based upon the perjury of Mr. Nicklin, who appeared against him. He wished Mr. Webster to hear this person's evidence, as he knew it would disprove what had been sworu against liim. Mr. Webster: You can indict the party for perjury, but I do not think we can re- open the case. Mr. Allday: I was prevented from calling my witnesses, and I consider 1 ought not to have been prevented. I felt aggrieved, and I have, consequently, sent a letter to Lord John Russell, of which the following is a copy : — " Birmingham, August I7th, 1838. " The Right Honourable Lord John Russell, Home Secretary. " My Lord,— I approach your lordship with sentiments of the most profound respect and veneration, respectfully hoping that your lordship will be pleased to institute in- quiry, as to a decision on Monday last, by two of Her Ma- jesty's justices of the peace for the borough of Birmingham, in the case of Nicklin v. Alllday. The allegations are, first, that the magistrates refused to hear and examine evidence; next, that one of the magistrates has large business trans- actions with the plaintiff, and also serves office with him ; and, under these circumstances, your lordship will easily imagine that dissatisfaction may be engendered. That your lordship will not, I cling to the hope, countenance deci- sions, as it were, expartc, without even so much as hearing evidence in defence; and I implore your lordship to have the goodness to issue your command, that this question shall be inquired into by two or more magistrates totally disconnected, both in feeling and interest, with both plaintiff and defendant. If I understand your lordship's character correctly, my belief is, that you regard the rights and privi- leges of the humblest man sacred as your own, and that you will defend it with the same zeal; and, by your compliance, you will confer an act of justice, anif a wholesome lesson to the magistracy, by the facts springing out of this inquiry. " I am, my lord, your most obedient humble servant, " JOHN ALLDAY." Mr. Webster: I can have not the least objection to that letter, Mr. Allday. Mr. Allday: The lady to whom I referred is a perfectly disinterested witness, and I am very anxious you should hear her evidence. Mr. Webster: If you recollect the case was decided upon evidence of the assault. You admitted the assault, and that was all we could go upon. We could not enter upon the prosecution. Mr. Allday : I could have made out a clear case of prose- cution. Mr. Webster: We could not enter upon it after your own admission. Mr. Allday: I particularly wished my witnesses to be called, but I was not allowed to call them. Mr. Webster: I am quite willing to leave the case upon the reports of the two reporters^ present. They are two very correct reporters. I have never known them, on any occa- sion, give unfair reports of our proceedings, and I am quite willing to stand upon their account. As I have said, I never knew them set down any thing in an unjust or unfair manner. Mr. Allday: That is a very high compliment to the re- porters, but on the occasion iii question there was only one present, and the other copied from him. The account was not correct. I want to have the lady examined now, be- cause it is only justice that I should have an opportunity of correcting the erroneous impression made upon the public respecting my conduct, by the false statements of Mr. Nicklin. I had three witnesses ready on the last day to be examined, who could have proved the real facts of the case, but they could not be heard, and it is unfair. Mr. Webster: It is not in our power to reverse our de- cision. You can indict the party for perjury. Mr. Allday: That may be; but I consider the examina- tion of my witnesses now will be of service to my character, as they will show that Mr. Nicklin stated what was not correct. I have one witness who will completely deny all Mr. Nicklin swore. The witness he called swore that I used very violent and threatening language, and talked of future violence. The witness I have here will clearly prove I did not use any such language— that I did not speak to him. Mr. Webster: You will recollect that the decision took place upon what was done, not upon what was said. Mr. Allday: Yes; because witnesses were not heard who could have proved great provocation. I do think, in order to disabuse the public mind, that my witnesses ought now to be heard. Mr. Webster: I think a very fair report was given of the case. Indeed, I do not think one word was omitted. All that took place was reported. Mr. Allday : I understand Mr. Nicklin has extensive business dealings with you. I understand he pays you 1000/. a year. Mr. Webster: He has business transactions with me, but not to that amount. Mr. Allday: Then I say it is indispensably necessary that justice, to be respected, must be above suspicion. I consider that the presiding magistrate ought always to be above the reach uf suspicion. ( Mr. Allday quoted an extract Irom " Junius" in corroboration of this doctrine. ) Mr. Webster: I can very freely lorgive all you say upon that subject. Had you examined witnesses on the dayyots speak of, they must have spoken to the assault. They could not have disproved it. Mr. Allday: You assume that to be impossible in the absence of my witnesses. Iam sure, if you had examined my witnesses, you would have reduced the fine you inflicted upon me. Mr. Webster: I never felt more confident of the pro- priety of any decision. Mi. Allduy: What interest can this lady, who is ready to be examined, have in speaking an untruth. She is a stranger to me, and a neighbour of Mr. Nicklin's. I do submit that she ought to be examined. Her evideuce is essential to the ends of justice. Mr. Webster: I cannot see my way sufficiently clear to re- open the case. I would be quite willing to do anything that is just towards you. Mr. Allday: If I get a letter from Lord John Russell requesting the case to be re- opened again before two other magistrates, will you have any objection, or be displeased. Mr. Webster: Certainly not. I shall he very much pleased if you can get it re- heard, and the decision altered. The conversation then closed, and Mr. Allday left the office. PRIVATE ROOM. At half- past two o'clock J. Webster, Francis Lloyd. Joshua Scholefield, William Blakeway, and William Beale, Esqrs., met for the purpose of investigating the cause of the escape c f the prisoners charged with passing bad money. The doors were opened to the public, and reporters, and all who chose to enter, were admitted. Mr. Sucklin, solicitor, attended on the part of Browne)! the prison keeper, and said he wished to know at whose suggestion the charge was brought against Mr. Brownell? Mr. Gem said it was by desire of Her Majesty's mint. They were desirous of knowing the circumstances under which the prisoners had escaped. Mr. Suckling said he was there prepared to answer any charges that might be brought against Mr. Brownell. He was ready to go through any examination that might be necessary. Mr. Gem said, certain parties were in custody, and they were not forthcoming, and the question they had to enquire into was, liowdid they escape? James Jones was then sworn, and deposed as follows: — I am night constable of Deritend ami Bordesley. I am appointed by the commissioners of Deritend and Bordesley. On the night of the 25th of July I apprehended three men on suspicion of passing bad money. I took two of them to Mr. Brownell's house the same night about twelve o'clock. Miss Biownell let me in, and I locked- up the prisoners in a cell. The following morning ( Thursday) as I was coming to this office I saw the prisoners in the custody of Felton and his son. Thsy were on their road to the office. Neither Brownell nor his son was with them. When I got to the gate of this office I took charge of one of the prisoners, named John Smith, and I delivered him to Mr. Itedfern, and left the other prisoners, named John Bate and Samuel Wilrord, in the custody of Felton and his son. Smith was charged last week before the magistrates. The other two were not brought before the magistrates that day. They were remanded on an application made by Mr. Gem. After the prisoners were remanded I saw Mr. Brownell in Mr. Gem's office, and heard Mr. Gem say to him—" The two men are remanded, and you' had better keep them apart, as it is likely Smith will give important information." Brownell said, " Yes, I can do it, but they have no business there. They may eat their headB off." In a short time after I saw Broivnell again in in company with Felton, and we asked him if we should take back the prisoners. He refused. Felton and I then left, and were going away, and Felton said he would go and have his dinner. I said I would stop until the business was over, and I returned into the office. My reason was, because 1 was apprehensive lest Brownell should get the prisoners discharged. I went again to him, and asked him if he would let me take back the prisoners; and he fl— d the prisoners, and said I had no business with them. I went again and again to him, and asked him if he would let me take them home, but he still refused, and d— d and b— d my eyes, and said I had no business with tliem, and I should have no case. I then went away. In the evening Felton called at my house between five and six o'clock, and left word that 1 must come up to him, as he had business with me. I went up at half- past eight o'clock, and he told me the two prisoners were gone. I never saw them Bince. Mr. Webster: Where is the list of prisoners for that day ? Brownell: It is not here. It is at home, but the word " remanded" stands on the list opposite the names of the prisoners. Mr. Webster, the magistrate, then considered the pri- soners in his custody, to ue forthcoming when wanted. Jones, cross- examined by Mr. Suckling: You hare said that you told Felton that you would return, and see what had become of the prisoners. Now, I put it to you if Fel- ton did not request you to return. I ask you, was it not at his suggestion that you returned, Jones: The suggestion was entirely my own. Mr. Suckling Were you out of employment before you were appointed to the office you hold. Jones: YTes. Mr. Webster: The question is, what has Browned to say respecting the prisoners. Mr. Suckling: This man has imputed language to Brownell which I do not think he used; and I want to show that Mr. Brownell's testimony is deserving of as much credit as Jones's. Mr. Blakeway, the magistrate, said, they were not met to inquire into the character of Jones. They might as well go into the character of the commissioners who appointed him. Jones cross- exnmined by Mr. Suckling: I was an insol- vent in the year 1825. I took the benefit of the Insolvent act. I was remanded by the court for six months from the time of filing my petition. I think Mr. Suckling is the last man who ought to tell me about that affair, after the unjust treatment I received from him. Mr. Webb, solicitor: Were you his attorney on that occasion ? Mr. Suckling: I was not. I opposed him, and he was remanded. William Felton, senior, examined— I am son- in- law to Mr. Brownell. I live next door to the prison in Deritend. I have occasionally assisted Brownell for many years past, to convey the prisoners to Moor- street. I get nothing for my services; they are quite gratuitous. Brownell has not any assistant constable allowed him by the commissioners. I have heard Jones's evidence respecting the prisoners being brought here, and it is all correct. When I got the pri- soners into the office I asked Thornton, the officer, to allow me his key of the dock, and I took the prisoners to the bottom of the subterraneous passage, and left them there. I apprised Brownell that the prisoners were brought up. Brownell was most of the dayengaged in the large room and the private room, attending upon the magistrates. I told Jones he had better go and look after the prisoners when I was going away. I swear the suggestion respecting his turning back to look after the prisoners came from me. In the evening Brownell caine into my house, and asked me where the prisoners were. He said, I ought not to have come away without them. I then came up to the prison, and it was ascertained that the prisoners were missing. I bad several times left prisoners in the same place, and gone away, and returned for them. The prisoners were dressed very shabby, and not in appearance like persons who could bribe any one to let them go away. Cross- examined by Jones: Why, in this particular case, did you ask me to go back and look after the prisoners, when you knew it was not my business— when you knew I had no call to them, nor could not take them whilst in Brownell's custody? Felton: I did so, because of securing the prisoners. Jones: It was I who proposed going back, in conse- quence of the improper answers I received from Brown. II, and because he had several times before tried to defeat me in my cases. Mr. Beale, magistrate: Were you done witli the prisoners when they were remanded ? Jones: Yes, entirely. 1 had no right to touch them, unless permitted by Brownell. I was apprehensive some- thing would be wrong, because Brownell has always taken every means to defeat me. Mr. George Redfern was then examined, and deposed that he had never known any prisonous escape during Mr. BrovvneH' 8 time of being prisoner- keeper, nor during the time that himself, or Mr. Payne, or Mr. Atkins were the keepers. Mr. Webster[ said, it appeared to'him that Brownell was the person who could best account for the prisoners. Mr. Suckling said, he admitted, from some unforeseen circumstances, the prisoners had escaped from the dock when in the care of his client. He knew nothing what- ever of them. He was willing to make every possible effort, at ins own expense, to re- capture them, and he was certain that such an occurrence would not take place again. The magistrates retired for a short time, and on their return, Mr. Webster said, there appeared to him a gross derelic- tion of duty on the part of Brownell, in allowing the pri- soners to escape. Whether it was from wilful neglect or inadvertance they could not say, but there had been a gross dereliction of duty. They regretted being obliged to make this remark upon an officer so long in the service. THURSDAY, ACJG. 23. ( Before R. Spooner and D. Ledsam, Esqs.) FURIOUS DRIVING A man named Adams was charged with furious driving.— Harrison, the street- keeper, stated, that on Saturday he was on duty on Snow- hill, when he saw the defendant driving a car, at the rate of from eight to nine miles an hour. A poor man named Humphrey Low was crossing the street at the time, and Adams drove the cart against him, and knocked him down. The cart passed over the man's body, and he was so severely injured that he was conveyed to the hospital, wlieie he still se- mained Adams, in his defence, said, it was purely acci- dental. The man injured was a cripple, and could not get out of the way, although he called out to him several times Harrison said, he knew Adams was in the habit of driving furiously, and he had been repeatedly cautioned against it. The practice of furious driving was becoming general. Three persons had been run over in the town since Saturday, and were then in the hospital. One of them it was expected could not recover. The magistrate said, an example must be made of persons who thus put the lives of the public in jeopardy. The father of Adams addressed the magistrate in extenu- ation. He said his son had been twelve months out of work, and if he fined him heavily, he could not pay it. Mr. Ledsam said, in consideration of his situation, he should reduce the fine to forty shillings, including costs. He had subjected himself to a fine of five pounds, or twelve months' imprisonment. Several other reasons were fined in various penalties for violations of the street act. SUMMONSES EOR POOR RATES— Several persons appeared on summonses to show cause why they refused to pay poor rates due to the parish officers of Birmingham. Mr. Josiah Pumphrey, one of the persons summoned, objected to the payment of the rate, on the ground of its illegality. He had been rated for his steam engine three times more than he ought to have been, and that was one reason why he refused to pay. Mr. Spooner said the magistrates had no power to alter his rate. A special sessions, of which due notice had been given, had been held for the purpose of hearing appeals against the rate, and that was the time when Mr. Pum- phrey ought to have complained. Mr. Pumphrey said he had no knowledge whatever of the sessions mentioned by the magistrate, but he supposed that could be proved. He was perfectly willing to pay accord- ing to his former assessment, but he could not think of pay- ing such an enormous charge as hud been made against him. There was another objection which he had to the rate. It had been quashed at Warwick sessions, and he did not think it could or ought to be enforced. Mr. Bynner said, although the rate was quashed, the ma- gistrates had the power to enforce the payment of it. Mr. Spooner said, he was not quite sure of that. He had not had his attention called to the case before, and he could not say particularly if such was the fact. Mr. Ledsam, the magistrate, said, he had been charged very high, but lie had been obliged to pay. Mr. Pumphrey said, it did not follow that because the worthy magistrate had submitted to such a charge, that others were to do so. Mr. Spurrier said, he ceiteinly ( lid not think that the wardens could enforce payment of the rate which had been quashed. Mr. Edmonds said, all the rates had been quashed for many years past. There had been constant appeals against the rates, and successfully prosecuted. Mr. Bynner handed in the act of Geo. III. by which it is enacted, that the magistrates are empowered to enforce the payment of a rate, although it had been quashed, on condi- tion that the money paid over a fair and equal rate should be deducted from the next equitable rate. Mr. Spooner said, he had not had his attention called to the act before, but it appeared very evident that they mu « t enforce the rale. The object of the legislature was to pro- vide against any inconvenience that might arise to the poor from the quashing of a rate. Mr. Pumphrey wished to know if any of the three great companies of the town had paid any money? Mr. Spooner said, he did not know, nor did it appear ma- terial to the present inquiry. They must make an order for the payment, and the over charge would be deducted from Mr. Pump/ irey's next rate. Mr. Pumphiey said, be would, therefore, pay the collec- tor on account, and take a receipt accordingly. All the other parties were equally ordered to pay. THE DISCHARGED WORKMAN.— Mr. Edmonds, said he wanted . to make an application to the magistrates on the part of Mr. Salt Mr. Spooner having assented— Mr. Edmonds proceeded. He said, a person of the name of Harrison, who had been in the employment of Messrs. Mapplebeck and Lowe. He was not a hired servant, but worked from week to week, upon piece- work in the manu- factory. He had, on the morning of the 6 th of August, a week's work given out to him, upon which he began to work. As the magistrates were aware, the fact of taking out work was a contract, for the violation of which the workman would be liable to punishment. The man, in this case, happened, in the discharge of what he thought a political duty, to go to this great meeting on the 6th instant. On the following day, Mapplebeck and Lowe, not liking these great meetings, discharged him from their employment. Under these circumstances he applied, on the pait of Har- rison, for a summons to compel his masters to show cause why they turned him away. One of two things they were bound to do. They were bound to pay him for his work, unfinished as is was, or they were bound to allow him to finish it. If Harrison had not finished the work, he could have been sent to the House of Correction, and he ( Mr. E.) thought the law which was good for the goose ought to be good for the gander. Mr. Spooner: Suppose the masters attend and say, that they gave him out work which they wanted in a great hurry, and that, by his neglect, they were either inconvenienced or sustained a loss, I rather think, in the event of that being proved, your client will have to pay the expenses. Mr. Ledsam said, the parties had applied to him before for a summons, and he found that the man had been em- ployed by the week. Mr. T. C. Salt: That was another man. The name of that man was Clark. Mr. Ledsam: The man told me that he had absented himself on Monday, and his matter told him on Tuesday he had no further use for him. Mr. Spooner ssid, the present case stood thus. Work had been delivered out to a working man upon the master's premises. The man absented himself one day, and when he returned, he was not allowed to finish it. Mr. Gem was of opinion, that if the man absented him- self he must take the consequences. Mr. Edmonds suid he could show that the practice of the manufactory was not to treat men in the manner Harrison had been treated. Mr. Spooner: Would not a man he bound to finish his work so taken out ? Mr. Gem: Yes. Mr. Spooner : Then I think it is not unreasonable to issue a summons to show cause why he was deprived of his work. Mr. Gem thought the law went to say, that if the master delivered outwork, and the man could be proved to neglect it, the master could discharge him. Mr. Spooner: We must take the proposition and its converse. If it is binding upon the man to finish work, It must also be binding upon the master to allow him to finish it. Mr. Edmonds: If the man lost time he could pull it up by over hours, so that the master might not be a loser. Mr. Spooner: I think there is sufficient ground for issu- ing a summons to show cause. Summons granted ; to be heard on Monday. Henry Jones was committed for stealing sixteen and a half pounds of brass, the property of his employers, Messrs, Pemberton, Brinton, and Co. PICKING POCKETS— Peter Yates, a young man, Matilda West, and Eliza Prince, were charged with robbing Mrs. Ann Fulford, of between six and seven shillings. Mrs. Fulford stated, that she lived in Hut- street. On Monday night, a little after eleven o'clock, she was going home through Congreve- street, when she heard some per- sons behind her. It was rather dark and lonesome, and she got uneasy, and quickened her pace. She did not look behind her, nor did she feel any person near her. When she had got a short distance from the spot wheie 6he first heard the persons behind her, a young man came up to her and asked her if she had been robbed. She then put her hand into her pocket and found she had lost six or seven shillings. Joseph Rock, a young lad, and son of Rock, the night constable, stated, that on Monday night he followed the prisoners out of the theatre into the street, and perceiving them go after Mrs. Fulford, who was passing at the time, he walked after them up into Congreve- street. When there, he saw the prisoner Yates walk up gently to Mrs. Fulford, followed by the two women. One of the women opened Mrs. Fulford's clothes, whilst Yates robbed her, and to screen both from his view, the other female prisoner extended the sides of her own gown. He saw Yates show some silver to the women under the lamp. He then ob- tained the assistance of the watchman in New- street, and took the garig into custody, when there was money found upon Yates, coriesponding in amount to what Mrs. Ful- ford had lost. Mr. George Redfern said, it was very probable the pri- soners were the parties who had lately robbed Mrs. Pare, in Broad- street. Mr. Pare was sent for, and on coming into the office he could not identify the prisoners. They were committed for robbing Mrs. Fulford under the above circumstances, which appeared almost incredible, were it not that similar robberies have lately been effected with the same extraor- dinary dexterity. Thomas Cordell, the young lad who was lately charged with the murder of Charlotte Jones, and acquitted by a coroner's jury, was placed in the dock. Mr. Edmonds attended on the part of the deceased to prefer a charge of assault against him. He said, although the prisoner had been acquitted by the coroner's jury, it was competent for the magistrates to entertain a charge of assault. Mr. Spooner said such was the case. Mr. Edmonds then called Sarah Dean, who deposed that on last Monday fortnight she was in Lower Tower- street; when near Mrs. Rushton's house, she saw the prisoner come towards the deceased, and strike her a blow on the left side of her neck. She reeled back two or three steps and fell upon her lace upon Mrs. Rusliton's steps. She picked up the deceased, and she appeared quite lifeless, and she be- lieved she died at that time. Mr. Spooner: You say you believe she died at that time? Witness: I believe so. They got a chair and put her into it to take her to the Hospital, and she fell out upon her face. I went to the Hospital with her. The doctor did not then say whether she was dead or not. She never came to herself after the blow. I believe she was dead when she was picked up. I remained with her an hour und a half, until the doctor said she was dead, and she was removed into the dead- room. Mr. Spooner: Why did you say, you believed she was dead, when she was first picked up ? Witness: Because she appeared to have no life in her, and she was so stiff they could not bend her to put her into the chair. The chair in which she was carried was not so high as the table now before me. Sophia Rooke examined : She saw the prisoner cross over the gutter and strike the deceased on the neck. He said, " take that, you know what it is for." She never spoke after she got the blow. The prisoner walked away, and she ( the witness) took up a brick, and said she would hit him with it, upon which the prisoner said he would serve her the same way. Mr. Hunter said he knew the deceased. On the day of her death he saw the prisoner standing amongst ten or twelve youths in Tower street. The deceased came up at the time, and some of the prisoner's companions said some- thing to him, apparently as if pointing out the girl. He presently left them, and went up to her, and struck her on the neck, and she fell instantly. Mr. Spooner: What charge do you intend to prefer, Mr. Edmonds? Mr. Edmonds, we understood, said for the assault. Mr. Spooner said it was one of a very aggravated nature, and unless the prisoner could account for it, he shou'd send him to the sessions. The prisoner said the deceased was in the habit of insult- ing him in an indecent manner. Mr. Spooner said it was no justification, and he ordered him to enter into sureties to take his trial for the offence. The prisoner was locked up to afford him time to procure the required bail. Two prostitutes, named Smith and Godson, were com- mitted for disorderly conduct in New- street. It appeared that the prisoners; two interesting looking yourig gir! s, stripped themselves almost to a state of nudity one evening during the week, and fought in a most disgraceful and determined manner, until taken by the officers. ROBERT TAYLOR, ALIAS LORD KENNEDY This persoa was placed in the dock to answer the complaint of his wile. The young woman, on being sworn, stated, that she was m danger of her life. The prisoner had beat her, and threatened to blow her brains out. On the day before he threatened to stab her. He carried powder and pistols about him, and she had reason to fear he would do her bodily harm. Mr. Edmonds, on the part of the prisoner: What induces you to complain against him ? Mrs. Taylor: He has no place to take me to, nor has he any means of providing for me. Mr. Redfern : What did lie do to you which caused your mother to come to me yesterday? Mrs. Taylor: He beat me this week, and I have not lived with him since. Mr. Taylor, constable : I am sure he is a very great im- postor. Mrs. Taylor: He took me to Sheffield, and he got fur- niture to furnish a house, and then left me and came to Bir- mingham, and gave out that I robbed him. I gave back the goods to the people who owned them. TUe prisoner, when called upon for hisdefence. saidheUid not ill- used her, but she refused to live with him. He pro- ceeded, in an incoherentand unintelligible strain, to describe the cause of difference between himself and his wife, and from his manner appeared to be under the influence of drink or derangement. Mr. Spoouer said, from his conduct it was pretty evident had good reason to apprehend danger, and ordered him t ® find two sureties of 20/. each to keep the peace. He said he could not find them then, and lie was allowed until Mon- day for that puipose. Richard Evans was charged with a murderous assault upon a man named Edward Mantle. The prosecutor, who is a powerful man, appeared with htc arm in a sling and much emaciated. Mr. Powell attended for him, and Mr. Edmonds for the prisoner. The prosecutor, on being sworn, stated, that the prisonet was a labourer, and kept a cottage in Edgbastou. Mantle lodged with him. On Saturday night, the 28th of July, he left home for a short time, and returned and went to bed about eleven o'clock. He fell asleep, but was soon awoke by the prisoner striking him on the head with a large club of wood. He put up his hand to save himself and his arm was fractured in a dreadful manner. The pri- soner charged him with improper conduct towards his wife, which he denied. The prisoner then went away, leaving him bleeding from his wounds in a frightful manner. In a few minutes he returned to the bed room, having in his hand a carving knife and steel. He made his wife hold the candle, and he said he would butcher him. Believing the prisonet meant to kill him, he lay motionless on the bed, kept from breathing, and affected to be dead. From the quantity o£ blood in the bed, and his appearance, the prisoner thought he was dead, and he went away, saying, " D n him, I liave done for him." Mr. Edmonds, in defence, proposed cross- examining the prosecutor, respecting some alleged impropriety between him and the prisoner's wife. To this Mr. Powell objected. Mr. Spooner said, he could not admit of such a defence. Admitting it was true that the prosecutor had acted im- properly, that would not justify BUCII an assault. The prosecutor denied, in the most solemn manner, the accusation, and said, drink and unfounded jealousy caused the prisoner to act as he had done. The prisoner was com- mitted to the assizes. ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS. THE SEWERS. SIR,— Having been some years awaj' from Birming- ham, of which place I am a native, and having- lately returned to reside here, I have been much struck witk the bad condition of some of the sewers, which, iii many of the back courts and narrow streets, are so stopped up that great quantities of filth may, in a great many places, he seen close against the doors of some of the poor inhabitants, and which must, I am sure, tend to the injury of all who are so situate. There does not appear to be a proper fall to carry oS the nuisance, as may be observed by the condition of Deritend- brook, and the large stagnant pool at the end of Floodgate- street. If you have time and opportunity to turn your attention to this subject, and to give a little promi- nence to it in your valuable paper, I am sure some- thing will be done, which must be a benefit to the town, and particularly the poor. Yours, & c., A READER. BIRMINGHAM SAVINGS'BANK Monthly Report.— Amount RECEIVES from the 20th of July to the 20th of August, in 841 deposits £ 4,371 Ss. lid. Amount repaid from ditto to ditto, in 221 suore £ 2,546 16a. 3d. Amount invested in the Bank of Englaafi, £ 128,592 19s. 5d. New accounts opened this mouth, 162. Number of accounts now open, 7,163. GENERAL HOSPITAL, AUGUST 24.— Physician and Surgeon of the Patients of the week, Dr. Eccies and Mr. Hodgson. ViBitore. D. Ledsam, Esq., and Mr. C. Shaw. In- patients admitted, 32j out, 91. Iu. patlents discharged, 44; out, 89. Remaining in the house, 155. BIRMINGHAM DISPENSARY, AUGUST 24.— Sick patients relieved, 253; midwifery cases, J2. STATE OF THE WORKHOUSE UP TO AUGUST 21. Wo- INFANTS. Men. men. Boys. Girls. Male. Fern. Total. 187 188 7 20 19 15 at, Admitted since .... 9 11 4 1 Bom in the House 1 196 199 11 21 21 15 Dischgd, absconded, 12 1 184 192 11 20 21 14 UP Numberof Cas 2,833 aes * Of whom 1 man and 1 woman died. MARRIAGES. On Tuesday, the 21st inst., at Edgbaston, by the Rev. H. Pixell, Mr. W. B. Mapplebeck, of this town, to Mar- tha, eldest daughter of the late Mr. Thomas Harrison, of Edgbaston, and niece of Mr. John Edwards, of Metchley Park. On Wednesday, the 22nd inst., at the New Meeting House, Mr. Frederick RyJand, of this town, to Ellen, youngest daughter of Thomas Clark, Esq., of Lady Wood, Edgbaston. On Tuesday, the 21st inst., at Barton- under- Needwood, Mr. Samuel'Harley, grocer, of Pershore- street, in this town, to Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Mr. William Gray, of the former place. On Saturday, the 18th instant, at St. Martin's, by the Rev. J. G. Breay, Mr. Charles Iliff, to Miss Sarah Davis, botii of this town. On Tuesday last, at Edgbaston, Mr. Samuel C. M. Bradley, of Coventry, to Charlotte Alice, eldest daughter of the late Mr. John Vaughan, of Frederick- street, Edg- baston. On Tuesday, the 7th inst., at Hales Owen church, Mr. John Stokes, of the Blades, to Miss Mary Jane Piggott, eldest daughter of Mr. John Piggott, of the same place. On Sunday, the 12th inst., at Dudley church, Mr. Tho- mas Cartwright, of Oldbury, to Miss Hannah Baker, eldest daughter of Mr. Samuel Baker, of the same place. On the loth instant, at Malvern, by the Rev. Dr. Card, Captain Brazier, R. F., to Catharine, only daughter of the late John Marshall, Esq., of Bradney, in the county oC Salop. DEATHS On Monday, the 13th inst., at his father's house, Soho Foundry, Hollins Henry Hunt, in his 21st year. On Thursday last, after a long and painful illness, much regretted, Sarah, wife of Mr. Henry Hughes, Bristol- road, Birmingham. On the 18th inst., James Mason Dowler, eldest son ot Mr. Samuel Dowler, of Windsor- street, Aston, aged 14 years ; a youth whose amiable manners endeared him to alt who knew him. Lately, at Worcester, in her' 83rd year, Mrs. Briscoe, relict of the late Mr. Briscoe, ot Helmly Lovell, Worces- tershire. On Sunday, the 19th instant, aged twelve months, Frede- rick William, infant son of Mr. William Corah, of Lee Crescent, Edgbaston. On Wednesday last, Mr. T. Henshall, of the Earl Grey, Pershore- road. On the 15th inst., in London, very suddenly, Mr?. Re- becca Martin Marshall, much respected, sister of Mr. Jame « Bird, of Warwick. On the 12th instant, at the house of her daughter, in Aslited- row, after a very short illness, highly respected, Mrs. Pugli, widow, formerly of Shrewsbury. On the 10th instant, ased 63, Mr. Joseph Hope, butche* and grazier, of Ombersley. On Tuesday last, at J- eur church, Asliby, J. L. Findley, Esq., of Padnal Hale, Essex, to Mis, Bray, of Asftby Ledge, Leiceste, shire. y 8 THE BIRMINGHAM JOURNAL, AUGUST 18. 25 LONDON GAZETTES. FRIDAY, AUGUST 17. BANKRUPTCY ANNULLED. W. REYNOLDS, jun., Savage. gardens, wine merchant. BANKRUPTS. ITU Bankrupts to surrender at the Court of Commissioners, Basing hall- street, when not otherwise expressed. J THOMAS MAYO, Twickenham, victualler, August 24 and Sep. tember 2 ', at the Bankrupts' Court. Sols. Messrs. Pain and Hatlierly, Great Marlborough- street. Pet. Cr. Richard Annesley Sparkes, North End, Fulliam, Esq. Seal. August 14. MARY REBECCA ISAACS and BENJAMIN SAMO, Strand, dia- mond merchants, August 31 and September 28, at the Bankrupts' Court. Sols. Messrs. Koarsey, Hughes, and Thomas, Leadenhall. street. Pet. Cr. Lewis Joseph Posno, Finsbury. circus, and Joseph Michael Posno and Jacob Joseph Posno, his partners, as diamond merchants at Amsterdam. Seal. August 1,1. JOHN ATKINSON, Kin" William- street, tarpaulin manufacturer, August 30 aud September 28, at the Bankrupts' Court Sol. Mr4 Bankart, Clement's- lane, Lombard- street. Pet. Cr. William Still Wilson, Salisbury, one of the partners of the Wilts and Dorset Banking Company. Seal. August 7. WILLIAM BARRETT jun , Abidgdon, Berkshire, grocer, August 24 and September 28 ' at the Golden Cross Inn, Oxford Sols. Messrs. Hindmarsh and Son, Crescent, Jewin- street, Cnpplegate. Pet. Cr. William Charles Short and Edward Edwards, Abchurch. lane, London, wholesale tea dealers. Seal. August 10. RUSHTON WALKER, Bristol, sculptor, August 24 and September 28, at the Commercial. rooms, Bristol. Sols. Messrs. Clarke and Medcalf, Lincoln's- inn. fields. Pel. Cr. John Wilmot Lancaster, Bristol, gent. Seal. August 10. . . „ , JAMES WOOD COOK Dover, woollen draper, August 25 and September 28, at the Bell Hotel, Sandwich. Sols. Messrs. Dods and LlnWater, Northumberland- street, Strand. Pet. Cr. William Byers and Sarah Taylor Watson, Bow. strcet, Covent- garden, Middlesex, Manchester warehousemen. Seal. July 28. BARNET WALKER, Sheffield, journeyman cabinet maker, August 27 and September 28, at the Town. hall, Sheffield. Sol. Mr. Preston, Tokenhouse- yard. Pet. Cr. George Ogden Brown, Sheffield, merchant, Francis Graves, Hull, gent., George Herbert, - Leeds, paper stainer, and William Walker, Sheffield, publican. Seal. August 10. DIVIDENDS. T. ANDREW, Moor. street, Solio, licensed victualler, Sept. 10. J. WILLIAMS, Stepney, victualler, September 10. D. BRITTEN, jnu., Basinghall. street, calenderer, September 10. R. BROOMFIELD, St. John- street. road, Clerkenwell, tailor, Sep. tember 8. J; and A. EMMETT, Old Kent. road, market gardeners, Sept. 8. J. RUDGE, Corn- exchange, Mark. lane, and Harder's- road, Peck. ham, merchant, September 8. H. HAYES, Stamford, Lincolnshire, wheelwright, September 11. H. WIDNELL, Kidderminster, carpet manufacturer, Sept. 15. G. WILSON, Darlington, Durham, mercer, September 13. C. H. METIVIER, Wotton. uuder. Edge, Gloucestershire, cloth factor, September 17. T. HIND and C. CLAYTON, Nottingham, lace manufacturers, September 14. W. GRAVENOR, Hatfield, Yorkshire, farmer, September 4. A. BELL, Newcastle- upon- Tyne, merchant, September 14. CERTIFICATES, SEPTEMBER 7. J. Chadwick, Oldham, Lancashire, cotton spinner— J. Hall, Burs- em, Staffordshire, earthenware manufacturer— W. Wonfor, Ches- terton, Cambridgeshire, innkeeper— W. Morgan, Cheltenham, builder— P. and J. C. Rose, Bristol, booksellers— T. Corbet, West Ham, Essex, nurseryman— J. Cunningham, Newport, Monmouth, shire, builder. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. Longridge and Co., Taff- vale iron works, Glamorganshire— P. and W. Fawkner, Kidderminster, omnibus carriers— Sergeant, Edgell, and Besaer, Trowbridge, Wiltshire, wine merchants— Scott aud Son, Christian. street, St. George's. in. tlie- East, carmen— Duvergier, Man. ning, and Co., Great Snffolk. street, Southwark, paper stainers— T. Savage and Sons, Wolverhampton, Staffordshire, hardware mer- chants ( so far as regards T. Savage, jun.) — W. and F. Knight, To- kenhouse. yard, Lothbury, stockbrokers— J. Chrisp and R. Tumor, Water. laue, Tower- street, wine brokers— J. S. Wliitaker and W. Day, Shoreditch, surgeons— T. Williamson and R. Armstrong, Pen. dleton, Lancashire, dyers— H. and H. Dunn, Saffron Walden, Essex, auctioneers— W. and G. Comer, Nantwich, Cheshire, ironmongers- Ash and Morris, Birmingham, furnishing ironmongers— H. Sim. monda and W. Masters, Maidstone and Southwark, merchants— W. and W. Earle and J. and J. W. Carter, Liverpool, corn merchants ( so far as regards J. W. Carter)— Mason and Richardson, Barnsley, Yorkshire, linen manufacturers— Leach and Ross, Queen's. row, Hoxton Old- town, pawnbrokers— W. M'Clellan and R. Parkinson, Preston, Lancashire, grocers— Kingston and Smith, Reading, Berk, shire, curriers— Watts and Hall, University street, St. Pancras, and Alfred- street, Bloomsbury, carpenters - Blaekleraud Co., Plymouth, linen drapers— J. Smith and Co., Heywood, Lancashire, power loom makers— W. and H. Brackwood, Glasgow, silk mercers. PRICE OF SEEDS, JULY 30.— Per Cwt Red Clover . English, 50s to 65s ; fine, 70s to 80s; Foreign, 48s to 60s; fine, 65s to 70s— White Clover, 50s to 60s ; fine, 63s to 70s.— Trefoil, new, 18s to 20s fine, 21s to 22s; old, 12s to20s.— Trefolium, 10s to 12s; fine, 13s to 14a.— Caraway, English, new, 40s to 46s; Foreign, 0s to 0s— Coriander, 10s Od to 12s Od. Per Quarter.— St. Foin, 40s to 44s ; fine, 46s to48s ; Rye Grasp, 28s to 30s ; new, 30s to 34s ; Pacey Grass, Os toOs; Linseed for feeding, 46s to 50s; fine, 50s to 56s ; ditto for crushing, 42s to is.— Canary, 66s to 70s Hemp, 38s to 42s. Per Bushel.— White Mustard Seed, 7s Od to9s0d; brown ditto, 8sOd to 12s; Tares, 4s 6d to 5s Od ; line uew, Spring, 0s Od toOs Od ; Per Last Rape Seed, English, 36( to40/; Foreign, 32( to34(. TUESDAY, AUGUST 21. DECLARATION OF INSOLVENCY. AUGUST 20.— WILLIAM HARRIS STUCLEY, Abergavenny, Monmouthshire, bookseller. BANKRUPTS. THOMAS DRIVER and JOHN MOORE, London, shipowners, August 28 and October 2, at the Bankrupts' Court. Sol. Mr. King, jun., Freeman's- court, Cornhill. Pet. Cr. Charles Morris King, 6, Great St. Helen's, merchant. Seal. August 10. JAMES WILLIAM BARRETT, jun., Abingdon, Berkshire, grocer, August 24 and October 2, at the Golden Cross Inn, Oxford, Sols. Messrs. Hindmarsh and Son, Crescent, Jewin- street, Cripple, gate. Pet. Cr. William Charles Short and Edward Edwards, Abchurch- lane, wholesale tea dealers. Seal. August 10. JAMES RODGERS, Chorlton. upon. Medlock, Lancashire, coach builder August 29 and October 2, at the Commi3sioners'- rooms, Manchester. Sol. Mr. Sharp, Staple. inn. Pet. Cr. William Rodgers, Belfast, civil engineer. Seal. July 23. MARGARET KEW, Torrisholme, Lancashire, victualler, Septem- ber 4 and October 2, at the Royal Oak Inn, Lancaster. Sols. Messrs. Makinson and Sanders, Elm. court, Temple. Pet. Cr. William Robinson aud Thomas Gudgeon Dodson, Lancaster, at- torneys. Seal. August 15. PERCIVAL BE AN TIME NT, Willington, Northumberland, builder, September 10 and October 2, at the Bankrupt Commission- room, Newcastle- upon- Tyne. Sol. Mr. Plumptre, Lamb- build, ings, Temple. Pet. Cr. Robert and William Hawthorn, Nevv- castle. upon. Tyne, engine manufacturers. Seal. August 4. JOSEPH HAIGH. Meltham, Yorkshire, dyer, September 13 and October 2, at the George Hotel, Huddersfield. Sols. Messrs. Battye, Fisher, and Sudlow, Chancery- lane. Pet. Cr. Samuel James James, Lime- street, dry Salter. Seal. July 25. DIVIDENDS. R. S. SKEY, Stratford- upon- Avon, Warwickshire, carrier, Sept. 12. W. STEPHENSON, Leeds, woollen draper, September 12. J. M AYBURY, Ben., Bilston, Staffordshire, iron plate manufacturer, September II. W. J. P. JACKSON, Kidderminster, Worcestershire, baker, Sep- tember 14. R. G. CLODE, Birmingham, wine merchant, September 18. T. BROWETT, Northampton, tin- plate worker, September 18. S. and G. HIBBERT, Draycott, Derbyshire, cotton doublers, Sep- tember 22. S. FLITCROFT and T. MUSGROVE, Liverpool, grate manufactu rers, September 17. G. N. HICKMAN, J. LINDOPP. and J. DAWSON, Birmingham, merchants, September 24. W. and H. WORTH, Totness, Devonshire, linen drapers, Oct. 16, CERTIFICATES, SEPTEMBER II. W. Pratt, jun., Leamington Priors, Warwickshire, grocer— W. Thorn, Shaftesbury, Dorsetshire, ironmonger— J. Stephenson, Shef- field furniture broker— W. Henderson, Westbromwich, Stafford, shire, ironmaster— C. Gapper, Bruton, Somersetshire, currier— H Widnell, Kidderminster, carpet manufacturer— J. Nail, Chorlton upon. Medlock, Lancashire, house painter— W. Sweet, Chancery, lane, carver— F. Baldey, Brighton, bookseller— J. S. Holdsworth, Lower Edmonton, com merchant. PARTNERSHIPS DISSOLVED. W. Lewis and T. Bosley, Exeter, hair- dresser3— J. Nicholls, jun. and T. H. Payne, Frome, Somersetshire, surgeons— R. Mealing and J. Spencer, York street, New. cut, Lambeth, coach builders— W Hulton and F. W. Winn, Long. lane, Smitlifield, saddlers— Mallalieu and Lees, Manchester, ironmongers— T. Howell and W. Knight. Brighton, builders— R. and W. Marshall, Tweedmouth, Durham tanners— Grimshaw and Hammond, Manchester, brewers— J. and S. Beale, Melcombe Regis, Dorsetshire, tailors— H. and T. Bramley and Co., Skireholme, Yorkshire, and elsewhere, cotton spinners— Townley and Mildenhall, Oxford. street, hair workers— Jones and Dawson, Liverpool, block makers— Jackson and Chesman, Sheffield. Burgeons— J. Coats aud H. Brockncr, St. John- street, Smithfield linen drapers— W. Spelmau and D. Dunnett, Earsham, Norfolk, dis tillers— Clemesha and Co., Burnley, Lancashire, grocers— Charters. Coates, and Gable, Belfast— It. Brown, jun., and Co , Brigus, New foundlsind— F. Tandy aud Co., Stourbridge, Worcestershire, iron, mongers— J. Hellewell aud Co. Salford, Lancashire, dyers— J. Hinks and Co., and G. Taylor and Co., Liverpool, painters— Evans and Rees, Liverpool, linen drapers— Cousins and Badnatyne, Maze- hill. Greenwich, boarding- school mistresses— Brown and Brewer, Great St. Helen's, Bisliopsgate. street, merchants— Redin and Gibbs, Rom ford, Essex, cliymists— Argoed Hall Colliery Company, Mold, Flint, shire— S., J., and G. Alcock, Burslem, Staffordshire, manufacturers of earthenware— S., J., J., and G. Alcock, Burslem, Staffordshire, bankers— G, Boyd and A. White, Milbank- street, paint manufactu- rers— P. Carter and S Sprod, Bristol, feather bed manufacturers— R. Fisher and T. J. Walker, Whistou, Yorkshire, farmers— Mellors, Russell, and Co., Bahia, and Russell, Mellors, and Co., Pernambuco ( so far as regards J. Mellor and J. Ryder)— J. Brown and J. Dyson, Bradford, waste dealers— Sanderson, Craig, and Co., Glasgow, en. gineers. SCOTCH SEQUESTRATION. John Orr, Kilmarnock, grocer. 00 — s.— Malt, 50s to 56s; fine, 5Ss to 60s Peas, Hog, 32s to 36s ; Maple, 36s to 38s; white, 36s to 40s ; Boilers, 42s to 44s.— Beans, small, 40s to 44s; old, — s to — s; Ticks, 36s to 38,; old, — s to — s; Harrow, 40s « to 42.— Oats, feed, 21s to 24s ; fine, 25 s to 27s; Poland, 24s to 26s; fine, 27s to 28s; Potatoe, 28s to 29i; line, 30sto32j.— Bran, per quarter, 7s0dto8s0d,— Pollard, fine, per ditto, 14s. 20s. GENERAL A VERAGEPRICEOFBRITISHCORNFORTIIE WEEK ENDING AUG. 17, 1838.— Wheat, 75s 7d; Barley, 34s 5d; Oats, 24s 2d; Rye, 39s 3d; Beans, 40s 4d ; Peas, 35, lid. DUTYON FOREIGN CORN FOR THE PRESENT WEEK— Wheat, 10s 8d Barley, I3s IOd J Oats, I2s 3d; Rye, 15s 6d ; Beans, 12s 6d; Peas 16s 9d. OILS Rape Oil, brown, £ 41 0s per ton; Refined, £ 43 Os; Linseed Oil, £ 2S 10s; and Rape Cake, £ 6 0s Linseed Oil Cake, £ 11 10s per thousand. HAY AN DSTRAW Smithfield.— Hay, 65s0d to 112s Od; Inferior, — s to — s ; Clover, 60s to 120s; Inferior — s to — B; Straw, 36s to 45s. Whitechapel.— Clover, 115s to 120s ; new, 80s to 95s; second cut, — sto— s; Hay, 100 to 110s; new ditto, 50s to 70s; Wheat Straw, 38s to 42s. Cumberland.— Fine Upland Meadow and Rye- grass Hay, 115a to 120s; inferior ditto, 100s to 105s ; superior Clover, 120s to 126s; Straw, 46s to 48s per load of 36 trusses. Portman Market Coarse heavy Lowland Hay,— sto — s; new Meadow Hay, 80sto90s; oldditto, 100sto 118s; usefulditto, — sto — s; New Cloverditto,— s to— 8; oldditto, 100s to 126s ; Wheat Straw, 40s to 48s per load of 36 trusses. SMITIIEIELD, AUG. 6.— TO sink the offal— per 81b.— Beef, 3s 4d to 4s 2d; Best Down and Polled Mutton, 3s lOd to 4s 6d; Veal 4s Od to 5s 2d; Pork, 4s 2d to 5s 6d ; Lamb, 4s 8d to 5s 6d. NEWGATEANDLEADENHALL.— By the Carcase.— Beef, 2s lOd to 3s 8d ; Mutton, 3s 4d to 4s Od ; Veal, 3s Od to 4s lOd ; Pork, 4s Od to 5s Od ; Lamb, 4s Od to 5s 4d. COUNTRY MARKETS, & c. BIRMINGHAM MARKET. Corn Market, Augusts. A good supply of Wheat to this day's market, and the weather having been showery there was more inclination to buy than for several days past, at a reduction of 3d. to 4d. per bushel. Nothing doiug in malting Barley; grinding samples more plentiful than of late, at a trifle less money. Oats more in demand, at the terms of last week. Beans and Peas fully maintain the rates of this day se'nnight. BEANS— perbag, 10 score gross' >. d. s. d. Old 0 0— 00 New 0 0 — 0 0 PEAS— perbag of 3 Bush. Imp. FOR BOILING. White 0 0 — 0 0 Grey 15 0 — 16 0 FOR GRINDING. per bag of 10 score 14 6 — 15 6 White 15 0 — 15 0 FLOUlt— persack of2S01bs. net. Fine 60 0 — 64 0 Seconds.... 57 0 — 58 6 WHEAT— per62ll/ s* s. d. s. d. White 9 4 - 10 0 Red 9 2 — 9 8 Irish 8 9 — 9 0 BARLEY— per Imp. Quarter. For Malting 31 6 — 38 6 For Grinding, perZWbs 34 6 — 54 6 MALT— per ImperialBushel. Old and new 0 0— 00 OATS— per 38 lbs. Old 21 0 — 21 0 New 0 0— 0 0 Irish 24 6 — 26 6 Thefollowingis the statement in Messrs. Sturge'sclrcular: — PRESENT PRICES OF GRAIN. Birmingham, Augusts, 1838. s. d, s. c WHEAT, English, White, per bushel of 621b., Old English, Red Old , Irish, White none Red . Old . Foreign, BARLEY, English, Malting, per Imp. Quarter Irish ........ Grinding, per Quarter of 3921bs, O ATS, English, White, per Imperial Quarter Welsh, Black and White, per3121bs. Irish,( weighing41 to421bs.) do. ( 37to39lbs.) ™ „ ™ do. Black do. BE ANS, English, Old, per bushel of 651bs. New Irish. Foreign PEAS, Boiling, per Imp. Quarter Grinding, per Quarter of 3921bs. FLOUR, English, Fine, per Sack of 2801bs. Seconds Gloucester, Augmt 18, 1838. s. d. s. d. 0 0 nominal 0 0 . nominal 0 0 . nominal 0 0 . nominal 0 0 WHEAT, English, White, per Imp. Bushel Old English, Red — Old Irish, White, per601bs~ Red , 01d„ Foreign . BARLEY, English, Malting, per Imp. Quarter 0 0 Irish 0 0 Grinding, per Quarter of 3921bs 30 0 OATS, English, White, per Imp. Quarter „ 24 0 Welsh, Black and White 22 0 Irish ( weighing 41 to421bs); per Qr. of3121bs. 24 0 ( 37 to 391bs.) Black, BEANS, English, Old, per Imp. Bushel New Irish Foreign PEAS, Boiling, per Imp. Quarter Grinding, per Quarter of 3921bs. FLOUR, English, Fine, per sack of 2801bs. Seconds Wheat Barley Oats „. Beans Peas m WORCESTER WEEKLY AVERAGE. Qrs. Bush. 2236 3 15 0 „ ™ . 100 0 „ ™ 221 0 35 2 s. d 85 I1J 32 0 25 0 41 3 39 10J GLOUCESTER WEEKLY AVERAGE. Qrs. Bush. Wheat Barley Oats Peas Beans . 451 , 126 . 1511 . 0 . 47 s. d. . 80 1 . 34 0 . 24 2 . 0 0 . 38 2 GLOUCESTER SHIP NEWS, From August 16 to August 23. IMPORTS; The Minerva, from Carmarthen, with barley and oats, consigned to Wait, James, aud Co Active, Wexford, 975 barrels of wheat and 20 barrels of barley, J. and C. Sturge— Aid, Bideford, Gopsil Brown— Berkeley, Barry, 33 tons of lime stone, Rawlings— Sapphire, Caernarvon, 55 tons of slates, Judd and Chandler, for Richard Graves— Squirrel, Caernarvon, 38 tons of slates, Thomas Davies— Ann, Barry, 18 tons of lime stone, H. Evans— Caroline, Barry, 14 tons of lime stone, Rawling3— Regulator, Barry, 30 tons of lirne stone, Rawlings— Pheasant, Port Madoc, 49 tons of slates, to order— Gelert, Port Madoc, 59 tons of slates, Judd and Chandler, for Richard Graves— Mary Aun, Bangor, 42 tons of slates, Wallis— Be- linda, Swansea, general cargo, Southan and Son— Emerald, Loudon, 515 quarters of wheat, Biddle— Victoria, London, 497 quarters of wheat, Biddle— Betsey, London, general cargo, Thomas Davies— Vintage, Oporto, 15 pipes of wine, Johnsons and Co.; wine, Jenkins and Woodhouse— Gustau, Kiel, 1440 barrels of wheat, J. and C. Sturge— William, Barry, 50 tons of lime stoue, Rawlings— Mosquito, Teignmouth, 81 tons of clay, Partridge and Co,— Venus, London, 73 logs of mahogany, 8 planks of mahogany, and 3 cases of veneers, J. M. Sliipton— John, Riga, 50 crown wainscot logs, 20 crown half- wainscot logs, 181 pieces of timber, 2315 white wood deals, and 628 white wood deal ends, John Forster— Helena, Wyburgli, 2064 red wood deals, 672 red wood battens, aud5 fathoms of 4^ feet latliwood, J. M. Shipton— Hannah, Port Madoc, 71 tons of slates, Gopsil Brown — Mary, Caernarvon, 130 tons of slates, George Bettiss. EXPORTS: The Elizabeth, for Cardiff, with 6J tons of sundries, from Southan and Son— Providence, Lydriey, Vining and Sons— Bunbury, Pillau, 200 tons of salt, Gopsil Brown— Jubilee, Mira- miclii, Price, Washbourne, and Price— Newport Trader, Newport, general cargo, Southan and Son— Venus, Newnham, Bettiss— Olga, Quebec, Price, Washbourne, aud Price— Sarah, Swansea, 27 tons of bricks, 10 tons of salt and sundries, Southan and Son— Thomas and Mary, Port Talbot, Southan and Son— Jupiter, Wyburgh, 400 tons of salt, Gopsil Brown— George Ramsey, London, 380 tons of salt, Gopsil Brown— Tredegar, Southampton, 51 tons of salt, 16 tons of soap, 10 tons of bricks, and 1 ton of clay, Soutlian and Son- Berkeley, Highbridge, 26 tons of salt and 3 tons of bricks, Southan and Son— Regulator, Lydney, Rawlings— Vernal, Newport, J. M. Shipton. Birmingham, Augusts), 1838. At Gloucester market on Saturday Wheat was 5s. to 6s. per quarter lower; at Worcester same day 6s. to 8s., and prices very much nominal. Scarcely anything doing in Barley or Oats. A good many Beans changed hands at Worcester, at a reduction of 6d. per 1961bs. No transactions reported in Peas. The weather having been very wet this week, holders will not comply with the rates offered by our millers, consequently scarcely anything has been done. Good Wheat would not bring more than 9s, 4d, per 621bs. No transactions reported in Barley. Retail parcels of Oats have been taken at last week's advanced currency. Beans and Peas in fair request, at fully as much money. At this day's market Wheat was 2s. to 3s. per quarter lower. Barley unaltered, with more offering. Beans saleable, at 16s. to 17s. per 1961bs. Peas in demand, but no good ones on the market. In Oats but little doing. IMPORTS INTO GLOUCESTER From the \ bth to the 22th inst. LONDON MARKETS. CORN EXCHANGE, MONDAY, AUG. 20.— Wheat, Essex Red, uew, 60s to G5s ; fine, 68s to 70s ; old, — 8 to — s; white, new, 65s to 70s; fine, 70a to 74s; superfine, 75s to 76s; old,— 8 to— s.— Rye, 36s to 38s,— Barley, 28a to 36s; old, 36s to 33s; superfine, — B Wheat. Oats. Barley. Beans. Qrs 3292Qrs Qrs Qrs Coastwise.. 1012Qrs Qra Qrs Qrs Foreign.... 720Qrs Qrs Qrs Qrs Peas. Flour. Bye. Vetches. Qrs Sacks Qrs Qrs Coastwise.. Qrs Sacks Qrs Qrs Foreign Qrs Sacks Qrs Qrs To Messrs. C.& A. Oldridge, 1, Wellington Street, Strand, London. Gentlemen,— About a year ago I found my hair rapidly falling off, I tried several tilings without effect, until I was recommended to use your BALM OF COLUMBIA, after using a few bottles I found my hair perfectly restored. I determined on trying it on my little girl, who had very little hair indeed, and it succeeded so well, that her hair is every where admired for its thickness : you are at liberty to give this what publicity you please. I am, gentlemen, yours, & c. Fr. EDEKiCA ANNE LOEN. Marine Hotel, Coives. OLDRIDGE'S BALM prevents the hair from turning grey, and the first application makes it curl beautifully, frees rtfrom scurf, and stops it from falling off. Abundance of cer- tiScates of the first respectability are shown by the proprie- tors, C. & A. Oldridge, 1, Wellington Street, Strand, where the Balm is sold, and by respectable Perfumers and Medi- cine Vendors. Price 3s. 6d. 6s. and lis. per Bottle— No other prices are Genuine. Some complaints have reached the Proprietors of a spu- rious Balm having been vended; they again caution the Public to be on their guard against base impostors, by espe- cially asking for OLDRIDGES BALM OF COLUM- BIA, 1, WELLINGTON STREET, STRAND, LONDON. WARWICK, SATURDAY, AUG. 18.— Wheat, per bag, old 27s Od to 30s Od ; new, — s Od to — s Od ; Barley, per quarter, 0s Od to 0s Od ; grinding, 30s Od to 34s Od ; Oats, Os Od to 0s Od; New, 24s Od to 27s od; Peas, per bag, 16s Od to 19s Od ; Beans, 16s Od to 18s Od; uew, 15s Od to 17s Od; Vetches, 0s Od to 0s 0d; Malt, 56s Od to 64s Od p er quarter. HEREFORD, AUG. 18.— Wheat, per bushel Imperial measure, 10s6dto 10s lid. Ditto, new, per bushel, 0s Od to 0s 0d. Barley, 4s Od to 4a 6d. Beans, 0s Od to 0s Od. Peas, 0s Od to 0s 0( J. Vetches, Os Od to 0s Od. Oats, 0s Od to 06 Od. CHELTENHAM, AUG. 16.— Wheat, 10s Od to 10s 6d per bushel, Ditto, red, 9s 9d to lOsOd. Barley, 3s 6d to 4s 6d. Oats, 3s Od to 4s 3d, Deans, 5s Od to 53 01. IMPORTANT TO THE AFFLICTED, WHO may be labouring- under any internal dis- ease, and deemed incurable, or dismissed trom any hospital as such, may be cured by applying to Mr. W. Cooper, botanist, near the Blue Gates, Smethwick, near Birmingham, where he prepares all his infallibles for the cure of every internal disease, as well as for all diseases of the Eye, from herbs gathered under the planets which govern them. Charges low, and cure sure, if patients attend to orders ; or they may obtain his herb medicines, & c., at Mr. WOOD'S, No. 78, High- street, Birmingham. Smethwick, May 7, 1838. Families, Travellers, Masters of Ships, and Sportsmen should never be without MOXON'S EFFERVESCENT MAGNESIAN APERIENT, decidedly the most generally useful medicine ever offered to the public. The unrivalled efficacy of the Magnesian, in all disorders of the stomach and bowels, has obtained for it the uniform recommendation and approval of the faculty. This unique preparation unites all the active powers of the most approved saline purgatives, with the palatable qualities of a glass of soda water. In torpid states of the hvr. r and bowels, bilious affections, cholera morbus, pains in the head, or disordered state of the stomach, nausea, anil violent sickness, it will be found a safe, speedy, and effectual remedy. It gives instantaneous relief in the heartburn, is of great service in preventing piles, fistula, and gout, and in alleviating the febrile symptoms attendant on the latter affection. Derangement of the stomach and head, 8tc., arising from a too free indulgence in the gratifications of the table, is speedily removed by a tea- spoonful taken early in the morning. Prepared only by BENJAMIN MOXON, chemist, Hull. Wholesale agents, Barclay and Sons, London ; J and R. Raimes, Edinburgh and Dublin. Sold wholesale and retail at all the medicine warehouses in London, and retail by all vendors of medicines throughout the kingdom. In bottles at 2s. 9d., 4s. 6d., and in family bottles at 1 Is., ( with a ground glass stopper) containing the quantity of five of the 2s. 9d. size, being a saving of twenty per cent to the purchaser. May be had as above, that very popular arid much- esteemed preparation of Sarsaparilla, the CONCEN- TRATED COMPOUND DECOCTION. Prepared by B. MOXON, chemist, Hull. RINGWORM EFFECTUALLY CURED. A certain and most speedy Cure for this insidious and dis- tressing Disease may now be had. BEATSON'S RINGWORM LOTION will tho- roughly and safely eradicate every species of the malady and Scalled Head in the short space of fourteen days, how- ever malignant or long standing. This invaluable Lotion is now extensively used and recommended by Medical men throughout the kingdom, and employed with unvarying success in most of the principal Schools. It contains nothing of an injurious, burning, or offensive quality, and the cure is effected simply by applying it to the parts for a few minutes, morning and evening. Ample directions for the treatment of the Disease and the use of the Lotion, together with many highly respectable testimonials, are given with each bottle, price 2s. 9d. Pints lis. May be had of all the principal Druggists and Medicine Venders in the kingdom :— besure to ask for BEATSON'S Ringworm Lotion ; the great success of it having tempted many unprincipled persons to vend a substitute under the name of " Ringworm Lotion." The genuine has the Pro- prietor's Name and Address on the seal over the cork, and outside the wrapper, as follows: S. L. BEATSON, Practical Chymist, 18, Thornton- street, Hoisleydown, London. AGENTS— Birmingham, BANKS, High- street; W. JACKSON, Union- street. CORNS. DICKER'S OPIATE CORN PLASTER, for the removal of Corns, Bunions, and all hard fleshy sub- stances on the feet. It is admitted by the thousands who have tried it, and the most sceptical, to be the only remedy ever offered to public notice; it acts both as an opiate and solvent, by relieving the most excruciating pain, and gradu- ally dissolving the cal/ ous or horny substance. Prepared only and sold by WM. DICKER, chemist, 235, Strand, next door to Temple Bar, London, in boxes Is. lid. each. Sold also by Messrs. J. M. Knott, Wood, Flewitt, and Shillitoe, High- street, Birmingham; Harper, Hodgkin- son, and Roberts, Warwick; Stanley, and Newhy, Lea- mington; where likewise can he procured DICKER'S AROMATIC ESSENCE, an instant relief for the Tooth Ache, in bottles Is. ll^ d. each. THE ONLY CURE FOR CORNS AND BUNIONS. » AMSBOTTOM'S CORN and BUNION SOL- VENT. By the use of this valuable remedyimme- drate relief from pain is obtained, and by its successive application for ashortpei iod, the mostobstinate Corns are entirely removed without recourseto the dangerous opera- tions of cutting or filing. The proprietorpledgeshimself that it does not contain caustic or any otlierarticle that will in/ lame the skin; being white it will not stain the stocking; and the advantage it has over plaister is mani- fest, and fullyappreciated, as the very high recommenda- tion bestowed upon it by everyindividual that liasused it testifies. Price Is. l^ d. and 2s. The various counterfeits that are attemptedto be im- posed upon the public in lieu of this invaluable remedy, render it imperativelynecessary for purchasers to ask for S. Ramsbottom'sCorn and Bunion Solvent, and to see that it has the signature of" S. Ramsbottom" written upon the label that is pasted on the outside of the wrapper of every genuine bottle, in addition to the name of the article, and words sold by Hannay and Co. 63, Oxford- street, being the name and address of the proprietor's wholesaleagents. The following letter from Mr. John Winfield, of Bir- mingham^ one of many hundreds of the same tenor: Gentlemen— Having read an advertisement in a Birmingham paper, I wasinducedtopurchasefrom your agent, Mr. Maher, Ann- street, a bottle of Ramsbottom's Corn and Bunion Solvent;— after a week'Bapplication I found it had the desired effect. I have since re- commended it to many of my friends. You are at liberty to make any use you please of thiscommunication.— Your obedient servant, Birmingham, August6,1836. JOHN WINFIELD. Mr. Phipp, of Westbourn. road, Paddington- green, writes he had been so severe a sufferer from corns, as to be quite a cripple, requir. ing the aid of two sticks to walk with, for many months, until he was recommended to try Ramsbottoin's Corn Solvent, which entirely cured him, and that he has not bee* troubled with them since, and will be most happy to answer any personal enquiries as to its efli. cacy. ALSO FROM DR. GRENVILLE. Dr. Grenville presents his compliments to Messrs. Hannay and Co., and begs to add his testimony ( publicly) to the efficacy of Rams- bottom's Corn Solvent, which he purchased at their shop, when in London last seasou : it completely answers the purpose, the danger possible to arise by cutting them too deep is avoided, and it is far more agreeable than plaister. Sold by appointment by W. Wood, High- street,; R. Matthison, 71, Edgbaston- street; Hodgetts, Spiceal- street; Watts, Snovvhill; and Guest, Steelhouse- lane; and by the principal patent medicine vendors in every other town in the kingdom. DR. JOHN ARMSTRONG'S LIVER PILLS. " I care not how I am physicked, so it bo not by the adventure of a quack but advice of a physician, who, I am sure, will prescribe no more for me than may consist with my safety, and need doth require." — Old Divine. THESE LIVER PILLS have now established themselves as a favourite FAMILY APERIENT, as a safe and sure destroyer of WORMS in children; as a most effectual remedy for an INACTIVE LIVER, and consequently as an ANTIBILIOUS. Obstinate sores heal, and the STONE and GRAVEL are invariably cured under a course of them. The occasional use of these Pills, instead of any other Aperient, renders the COMPLEXION beautifully clear, and free from eruptions. Many DROP- SICAL persons are now never without these Pills. Taken a few nights before a VOYAGE, they prevent SEA- SICKNESS. They contain no Aloes, Gamboge, or Colo cynth ; occasioning no Piles, nor any pain in their operation. By permission of the Board of Stamps and Taxes at Somerset- house, the proprietor has had the name of his in- valuable medicine, " Dr. John Armstrong's Liver Pills," engraved in white letters on the government stamp, to which he continues to affix, in red wax, his coat of arms, a Tower on a Shield of ermine and gold. The LIVER PILLS are now prepared only by the pro- prietor's new compounding agents, Edward Winstanley and Son, 7, Poultry, London, in the stead of John T. Eddy, of Bishop Stortford, who ceased to be the proprietor's agent on the 9th Feb., 1838, but continues, he his heirs, adminis- trators, and assigns, by virtue of an agreement duly stamped and executed, bearing date Oct. 7th, 1837, liable to a penalty of 500/,, if he or they ever divulge the secret of the prescrip- tion, or again prepare the Pills, or sell any other Pills of his or their preparing, under the name of Dr. John Armstrong's Liver Pills. The trade is informed that the proprietor, a gentleman of private fortune, has directed his new agents to put thirteen boxes into every dozen packet, and that the Is. IJd. size only will now be prepared. Messrs. Winstanley are to supply only the London wholesale houses; to whom, there- fore, retailers are requested to address their orders. Sold retail by all patent medicine Vendors, in boxes, ac- companied with the late Dr. Armstrong's own directions, and some interesting cases, at Is. ljd. each. N. B, Ask for " Dr. John Armstrong's Liver Pills." FRAMPTON'S PILL OF HEALTH, Price Is. Il^ d. per box. THIS excellent Family PILL is a Medicine of long tried efficacy for correcting all disorders of the Stomach and Bowels, the common symptoms of which are costivenes6, flatulency, spasms, loss of appetite, sick headache, giddiness, sense of fulness after meals, dizziness of the eyes, drowsiness, and pains in the stomach and bowels. Indigestion producing a torpid state of the liver, and a consequent inactivity of the bowels, causing a disor- ganisation of every function of the frame, will, in this most excellent preparation, by a little perseverance, be effectually removed. Two or three doses will convince the afflicted of its salutary effects. The stomach will speedily regain its strength; a healthy action of the liver, bowels, and kidneys, will rapidly take place, and instead of listlessness, heat, pain, and jaundiced appearance, strength, activity, and re- newed health, will be the quick result of taking this medi- cine according to the directions accompanying each box; and if taken after too free an indulgence at table, they quickly restore the system to its natural state of repose. Persons of a full habit, who are subject to headache, giddiness, drowsiness, and singing in the ears, arising from too great a flow of blood to the head, should never be with- out them, as many dangerous symptoms will be entirely carried oSf by their immediate use. For females, these Pills are most truly excellent, removing all obstructions; the distressing headache so very prevalent with the sex; depression of spirits, dulness of sight, ner- vous affections, blotches, pimples, and sallowness of the skin, and give a healthy and juvenile bloom to the com- plexion. As a pleasant, safe, easy aperient, they unite the recom- mendation of a mild operation with the most successful effect, and require no restraint of diet or confinement during their use. And for elderly people they will be found to be the most comfortable medicine hitherto prepared. Sold by T. Prout, 229, Strand, London; price Is. IJd. and 2s. !) d. per box; and at Birmingham by Shillitoe, Wood, Collins and Co., Edwards, Flewitt, Sumner and Co., Smith, Suffield, Gazette and Advertiser offices;— Dudley; Morris, Turner and Hollier ;— Wolverhampton; Mander and Co., Simpson ;— Atherstone; Davis;— Walsall; Valen- tine and Co.;— Kidderminster; Pennell;— Lichfield; Mor- gan ;— Bewdley; Morris ;— Westbromwich ; Shillitoe ;— Shiffnall; Harding; — Bromsgrove; Maund;— Warwick; Bayley, Harper, Hodgkinson, Roberts ; — Bridgnorth ; Nicholas;— Coventry; Wileys and Brown, Merridew, Rollason, Loveitt;— and by the vendors of medicines generally throughout the kingdom. Ask for Frampton's Pill of Health, and observe the name and address of " Thomas Prout, 229, Strand, Londun, on the government stamp. A TREA TISE on every Stage and Symptom of a Certain Complaint, is justpublished by MESSRS. PERRY and Co., Surg- eons, who may be personally consulted, on all cases of secrecy, from nine in the morning till ten at night, and on Sundays from nine till two, at No. 4, GREAT CHARLES- STREET, four doors from Easy- row, Birmingham; No. 23, SLATER-, STREET, near DUKE- STREET, LIVERPOOL, and 4, BALE STREET, near St. Peter's Church, MANCHESTER ; and country pati- ents requiring their assistance, by making only one personal visit, will receive such advice that will enable them to ob- tain a permanent and effectual cure, after all other means have failed ; and with each box of PERRY'S PURIFY- ING SPECIFIC PILLS, price 2s. 9d. and lis., will receive gratis the TREATISE ON VENEREAL and SYPHILITIC DISEASES, with observations on se- minal weakness, and the deplorable consequences resulting from the use of mercury, containing plain and practical directions for the speedy and effectual cure of all degrees of the above complaints. Where an early application is made for the cure of a certain disorder, frequently contracted in a moment of in- ebriety, the eradication is generally completed in a few days, and in the more advanced and inveterate stages of venereal infection, characterised by a variety of painful and dis- tressing symptoms, a perseverance in their plan, ( without restraint in diet or exercise) will insure to the patient a per- manent and radical cure. It is a melancholy fact, that thousands fall victims to this disease, owing to the unskilfulness of illiterate men, who, by the use of that deadly poison— mercury, ruin the con- stitution, cause ulcerations, blotches on the head, face, and body, dimness of sight, noise in the ears, deafness, obsti- nate gleets, nodes on the shin bones, ulcerated sore throats, diseased nose, with nocturnal pains in the head and limbs, till at length a general debility and decay of the constitution ensues, andmelancholydeath puts a period to their dreadful sufferings. PERRY'S PURIFYING SPECIFIC PILLS, price • 2s. 9d. and lis. a box, are well known as a certain andeffec- tual remedy for every stage and symptom of the venereal disease, without confinement, loss of time, or hindrance from business; they have effected many surprising cures, not only in recent gonorrhoea and simple cases, but when salivation and all other means have failed. Messrs. Perry and Co., Surgeons, continue to direct their studies to those dieadful debilities arising from the too free and indiscriminate indulgence of the passions, which not only occasion the necessity of renouncing the felicities of mar- riage, to those who have given way to this delusive and de- structive habit, but weaken and destroy all the bodily senses, producing melancholy, deficiency, and a numerous train ol nervous affections. In this distressing state, whether the consequence of such baneful habits or any other cause, their mild mode of treatment will effect a speedy restoration to sound and vigorous health; and to those whose constitu- tions have become enfeebled, in consequence of improper treatment, or the venereal virus not being entirely rooted from their system, as well as from the dreadful effects ol mercury, or from secondary symptoms of the venereal disease, including strictures, gleets, and all urethral dis- charges, their medicine will be found a most safe and inva- luable remedy. Messrs. PERRY may he personally consulted from nine in the morning till ten at night, and will give advice to persons taking the above, or any other of their prepara- tions, without a fee. Attendance on Sundays from nine till two, at No. 4, Great Charles- street, Birmingham; where their medicines can only be obtained, as no Book seller, Druggist, or any other Medicine Vendor is supplied with them. Country letters, ( post paid) containing a remittance for medicine, will be immediately answered. HYDROPHOBIA. rpHIS horrific and fatal disease may be prevented * » y tlle timely application of Roived and Co.' s IM- PERIAL COMPOSITION. It is also recommended to the faculty, with the full assurance that from its use no had results need be apprehended from Dissecting- room Punctures, or other poisoned wounds, proceeding from putrid animal matter, & c. No family ought to he without it. Sold wholesale and retail, by ROWED and Co., in boxes 2s. 9d. each, at their Patent Medicine Warehouse, 64, Far- nngdon- street, London. A SHLEY COOPER'S BOTANICAL PURIFY- ING PILLS are established by thirty years'experi- ence, are prescribed by most of the eminent Physicians and Surgeons in London, and are always administered at several public hospitals, as the only certain remedy for Gonorrhoea, Gleets, Strictures, and all other forms of Ve- nereal diseases, in either sex, curing in a few days, by one small pill for a dose, with ease, secrecy, and safety. Theit operation is imperceptible, they do not require tlieslightest confinement, or any alteration of diet, beverage or exercise. They do not disagree with the stomach, nor cause any offensive smell to the breath, as is the case with all other medicines in use for these complaints, and after a cure ef- fected by the use of these pills, the party willnotexperience any return of the complaint, as generally occurs after taking Balsam of Copaiba, arid other drugs of the like nature, which only possessing a local action, merelysuppressedthe complaintfor a time, without eradicating it from the con- stitution, and the patient on undergoing a little more fa- tigue than ordinary, finds all the symptoms return, and that they are suffering under the complaint as much as at first, and are at last constrained to have recourseto these pills, as the only certain cure. They are likewise a mostefficient remedy for Pimpled Faces, Scurf, Scorbutic Affections, and all Eruptions of the Skin. Captains of vesselsshould make a point of always taking them to sea, their unrivalled effi- cacy in curing Scurvy beingknown throughout the world. The following letter selected from numerousother pro- fessional recommendationsforwarded to the proprietor when he first offered these pills to the public, may be considered interesting. From that eminent surgeon, the late Joshua Brookes, Esq., F. R. S., Professor of Anatomy, & c. & c. Theatre of Anatomy, Blenheim. street. Dear Cooper,— I have tried your pills in numerous instances, and my caudid opinion is that they are a mostimproved system of treat- ment for those peculiar complaints for which you recommend them, curing with rapidity, and with a certainty that I had never before witnessed; but what I consider their most invaluable property is, that they entirely eradicate the complaint, aud neverleave those dis- tressingsecondary symptoms ( that harass the patient for life) which usually arise after the use ofthose uncertain remedies, Mercury and Copaiba. I think you cannot fail to have a very large sale for them Believe me, yours, very truly, JOSHUA BROOKES. Dr. Borragan presents his compliments to Messrs. Hannay and Co., and writes to say, that having for some years prescribed Ashley Cooper's Pills to his patients, with the most successful results, he feels called upon to add his testimony to their great efficacy in curing sexual diseases, and they deserve well of the public profession. The Purifying Drops are also a mo3t valuable antiscorbutic medicine. Dr. B. has found them to be a decided specific for those eruptions of the skin which frequently appear at the rise and fall of the year. London, street, June 12,1838. Gentlemen,— I cannot express the feelings which induce me to forward my name, in addition to those who have gratefully returned their thanks for a complete cure of gonorrhoea, by the use of Cooper's Botanical Pills, I beg merely to say, that I have experi- enced an entire cure from the small quantity of six boxes of those invaluable pills, a very urgent and distressing species of the above disorder: and my gratitude shall be ever evinced in my strongest recommendatiou of them to all I may hereafter meet suffering in the same manner. If this communication cau be of the least service, I beg you will accept, it, merely reminding you, that if made public ray residence may be omitted I am, gentlemen, your much obliged aud obedient servant, JOHN HARRISON. Ashley Cooper's Botanical Purifying Pills are sold in boxes at 2s. 9d. and 4s. 6d. each, wholesale and retail, at HANNAY and Co.' s General Patent Medicine Warehouse, 63, Oxford- street, the corner of Wells- street, London, where the public can besupplied with every Patent Medi- cine ofrepute, ( with an allowance on taking six at one time) warranted genuine and fresh from the various makers. Orders by post, containing aremittance, punctually attended to, and the change, if any, can be returned with the order. Sold by appointment by W. Wood, High street; R. Matthison, 71, . Edgbaston- street; Hodgetts, Spiceal- street; Watts, Sriowhill; and Guest, Steelhouse- lane, Birmingham; and by the principal medicine vendors in every other town in tne kingdom. MULREADDY'S COUGH ELIXIR. ONE dose is sufficient to convince the most scrupu- lous of the invaluable and unfailing efficacy of Mul- readdy's Cough Elixir, for the cure of coughs, colds, hoarseness, shortness of breath, asthma, difficulty ol breathing, huskiness, and unpleasant tickling in the throat, night cough, with pain on the chest, & c. The paramount superiority of this medicine above every other now in use, for the cure of the above complaints, only requires to be known to prove the passport to its being, ere long, universally made use of for the cure of every description of Pulmonary Affection. To those who are unacquainted with the invaluable pro- perties of Mulreaddy's Cough Elixir, the following letters will exhibit its efficacy: — Manchester, Jan. 2nd, 1835. Dear Sir,— The cough medicine you aent me is certainly a moat surprising remedy; six days ago 1 was unable to breathe, unless with great difficulty, attended with much coughing, which alwayB kept my soft palate relaxed, and in a state of irritation, aud the more I coughed the worseit was, and it, in its own turn, produced a constant excitement of coughing . I am now about, to the wonder of my friends and neighbours, entirely free from cougli. One small phial of your inestimable medicine, ten years back; would have saved me not less than £ 3,000 in medical fees, but it would have done more— it would have saved my having had to swallow, from time to time, upwards of a hogshead of their nauseous, and, as tliey all proved, useless drugs. The agreeable flavour of the medicine is a great recommendation: I think you ought to put it up aBd sell it to the public, and if any one should doubt its efficacy, refer them tome. I shall have the pleasure of being with you in a few days, when I shall press on your consideration the propriety of making it up for sale ; it would prove an enormous fortune to your grand- children. If you make up your mind to do so, as I am what the worldstyles an idle man, you may enlist me inyour service in any way that you think would be useful. But I should advise you to place the management in the hands of one of the great medicine housea in London. Hannay's, in Oxford . street, are beingadvertised in all the papers here, as wholesale agents for Ramsbottom's Corn Solvent, which, by the bye, my girla all say is really a cure, and many other medicines. I should say this would be a very good house, Oxford. street beingone of the most public situations in Lon- don. All join me in kind remembrance to yourself and Mrs. M, Believe me, yours, very truly, T. Mulreaddy, Esq. ROBERT GRANT. Birkenhead, Jan., 1835. Dear Sir,— 1The bottle of Medicine you left for me the other day has greatly relieved the wheezing I have been so long subject to; and I do not now find the cold produce the sensation it used previous to taking your medicine ; it used formerly to nip me on going out, and I seemed as though I had a string run through my body, and the breast and backbones were drawn together. If you will be ao good as to give me another bottle, I am sure it will work a perfect cure. I am, sir, your most obedient servant, T. Mulreaddy, Esq. NICHOLAS BROWN. Liverpool, Dec., 1834. MydearSlr,— You most assuredlydeserve the thanks of society for presenting it with such an invaluable cure for Coughs. For years past, during the winter mouths, and aivvays on foggy days, have I heretofore been compelled to confine myself a close and soli- tary prisoner in my library, to prevent the possibility of being tempted to join in conversation, the excitement of which always produced such violent paroxysms of coughing, that I have been in constant dread of sudden dissolution, by bursting of a blood- vessel. At the commencement of the present season, by your kind liberality, I com- menced taking the medicine you sent, and have taken twelve bottles. After I had takou three, I could respire as vigourously as in the early part of my life, and I now believe that 1 was then perfectly cured— a cure not to have beeu expected at my advanced age, 80 years— but I persevered iu taking it until I had consumed the whole twelve bottles. Your situation m life, I know, places you beyond the necessity of preparing an article of the kind for sale, butit inust and shall be done, and if you neglect to do it, my sincere wish is that you may be lugged out of your retirement, and compelled to provide it in quantities equal to the boundless waters; and you may rely upon it, that I, a locomotive proof of its wouderful power, will spare neither time nor trouble to promulgate its efficacy, until you will find your cottage attacked by myriads of my former fellow- sufferers, for a share of your bounty, and 1 myself now apply for the first, trusting that your goodness will not sutler you to refuse mtt a pretty considerable quantity, aud I promise to distribute it most usefully. Whenever you have made up for sale, seod me one thou, sand bottles. Ever your sincere well- wisher, T. Mulreaddy, Esq. W. HUGHES. Mr. Mulreaddy begs to observe, that to publish copies of the whole of the letters he has received of the above tenor, would require several volumes. The selection here pre- sented he considers quite sufficient, but begs to say, that upon trial of his Cough Elixir, it will give itself the best recommendation. It will be sold by his appointment, whole- sale and retail, by his agents, Messrs. HANNAY and Co., 63, Oxford- street, London ; and retail by every other respecta- ble vendorofmedicines in bottles at Is. li^ d. each. igijP Purchasers shou'd observe that it is wrapped up in white paper, on which, in a blue label with white letters, are printed the words,— Mulreaddy's Cough Elixir, pre- pared by Thomas Mulreaddy, Liverpool, and sold byhisap- pointmentat Hannay and Co.' s, Patent Medicine Ware- house, 63, Oxford- street, London. Price Is. l^ d. and 4s. fid. Sold wholesale and retail by HANNAY and Co., 63, Oxford street, London, wholesale Patent Medicine Ven- dors and Perfumers to the Royal Family, where the public can be supplied with every patent and public medicine of repute; and also with the perfumes of all the respectable London perfumers, with an allowance on taking six or more of any other article at the same time. Sold by appointment by Wood, High- street; R. Mat- thison, 71, Edgbaston- street; Hodgetts, Spiceal- street; Watts, Snoivbill; Guest, Steelhouse- lane; and by the principal patent medicine vendors in every other town in the kingdom. Printed and published by FRANCIS BASSETSHENSTON* FLINDELL, of Lee Mount, in the parish of Edgbaston, at 38, New- street, Birmingham, where letters for the Editor maybe addressed, and where Advertisements and Orders will be received. ( All descriptions of Jobbing carefully and expeditiously executed.) Agents in Lon- don: Messrs. NEWTON and Co., 5, Warwick- square; and Mr. BARKER, 33, Fleet- street.— Saturday, August 25,1838.